1.引用的基本语法
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a = 10;
int& b = a;
cout << "a =" << a << endl;
cout << "b =" << b << endl;
b = 100;
cout << "a =" << a << endl;
cout << "b =" << b << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2.引用必须初始化
引用在初始化后,不可以改变
3.引用做函数参数
代码样例:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//1.值传递
void mySwap01(int a, int b)
{
int temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
//2.地址传递
void mySwap02(int *a, int *b)
{
int temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
//3.引用传递
void mySwap03(int &a, int &b)
{
int temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
int main()
{
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
mySwap01(a, b);
mySwap02(&a, &b);
mySwap03(a, b);
cout << "a =" << a << endl;
cout << "b =" << b << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4.引用做函数返回值
如果函数的返回值是引用,这个函数调用可以作为左值
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int& test01()
{
int a = 10;
return a;
}
//函数的调用作为左值
int& test02()
{
static int a = 10;
return a;
}
int main()
{
//int& ref = test01();
//cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;//正确
//cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;//错误
int& ref = test02();
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
//函数调用作为左值并且关于1000
//如果函数的返回值是引用,这个函数调用可以作为左值
test02() = 1000;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
cout << "ref = " << ref << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}