RTMP直播推流（一）视频推流

关于cmakeList的配置，这里就直接给出代码：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

# 引入指定目录下的CMakeLists.txt
add_subdirectory(src/main/cpp/librtmp)

add_library(
             native-lib

             SHARED

             src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp
             src/main/cpp/VideoChannel.cpp)

include_directories(src/main/cpp/include)

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -L${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/main/cpp/libs/${ANDROID_ABI}")
target_link_libraries(
                       native-lib
                       rtmp
                       x264
            log)

 在视频推流中，java层主要实现初始化、设置画布、转摄像头、开始直播和停止直播操作：

MainActivity：

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.rtmp.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;
import com.example.rtmp.live.LivePusher;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private LivePusher livePusher;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );

        SurfaceView surfaceView = findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);

        livePusher = new LivePusher(this, 800, 480, 800_000, 10, Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK);
        //  设置摄像头预览的界面
        livePusher.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceView.getHolder());
    }

    public void switchCamera(View view) {
    }

    public void startLive(View view) {
        livePusher.startLive("rtmp://47.75.90.219/myapp/mystream");
    }

    public void stopLive(View view) {
    }
}

LivePush代码：

package com.example.rtmp.live;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

import com.example.rtmp.live.channel.AudioChannel;
import com.example.rtmp.live.channel.VideoChannel;


public class LivePusher {


    static {
        System.loadLibrary("native-lib");
    }

    private AudioChannel audioChannel;
    private VideoChannel videoChannel;

    public LivePusher(Activity activity, int width, int height, int bitrate,
                      int fps, int cameraId) {
        native_init();
        videoChannel = new VideoChannel(this,activity, width, height, bitrate, fps, cameraId);
        audioChannel = new AudioChannel();
    }

    public void setPreviewDisplay(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
        videoChannel.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
    }

    public void switchCamera() {
        videoChannel.switchCamera();
    }

    public void startLive(String path) { //打开编码器之后进行开始直播
        native_start(path); //启动一个线程连接服务器
        videoChannel.startLive();
        audioChannel.startLive();
    }

    public void stopLive(){
        videoChannel.stopLive();
        audioChannel.stopLive();
        native_stop();
    }


    public native void native_init();

    public native void native_start(String path);

    public native void native_setVideoEncInfo(int width, int height, int fps, int bitrate);

    public native void native_pushVideo(byte[] data);

    public native void native_stop();

    public native void native_release();
}

CameraHelper代码：

package com.example.rtmp.live.channel;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Surface;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

public class CameraHelper implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Camera.PreviewCallback {

    private static final String TAG = "CameraHelper";
    private Activity mActivity;
    private int mHeight;
    private int mWidth;
    private int mCameraId;
    private Camera mCamera;
    private byte[] buffer;
    private SurfaceHolder mSurfaceHolder;
    private Camera.PreviewCallback mPreviewCallback;
    private int mRotation;
    private OnChangedSizeListener mOnChangedSizeListener;

    public CameraHelper(Activity activity, int cameraId, int width, int height) {
        mActivity = activity;
        mCameraId = cameraId;
        mWidth = width;
        mHeight = height;
    }

    public void switchCamera() {
        if (mCameraId == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK) {
            mCameraId = Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT;
        } else {
            mCameraId = Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK;
        }
        stopPreview();
        startPreview();
    }

    private void stopPreview() {
        if (mCamera != null) {
            //预览数据回调接口
            mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);
            //停止预览
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            //释放摄像头
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera = null;
        }
    }

    private void startPreview() {
        try {
            //获得camera对象
            mCamera = Camera.open(mCameraId);
            //配置camera的属性
            Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();
            //设置预览数据格式为nv21
            parameters.setPreviewFormat(ImageFormat.NV21);
            //这是摄像头宽、高
            setPreviewSize(parameters);
            // 设置摄像头 图像传感器的角度、方向
            setPreviewOrientation(parameters);
            mCamera.setParameters(parameters);
            buffer = new byte[mWidth * mHeight * 3 / 2];
            //数据缓存区
            mCamera.addCallbackBuffer(buffer);
            mCamera.setPreviewCallbackWithBuffer(this);
            //设置预览画面
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mSurfaceHolder);
            mOnChangedSizeListener.onChanged(mWidth, mHeight);
            mCamera.startPreview();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void setPreviewOrientation(Camera.Parameters parameters) {
        Camera.CameraInfo info = new Camera.CameraInfo();
        Camera.getCameraInfo(mCameraId, info);
        mRotation = mActivity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getRotation();
        int degrees = 0;
        switch (mRotation) {
            case Surface.ROTATION_0:
                degrees = 0;
                break;
            case Surface.ROTATION_90: // 横屏 左边是头部(home键在右边)
                degrees = 90;
                break;
            case Surface.ROTATION_180:
                degrees = 180;
                break;
            case Surface.ROTATION_270:// 横屏 头部在右边
                degrees = 270;
                break;
        }
        int result;
        if (info.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {
            result = (info.orientation + degrees) % 360;
            result = (360 - result) % 360; // compensate the mirror
        } else { // back-facing
            result = (info.orientation - degrees + 360) % 360;
        }
        //设置角度
        mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(result);
    }

    private void setPreviewSize(Camera.Parameters parameters) {
        //获取摄像头支持的宽、高
        List<Camera.Size> supportedPreviewSizes = parameters.getSupportedPreviewSizes();
        Camera.Size size = supportedPreviewSizes.get(0);
        Log.d(TAG, "支持 " + size.width + "x" + size.height);
        //选择一个与设置的差距最小的支持分辨率
        // 10x10 20x20 30x30
        // 12x12
        int m = Math.abs(size.height * size.width - mWidth * mHeight);
        supportedPreviewSizes.remove(0);
        Iterator<Camera.Size> iterator = supportedPreviewSizes.iterator();
        //遍历
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Camera.Size next = iterator.next();
            Log.d(TAG, "支持 " + next.width + "x" + next.height);
            int n = Math.abs(next.height * next.width - mWidth * mHeight);
            if (n < m) {
                m = n;
                size = next;
            }
        }
        mWidth = size.width;
        mHeight = size.height;
        parameters.setPreviewSize(mWidth, mHeight);
        Log.d(TAG, "设置预览分辨率 width:" + size.width + " height:" + size.height);
    }


    public void setPreviewDisplay(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
        mSurfaceHolder = surfaceHolder;
        mSurfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
    }

    public void setPreviewCallback(Camera.PreviewCallback previewCallback) {
        mPreviewCallback = previewCallback;
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
        //释放摄像头
        stopPreview();
        //开启摄像头
        startPreview();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        stopPreview();
    }


    @Override
    public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
        // data数据依然是倒的
        mPreviewCallback.onPreviewFrame(data, camera);
        camera.addCallbackBuffer(buffer);
    }



    public void setOnChangedSizeListener(OnChangedSizeListener listener) {
        mOnChangedSizeListener = listener;
    }

    public interface OnChangedSizeListener {
        void onChanged(int w, int h);
    }
}

VideoChannel：

package com.example.rtmp.live.channel;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

import com.example.rtmp.live.LivePusher;


public class VideoChannel implements Camera.PreviewCallback, CameraHelper.OnChangedSizeListener {


    private LivePusher mLivePusher;
    private CameraHelper cameraHelper;
    private int mBitrate;
    private int mFps;
    private boolean isLiving;

    public VideoChannel(LivePusher livePusher, Activity activity, int width, int height, int bitrate, int fps, int cameraId) {
        mLivePusher = livePusher;
        mBitrate = bitrate;
        mFps = fps;
        cameraHelper = new CameraHelper(activity, cameraId, width, height);
        //1、让camerahelper的
        cameraHelper.setPreviewCallback(this);
        //2、回调 真实的摄像头数据宽、高
        cameraHelper.setOnChangedSizeListener(this);
    }

    public void setPreviewDisplay(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
        cameraHelper.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
    }


    /**
     * 得到nv21数据 已经旋转好的
     *
     * @param data
     * @param camera
     */
    @Override
    public void onPreviewFrame(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
        if (isLiving) {
            mLivePusher.native_pushVideo(data); //将data送到native然后进行编码播放
        }
    }

    public void switchCamera() {
        cameraHelper.switchCamera();
    }

    /**
     * 真实摄像头数据的宽、高
     * @param w
     * @param h
     */
    @Override
    public void onChanged(int w, int h) {
        //初始化编码器
        mLivePusher.native_setVideoEncInfo(w, h, mFps, mBitrate);
    }

    public void startLive() { //跳到onPreviewFrame
        isLiving = true;
    }

    public void stopLive() {
        isLiving = false;
    }
}

可以使用debug看一看操作的流程

下面进行jni层的开发：

首先要初始化设置：

SafeQueue<RTMPPacket*> packets; //打包好的数据
VideoChannel *videoChannel=0;
int isstart=0;
pthread_t pid;

void releasePackets(RTMPPacket*& packet){
    DELETE(packet);
}

extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_example_rtmp_live_LivePusher_native_1init(JNIEnv *env, jobject instance) {
    // 准备一个Video编码器的工具类：进行编码
    videoChannel=new VideoChannel;
    //准备一个队列，打包好的数据 放入队列，在线程中统一的取出数据在再送给服务器
    packets.setReleaseCallback(releasePackets);

}

初始化编码器：

extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_example_rtmp_live_LivePusher_native_1setVideoEncInfo(JNIEnv *env, jobject instance, jint width,
                                                              jint height, jint fps, jint bitrate) {
    //
    if (videoChannel){
        videoChannel->setVideoEncInfo(width,height,fps,bitrate);
    }
}

setVideoEncInfo代码如下：

void VideoChannel::setVideoEncInfo(jint width, jint height, jint fps, jint bitrate) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
    mWidtd=width;
    mHeight=height;
    mFps=fps;
    mBitrate=bitrate;
    if (videoCodec){ //进行判断是因为后面进行跳转摄像头需要进行释放之前的摄像头
        x264_encoder_close(videoCodec);
        videoCodec=0;
    }

    //打开x264编码器
    //x264编码器的属性
    x264_param_t param;
    //2：最快
    //3: 无延迟编码
    x264_param_default_preset(&param,"ultrafast","zerolatency");
    //base_line 3.2 编码规格
    param.i_level_idc = 32;
    //输入数据格式
    param.i_csp = X264_CSP_I420;
    param.i_width = width;
    param.i_height = height;
    //无b帧
    param.i_bframe = 0;
    //参数i_rc_method表示码率控制，CQP(恒定质量)，CRF(恒定码率)，ABR(平均码率)
    param.rc.i_rc_method = X264_RC_ABR;
    //码率(比特率,单位Kbps)
    param.rc.i_bitrate = bitrate / 1000;
    //瞬时最大码率
    param.rc.i_vbv_max_bitrate = bitrate / 1000 * 1.2;
    //设置了i_vbv_max_bitrate必须设置此参数，码率控制区大小,单位kbps
    param.rc.i_vbv_buffer_size = bitrate / 1000;

    //帧率
    param.i_fps_num = fps;
    param.i_fps_den = 1;
    param.i_timebase_den = param.i_fps_num;
    param.i_timebase_num = param.i_fps_den;
//    param.pf_log = x264_log_default2;
    //用fps而不是时间戳来计算帧间距离
    param.b_vfr_input = 0;
    //帧距离(关键帧)  2s一个关键帧
    param.i_keyint_max = fps * 2;
    // 是否复制sps和pps放在每个关键帧的前面 该参数设置是让每个关键帧(I帧)都附带sps/pps。
    param.b_repeat_headers = 1;
    //多线程
    param.i_threads = 1;

    x264_param_apply_profile(&param,"baseline");
     //打开编码器
    videoCodec= x264_encoder_open(&param);

    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}

加一个互斥锁  多线程的时候为了保护线程安全，一般加互斥锁。

开始直播：

void *start(void *args) {
    char *url = static_cast<char *>(args);
    RTMP *rtmp = 0;
    do {
        rtmp = RTMP_Alloc();
        if (!rtmp) {
            LOGE("alloc rtmp失败");
            break;
        }
        RTMP_Init(rtmp);
        int ret = RTMP_SetupURL(rtmp, url);
        if (!ret) {
            LOGE("设置地址失败:%s", url);
            break;
        }
        //5s超时时间
        rtmp->Link.timeout = 5;
        RTMP_EnableWrite(rtmp);
        ret = RTMP_Connect(rtmp, 0);
        if (!ret) {
            LOGE("连接服务器:%s", url);
            break;
        }
        ret = RTMP_ConnectStream(rtmp, 0);
        if (!ret) {
            LOGE("连接流:%s", url);
            break;
        }
        //记录一个开始时间
        start_time = RTMP_GetTime();
        //表示可以开始推流了
        readyPushing = 1;
        packets.setWork(1);
        RTMPPacket *packet = 0;
        while (readyPushing) {
            packets.pop(packet);
            if (!isStart) {
                break;
            }
            if (!packet) {
                continue;
            }
            packet->m_nInfoField2 = rtmp->m_stream_id;
            //发送rtmp包 1：队列
            // 意外断网？发送失败，rtmpdump 内部会调用RTMP_Close
            // RTMP_Close 又会调用 RTMP_SendPacket
            // RTMP_SendPacket  又会调用 RTMP_Close
            // 将rtmp.c 里面WriteN方法的 Rtmp_Close注释掉
            ret = RTMP_SendPacket(rtmp, packet, 1);
            releasePackets(packet);
            if (!ret) {
                LOGE("发送失败");
                break;
            }
        }
        releasePackets(packet);
    } while (0);
    //
    isStart = 0;
    readyPushing = 0;
    packets.setWork(0);
    packets.clear();
    if (rtmp) {
        RTMP_Close(rtmp);
        RTMP_Free(rtmp);
    }
    delete (url);
    return 0;
}


extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_example_push_LivePusher_native_1start(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring path_) {
    if (isStart) {
        return;
    }
    const char *path = env->GetStringUTFChars(path_, 0);
    char *url = new char[strlen(path) + 1];
    strcpy(url, path);
    isStart = 1;
    //启动线程
    pthread_create(&pid, 0, start, url);
    env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(path_, path);
}

 编码并发送sps和pps以及I帧：

extern "C"
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_com_example_push_LivePusher_native_1pushVideo(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jbyteArray data_) {
    if (!videoChannel || !readyPushing) {
        return;
    }
    jbyte *data = env->GetByteArrayElements(data_, NULL);
    videoChannel->encodeData(data);
    env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(data_, data, 0);
}

void VideoChannel::encodeData(int8_t *data) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
    //y数据
    memcpy(pic_in->img.plane[0], data, ySize);
    for (int i = 0; i < uvSize; ++i) {
        //u数据
        *(pic_in->img.plane[1] + i) = *(data + ySize + i * 2 + 1);
        *(pic_in->img.plane[2] + i) = *(data + ySize + i * 2);
    }
    //编码出来的数据  （帧数据）
    x264_nal_t *pp_nal;
    //编码出来有几个数据 （多少帧）
    int pi_nal;
    x264_picture_t pic_out;
    x264_encoder_encode(videoCodec, &pp_nal, &pi_nal, pic_in, &pic_out);
    //如果是关键帧 3
    int sps_len;
    int pps_len;
    uint8_t sps[100];
    uint8_t pps[100];
    for (int i = 0; i < pi_nal; ++i) {
        if (pp_nal[i].i_type == NAL_SPS) {
            //排除掉 h264的间隔 00 00 00 01
            sps_len = pp_nal[i].i_payload - 4;
            memcpy(sps, pp_nal[i].p_payload + 4, sps_len);
        } else if (pp_nal[i].i_type == NAL_PPS) {
            pps_len = pp_nal[i].i_payload - 4;
            memcpy(pps, pp_nal[i].p_payload + 4, pps_len);
            //pps肯定是跟着sps的
            sendSpsPps(sps, pps, sps_len, pps_len);
        } else {
            sendFrame(pp_nal[i].i_type, pp_nal[i].p_payload, pp_nal[i].i_payload);
        }
    }
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}

• 发送sps 和pps

• void VideoChannel::sendSpsPps(uint8_t *sps, uint8_t *pps, int sps_len, int pps_len) {
      //看表
      int bodySize = 13 + sps_len + 3 + pps_len;
      RTMPPacket *packet = new RTMPPacket;
      //
      RTMPPacket_Alloc(packet, bodySize);
      int i = 0;
      //固定头
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x17;
      //类型
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x00;
      //composition time 0x000000
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x00;
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x00;
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x00;
  
      //版本
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x01;
      //编码规格
      packet->m_body[i++] = sps[1];
      packet->m_body[i++] = sps[2];
      packet->m_body[i++] = sps[3];
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0xFF;
  
      //整个sps
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0xE1;
      //sps长度
      packet->m_body[i++] = (sps_len >> 8) & 0xff;
      packet->m_body[i++] = sps_len & 0xff;
      memcpy(&packet->m_body[i], sps, sps_len);
      i += sps_len;
  
      //pps
      packet->m_body[i++] = 0x01;
      packet->m_body[i++] = (pps_len >> 8) & 0xff;
      packet->m_body[i++] = (pps_len) & 0xff;
      memcpy(&packet->m_body[i], pps, pps_len);
  
      //视频
      packet->m_packetType = RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_VIDEO;
      packet->m_nBodySize = bodySize;
      //随意分配一个管道（尽量避开rtmp.c中使用的）
      packet->m_nChannel = 10;
      //sps pps没有时间戳
      packet->m_nTimeStamp = 0;
      //不使用绝对时间
      packet->m_hasAbsTimestamp = 0;
      packet->m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_MEDIUM;
  
      videoCallback(packet);
  }

• 发送帧信息

• void VideoChannel::sendFrame(int type, uint8_t *payload, int i_payload) {
      if (payload[2] == 0x00) {
          i_payload -= 4;
          payload += 4;
      } else {
          i_payload -= 3;
          payload += 3;
      }
      //看表
      int bodySize = 9 + i_payload;
      RTMPPacket *packet = new RTMPPacket;
      //
      RTMPPacket_Alloc(packet, bodySize);
  
      packet->m_body[0] = 0x27;
      if(type == NAL_SLICE_IDR){
          packet->m_body[0] = 0x17;
          LOGE("关键帧");
      }
      //类型
      packet->m_body[1] = 0x01;
      //时间戳
      packet->m_body[2] = 0x00;
      packet->m_body[3] = 0x00;
      packet->m_body[4] = 0x00;
      //数据长度 int 4个字节
      packet->m_body[5] = (i_payload >> 24) & 0xff;
      packet->m_body[6] = (i_payload >> 16) & 0xff;
      packet->m_body[7] = (i_payload >> 8) & 0xff;
      packet->m_body[8] = (i_payload) & 0xff;
  
      //图片数据
      memcpy(&packet->m_body[9], payload, i_payload);
  
      packet->m_hasAbsTimestamp = 0;
      packet->m_nBodySize = bodySize;
      packet->m_packetType = RTMP_PACKET_TYPE_VIDEO;
      packet->m_nChannel = 0x10;
      packet->m_headerType = RTMP_PACKET_SIZE_LARGE;
      videoCallback(packet);
  }

  

   

   

• 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/101sPDxMVJd9XeC7JWsmANw 
  提取码：bra3