字典
使用字典、遍历字典、集合
使用字典:
resume = {'last_name':'yang','age':19} #创建字典
print(resume)
l_name = resume['last_name'] #访问字典中的值
print(f"My last name is {l_name}.")
resume['hometown'] = 'dali' #添加键值对
print(resume) #字典中元素的排列顺序与定义时相同
resume['age'] = 20 #修改字典中的值
print(resume)
del resume['hometown'] #删除键值对
print(resume)
hometown = resume.get('homwtown','unknown') #使用方法get()在指定的键不存在时返回一个默认值,从而避免语法错误
print(hometown) #调用get(),若未指定第二个参数且指定的键不存在,将返回值None
遍历字典:遍历所有键值对、遍历所有键、遍历所有值
#遍历所有键值对
resume = {'last_name':'yang','age':19,'hometown':'dali'}
for key,value in resume.items(): #方法items()返回一个键值对列表
print(f"key:{key}")
print(f"value:{value}\n")
#遍历字典中的所有键
favorite_numbers = {'patton':12,'nicole':7,'anthony':44,'zane':11}
for name in favorite_numbers.keys(): #方法keys()返回一个包含字典中所有键的列表
print(name)
for name in favorite_numbers:
print(name) #遍历字典时,默认遍历所有键
for name in favorite_numbers.keys():
number = favorite_numbers[name] #将name的当前值作为键
print(f"{name.title()},I see you love {number}!")
#按特定顺序遍历字典中的所有键
favorite_numbers = {'patton':12,'nicole':7,'anthony':44,'zane':11}
for name in sorted(favorite_numbers.keys()): #使用sorted()来获得按特定顺序排列的键的副本
print(f"{name.title()},I see you like {favorite_numbers[name]}.")
#遍历字典中的所有值
favorite_numbers = {'patton':12,'nicole':7,'anthony':44,'zane':7}
for number in favorite_numbers.values(): #方法values()返回一个值列表
print(number)
for number in set(favorite_numbers.values()): #使用集合(set)剔除重复项
print(number)
names = {'gygnus','starlight','twinkle','stellar'} #创建集合
print(names) #集合中的每个元素都必须是独一无二的
#不同于列表和字典,集合不会以特定的顺序存储元素
嵌套还没整理,累了,放在下一篇【Python日记】 里吧~~~