特性：多态

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age ;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void show(){
        System.out.println(name + "," + age);
    }
}

public class Student extends Person{

    @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("学生的信息为：" + getName() + "," + getAge());
    }
}

public class Teacher extends Person{

    @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("老师的信息为：" + getName() + "," + getAge());
    }
}

public class Administrator extends Person{
    @Override
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("管理员的信息为：" + getName() + "," + getAge());
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建三个学生对象，并调用register方法
        Student s = new Student();
        s.setName("张三");
        s.setAge(18);

        Teacher t = new Teacher();
        t.setName("王建国");
        t.setAge(30);

        Administrator admin = new Administrator();
        admin.setName("管理员");
        admin.setAge(35);


        register(s);
        register(t);
        register(admin);
    }

    //这个方法既能接收老师又能接收学生，还能接收管理员
    //只能把参数写成这三个类型的父类
    public static void register(Person p){
        p.show();
    }
}

 

 

练习：

public abstract class Animal {

    /*属性:年龄,颜色
    行为:eat(String something)(something表示吃的东西)*/
    private int age;
    private String color;

    public Animal() {
    }

    public Animal(int age, String color) {
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    //行为
    public void eat(String something) {
        System.out.println("动物在吃" + something);//ctrl+alt+l 格式化
    }

}

public class Dog extends Animal {

    /*属性:年龄,颜色
    行为:eat(String something)(something表示吃的东西)
    看家lookHome方法(无参数)*/
    public Dog() {
    }

    public Dog(int age, String color) {
        super(age, color);
    }


    @Override
    public void eat(String something) {
        System.out.println(getAge() + "岁的" + getColor() + "颜色的两只前腿死死的抱住" + something + "猛吃");
    }

    //独有的行为
    public void lookHouse() {
        System.out.println("狗在看家");
    }

}

public class Cat extends Animal {
    /*定义猫类
    属性:年龄,颜色
    行为:eat(String something)方法(something表示吃的东西)
    逮老鼠catchMouse方法(无参数)*/
    public Cat() {
    }

    public Cat(int age, String color) {
        super(age, color);
    }


    @Override
    public void eat(String something) {
        System.out.println(getAge() + "岁的" + getColor() + "颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃" + something);
    }

    public void catchMouse() {
        System.out.println("猫在抓老鼠");
    }
}

public class Person {

    /*定义Person类//饲养员
    属性:姓名,年龄
    行为:keepPet(Dog dog,String something)
    功能:喂养宠物狗,something表示喂养的东西
    行为:keepPet(Cat cat,String something)
    功能:喂养宠物猫,something表示喂养的东西
            生成空参有参构造,set和get方法*/
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    //行为

    /*keepPet(Dog dog,String something)方法打印内容如下:
    年龄为30岁的老王养了一只黑颜色的2岁的狗//对饲养员的描述
    2岁的黑颜色的狗两只前腿死死的抱住骨头猛吃//对狗吃东西的描述
    keepPet(Cat cat,String something)方法打印内容如下:
    年龄为25岁的老李养了一只灰颜色的3岁的猫
    3岁的灰颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃鱼*/
    /*public void keepPet(Dog dog, String something) {
        System.out.println("年龄为" + age + "岁的" + getName() + "养了一只" + dog.getColor() + "颜色的" + dog.getAge() + "岁的狗");
        dog.eat(something);
    }
    //方法重载
    public void keepPet(Cat cat, String something) {
        System.out.println("年龄为" + getAge() + "岁的" + getName() + "养了一只" + cat.getColor() + "颜色的" + cat.getAge() + "岁的猫");
        cat.eat(something);
    }*/

    //jdk16的新特性 现在是1.8
    /*public void keepPet(Animal a, String something) {
        if(a instanceof Dog d){
            System.out.println("年龄为" + age + "岁的" + getName() + "养了一只" + a.getColor() + "颜色的" + a.getAge() + "岁的狗");
            a.eat(something);
        }else if (a instanceof Cat c){
            System.out.println("年龄为" + getAge() + "岁的" + getName() + "养了一只" + a.getColor() + "颜色的" + a.getAge() + "岁的猫");
            a.eat(something);
        }else {
            System.out.println("没有这种动物");
        }*/
    public void keepPet(Animal a, String something) {
        if (a instanceof Dog) {
            Dog dog = (Dog) a; //强制转换 a大转dog小
            System.out.println("年龄为" + age + "岁的" + getName() + "养了一只" + a.getColor() + "颜色的" + a.getAge() + "岁的狗");
            a.eat(something);
        } else if (a instanceof Cat) {
            Cat cat = (Cat) a;
            System.out.println("年龄为" + getAge() + "岁的" + getName() + "养了一只" + a.getColor() + "颜色的" + a.getAge() + "岁的猫");
            a.eat(something);
        } else {
            System.out.println("没有这种动物");
        }
    }
}

public class Test {
    //shift + F6 批量修改

    /*根据需求完成代码:
    1.定义狗类
    属性:年龄,颜色
    行为:eat(String something)(something表示吃的东西)
    看家lookHome方法(无参数)
    2.定义猫类
    属性:年龄,颜色
    行为:eat(String something)方法(something表示吃的东西)
    逮老鼠catchMouse方法(无参数)
    3.定义Person类//饲养员
    属性:姓名,年龄
    行为:keepPet(Dog dog,String something)
    功能:喂养宠物狗,something表示喂养的东西
    行为:keepPet(Cat cat,String something)
    功能:喂养宠物猫,something表示喂养的东西
     生成空参有参构造,set和get方法
    4.定义测试类(完成以下打印效果):
    keepPet(Dog dog,String something)方法打印内容如下:
    年龄为30岁的老王养了一只黑颜色的2岁的狗//对饲养员的描述
    2岁的黑颜色的狗两只前腿死死的抱住骨头猛吃//对狗吃东西的描述
    keepPet(Cat cat,String something)方法打印内容如下:
    年龄为25岁的老李养了一只灰颜色的3岁的猫
    3岁的灰颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃鱼
    5.思考:1.Dog和Cat都是Animal的子类,以上案例中针对不同的动物,定义了不同的keepPet方法,过于繁琐,能否简化,并体会简化后的好处?
            2.Dog和Cat虽然都是Animal的子类,但是都有其特有方法,能否想办法在keepPet中调用特有方法?*/

    //创建对象并赋值调用
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Person p1 = new Person("老王", 30);
        Person p2 = new Person("老李", 25);
        Dog dog = new Dog(2,"黑");
        /*dog.setAge(2);
        dog.setColor("黑");*/
        p1.keepPet(dog,"骨头");



        Cat cat = new Cat();
        cat.setAge(3);
        cat.setColor("灰");
        p2.keepPet(cat,"小鱼干");






    }


}