vlanif实现不同vlan之间的通信

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已于 2023-10-09 11:25:19 修改

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分类专栏： # HCNP路由交换文章标签：网络

于 2023-10-09 11:22:48 首次发布

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【实验目的】

1.实现网络隔离：通过将不同的设备连接到不同的VLAN，可以将它们隔离在不同的虚拟网络中，提高网络的安全性和管理灵活性。

2.提供逻辑分组：将不同功能的设备分组到不同的VLAN，可以提供更好的逻辑分组，方便管理和配置。

3.减少广播风暴：每个VLAN都有自己的广播域，可以减少广播报文在整个网络中传播，提高网络性能和带宽利用率。

4.提供灵活的网络架构：通过使用vlanif接口，可以根据需要进行VLAN之间的通信配置，实现更灵活的网络架构。

【实验拓扑】

【需求分析】

PC1和PC2属于不同的vlan。
实现PC1和PC2之间的通信。

【实现方法】

1.在三层交换机上配置VLANIF接口来实现VLAN间路由。

2.如果网络上有多个VLAN，则需要给每个VLAN配置一个VLANIF接口，并给每个VLANIF接口配置一个IP地址。

3.用户设置的缺省网关就是三层交换机中VLANIF接口的IP地址。

【PC配置】

【交换机配置】

【SW1配置】-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please press enter to start cmd line!

<Huawei>sys

Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[Huawei]sys SW1
[SW1]
Oct  9 2023 10:40:21-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]
Oct  9 2023 10:44:31-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1]int e 0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]
Oct  9 2023 10:47:41-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]
Oct  9 2023 10:49:51-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2

[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]
Oct  9 2023 10:50:21-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]dis this
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 2
#
return
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]
Oct  9 2023 10:54:21-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.

[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]q
[SW1]
Oct  9 2023 10:54:51-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1]int vlanif2
[SW1-Vlanif2]
Oct  9 2023 10:55:00-08:00 SW1 %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[53]:Interface Vlanif2 has
 turned into UP state.
[SW1-Vlanif2]ip add 10.1.1.254 24
[SW1-Vlanif2]
Oct  9 2023 10:55:13-08:00 SW1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[54]:The line protocol I
P on the interface Vlanif2 has entered the UP state.
[SW1-Vlanif2]
Oct  9 2023 10:55:21-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 11, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1-Vlanif2]int vlanif3
[SW1-Vlanif3]
Oct  9 2023 10:56:33-08:00 SW1 %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[55]:Interface Vlanif3 has
 turned into UP state.

[SW1-Vlanif3]ip add 10.2.2.254 24
[SW1-Vlanif3]
Oct  9 2023 10:56:50-08:00 SW1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[56]:The line protocol I
P on the interface Vlanif3 has entered the UP state.
Oct  9 2023 10:56:51-08:00 SW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 12, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW1-Vlanif3]
Oct  9 2023 11:07:56-08:00 SW1 %%01ARP/4/ARP_DUPLICATE_IPADDR(l)[57]:Received an
 ARP packet with a duplicate IP address from the interface. (IpAddress=10.1.1.25
4, InterfaceName=Vlanif2, MacAddress=4c1f-cc89-5cbd)
Oct  9 2023 11:08:11-08:00 SW1 %%01ARP/4/ARP_DUPLICATE_IPADDR(l)[58]:Received an
 ARP packet with a duplicate IP address from the interface. (IpAddress=10.2.2.25
4, InterfaceName=Vlanif3, MacAddress=4c1f-cc89-5cbd) User interface con0 is available

Please Press ENTER.

【SW2配置】-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The device is running!

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys SW2
[SW2]
Oct  9 2023 10:44:36-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]
Oct  9 2023 10:44:46-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.

[SW2]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]
Oct  9 2023 10:47:26-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2]int e0/0/2
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]
Oct  9 2023 10:49:36-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. User interface con0 is available

[SW2]int e0/0/2
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]
Oct  9 2023 11:05:47-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/1
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]
Oct  9 2023 11:06:07-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.

[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]q
[SW2]int vlanif 2
[SW2-Vlanif2]
Oct  9 2023 11:07:37-08:00 SW2 %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[0]:Interface Vlanif2 has 
turned into UP state.
Oct  9 2023 11:07:37-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2-Vlanif2]ip add 10.1.1.254 24
[SW2-Vlanif2]
Oct  9 2023 11:07:56-08:00 SW2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
 on the interface Vlanif2 has entered the UP state.
Oct  9 2023 11:07:57-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 11, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[SW2-Vlanif2]int vlanif3
[SW2-Vlanif3]
Oct  9 2023 11:08:01-08:00 SW2 %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[2]:Interface Vlanif3 has 
turned into UP state.
[SW2-Vlanif3]ip add 10.2.2.254 24
[SW2-Vlanif3]
Oct  9 2023 11:08:11-08:00 SW2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
 on the interface Vlanif3 has entered the UP state.
[SW2-Vlanif3]
Oct  9 2023 11:08:17-08:00 SW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 12, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
Oct  9 2023 11:08:27-08:00 SW2 %%01ARP/4/ARP_DUPLICATE_IPADDR(l)[4]:Received an 
ARP packet with a duplicate IP address from the interface. (IpAddress=10.1.1.254
, InterfaceName=Vlanif2, MacAddress=4c1f-ccfc-7a54)
Oct  9 2023 11:09:07-08:00 SW2 %%01ARP/4/ARP_DUPLICATE_IPADDR(l)[5]:Received an 
ARP packet with a duplicate IP address from the interface. (IpAddress=10.2.2.254
, InterfaceName=Vlanif3, MacAddress=4c1f-ccfc-7a54)

【连通性测试】

【实验小结】

在使用vlanif实现不同vlan之间通信的实验过程中，需要注意以下几点：

1. 首先需要在交换机上进行vlan划分，并将对应端口加入到相应的vlan中。

2. 然后在路由器上创建不同的vlanif，并设置对应的IP地址。

3. 接着需要在路由器上配置不同vlan之间的路由。

4. 最后在主机上配置对应vlan的IP地址，即可实现不同vlan之间的通信。

需要注意的是，在配置过程中还需注意防火墙等其他网络配置，避免影响通信效果。

【总结】
1.使用vlanif实现不同vlan之间通信的步骤
①配置pc的ip、掩码、网关；
②交换机之间配置为trunk接口，设置可以通过的vlan；
③设置连接pc的接口的类型为access和vlanid；
④在交换机上配置vlanif的ip
2.上述步骤对应的配置命令
①双击pc配置
②port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
③port link-type access
 port default vlan 2
④int vlanif2
 ip add 10.1.1.254 24