第十一章Spring练习1教材setter和构造器注入

一、setter注入（教材248-249）

1、创建名为“11-1”的动态web项目，首先创建用户的JavaBean，代码如下：

package com.mr.user;

public class User {
    
    private String name;//用户姓名
    private Integer age;//年龄
    private String sex;//性别

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

2、在Spring的配置文件“applicationContext.xml”中配置该JavaBean

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<!--  User Bean  -->
<bean name="user" class="com.mr.user.User">
<property name="name">
<value>周雨彤</value>
</property>
<property name="age">
<value>19</value>
</property>
<property name="sex">
<value>女</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

上面的代码中，<value>标签用于为name属性赋值，在成对的<value>标签中放入数值或是其他赋值标签，Spring就会把这个标签提供的属性值注入指定的JavaBean中。

3、导入所需的jar包

4、创建package com.mr.servlet，class ManagerServlet，获取Bean，并输送用户信息，代码如下 

 

package com.mr.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.mr.user.User;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class ManagerServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/ManagerServlet")
public class ManagerServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public ManagerServlet() {
        super();
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //装载配置文件
        User user = (User) factory.getBean("user");                                    //获取Bean
        System.out.println("用户姓名——"+user.getName());//输出用户的姓名
        System.out.println("用户年龄——"+user.getAge());//输出用户的年龄
        System.out.println("用户性别——"+user.getSex());//输出用户的性别		
	}

}

 关键代码：

 ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //装载配置文件
        User user = (User) factory.getBean("user");                                    //获取Bean
        System.out.println("用户姓名——"+user.getName());//输出用户的姓名
        System.out.println("用户年龄——"+user.getAge());//输出用户的年龄
        System.out.println("用户性别——"+user.getSex());//输出用户的性别	

5、运行得到

 二、构造器注入

1、在用户JavaBean中创建构造方法

package com.mr.user;

public class User {
    private String name;							//用户姓名
    private Integer age;							//年龄
    private String sex;								//性别
    //构造方法
    public User(String name,Integer age,String sex){
        this.name=name;
        this.age=age;
        this.sex=sex;
    }
    //输出JavaBean的属性值方法
    public void printInfo(){
        System.out.println("用户姓名——"+name);		//输出用户的姓名
        System.out.println("用户年龄——"+age);			//输出用户的年龄
        System.out.println("用户性别——"+sex);			//输出用户的性别
    }
}

2、applicationcontext.xml中的通过<constructor-arg>元素为JavaBean的属性赋值

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<!--  User Bean  -->
<bean name="user" class="com.mr.user.User">
<constructor-arg>
<value>周雨彤</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<value>19</value>
</constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<value>女</value>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>

3、创建ManagerServlet的Servlet，调用Bean对象的printinfo()方法输送用户信息

package com.mr.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.mr.user.User;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class ManagerServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/ManagerServlet")
public class ManagerServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public ManagerServlet() {
        super();
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //装载配置文件
        User user = (User) factory.getBean("user");            				//获取Bean
        user.printInfo();												//输出JavaBean的属性值
	}

}

关键代码如下：

ApplicationContext factory=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //装载配置文件
        User user = (User) factory.getBean("user");            				//获取Bean
        user.printInfo();												//输出JavaBean的属性值

4、运行得到