HOW - next/image 图片加载优化

官方文档

next/image 是 Next.js 框架中的一个图像组件,旨在简化图像处理、优化和加载。它是 Next.js 提供的一个内置组件,专门用于解决图像相关的问题,以提高性能和用户体验。

next/image 组件

**1. 概述

  • next/image 组件是 Next.js 10 引入的,它提供了一种优化图像的方式,包括自动调整大小、优化加载和支持懒加载等功能。

**2. 主要功能

  • 自动优化next/image 自动优化图像,确保它们以最合适的格式、尺寸和质量加载,提升页面性能。
  • 响应式图片:支持响应式图片,根据不同的设备和屏幕尺寸加载适当大小的图像。
  • 懒加载:默认启用懒加载,只有在图像即将进入视口时才加载,从而减少初始页面加载的资源消耗。
  • 格式转换:支持现代图像格式(如 WebP),并根据浏览器支持自动选择合适的图像格式。
  • 占位符和加载指示:提供占位符和加载状态功能,以改善用户体验。

**3. 基本用法

  • 引入
    import Image from 'next/image';
    
  • 示例
    import Image from 'next/image';
    
    function MyComponent() {
      return (
        <div>
          <Image
            src="/path/to/image.jpg"
            alt="Description of image"
            width={500}  // 图像的宽度
            height={300} // 图像的高度
          />
        </div>
      );
    }
    

**4. 属性

  • src:图像源地址,可以是本地路径或外部 URL。
  • alt:图像的替代文本,用于描述图像内容,提升无障碍访问。
  • widthheight:图像的宽度和高度,这些值用于计算图像的占位符和布局。
  • layout:图像的布局模式。支持多种模式,如 fixed(固定大小),responsive(响应式),intrinsic(自适应),和 fill(填充父容器)。
  • priority:标记图像为优先加载,适用于关键图像(如页面的首屏图像),以确保它们尽快加载。
  • placeholder:占位符模式,可以设置为 blur 来显示模糊的占位图像,直到实际图像加载完成。

**5. 性能优化

  • 自动压缩和调整next/image 通过服务器端的图像处理,自动压缩和调整图像,优化传输。
  • CDN 支持:Next.js 内置的图像优化服务可以利用 CDN 提供图像,进一步提升加载速度。

**6. 注意事项

  • 本地图片处理next/image 对本地图片有特定处理方式,通常需要将图像放在 public 文件夹下或指定 loader 进行处理。
  • 外部图像源:使用外部图像源时,可能需要在 next.config.js 中配置 domains 以允许加载外部资源。

配置示例

// next.config.js
module.exports = {
  images: {
    domains: ['example.com'], // 允许的外部图像源
  },
};

通过使用 next/image 组件,你可以轻松实现图像优化,提升页面性能和用户体验。它是 Next.js 提供的一个强大工具,帮助开发者在构建现代Web应用时更有效地管理图像。

### Android Init-Early and Early Service Partition Loading Timeline In the context of Android devices, particularly those transitioning from versions prior to Android 9 which did not support A/B configurations, understanding how partitions are loaded during boot is crucial. For devices running on or after Android 9, a specific sequence governs this process. #### First Stage Initialization with Recovery Ramdisk Devices begin by using `/init` located within the recovery ramdisk for initial setup operations[^1]. This phase involves mounting essential filesystem components necessary for further stages but does so while operating under an environment that includes elements intended primarily for recovery purposes rather than normal operation. #### Transitioning Root Filesystems Subsequently, there's a switch of root directories—from whatever was initially set up based on what’s available inside `recovery ramdisk`—to one defined as `/first_stage_ramdisk`. The purpose here is to isolate the system from any lingering aspects associated with recovery mode before proceeding deeper into standard boot procedures. #### System Image Mounting Once isolated appropriately via changing roots, the next significant action entails loading `system.img`, effectively bringing online core parts of the OS needed beyond just initialization tasks. Afterward, resources allocated through earlier steps get released back into general availability once their immediate utility has passed. #### Handling Normal Boot Requests Should conditions specified by flags like `androidboot.force_normal_boot=1` be met at kernel command line level, instead of entering maintenance modes such as recovery, systems will continue progressing towards full operational status (i.e., starting regular user sessions). #### Role of Init Configuration Files Regarding services categorized specifically as part of 'early' classes including animations critical very early in startup processes until shutdown phases without guaranteed access to certain storage areas (`/data`) unless absolutely required momentarily; these considerations come directly out of directives found within configuration files like `init.rc` where service behaviors along with timing relative to other activities throughout power-on sequences can be precisely controlled[^2]. ```mermaid sequenceDiagram participant Kernel participant InitProcess participant FirstStageRamdisk participant SystemImage Note over Kernel: Detect force_normal_boot flag Kernel->>InitProcess: Start first stage init (/init from recovery ramdisk) InitProcess->>FirstStageRamdisk: Switch root to /first_stage_ramdisk FirstStageRamdisk-->>SystemImage: Load system.img alt If androidboot.force_normal_boot=1 SystemImage->>Kernel: Proceed with normal boot procedure else SystemImage->>RecoveryMode: Enter recovery mode end ``` This diagram illustrates key moments when different segments become active leading up to either completing a typical start cycle or diverting paths toward specialized states depending upon detected parameters present during hardware activation events.
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