1.先在redhut虚拟机上添加硬盘
启动虚拟机查看分区情况
fdisk命令
具体情况可以查看下面链接
按照上面可以创建不同的分区
问题:
在创建完成之后我进行物理卷的创建的时候,我遇到了问题
pvcreate /dev/sdb
系统提示发生报错:
Device /dev/sdb excluded by a filter.
解决方法:
导致问题的原因是添加的磁盘是在另一个虚拟机中新建的,已经有了分区表,现在的虚拟机并不能识别磁盘的分区表,运行parted命令重做分区表,中途需要输入三次命令。
root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel msdos
Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sdb will be destroyed and all data on
this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
Yes/No? yes
(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
再次分区就可以啦
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
WARNING: dos signature detected on /dev/sdb at offset 510. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping dos signature on /dev/sdb.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
pvcreate 创建物理卷
pvcreate 命令用于创建物理卷,即创建PV,这是lvm技术里常用的一个命令,其语法格式如下:
#可以直接将一块磁盘或磁盘分区进行格式为pv,直接将磁盘格式化为pv没必要分区
pvcreate [option] /dev/sdb /dev/sdc1
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc #直接将磁盘或某个分区转化为物理卷,
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
创建多个物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc{1,2,3,4}
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdc2" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdc3" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdc4" successfully created.
pvs、pvdisplay、pvscan 查看物理卷信息
pvs、pvdisplay、pvscan 这三个命令都可以查看系统中有哪些物理卷PV,其输入的信息详细情况有所不同而已,语法格式如下:
1.pvs [参数]
2.pvdisplay [参数]
3.pvscan [参数]
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1 vg1000 lvm2 a-- 8.00m 0
/dev/sdb2 vg1000 lvm2 a-- 16.00m 16.00m
/dev/sdc2 lvm2 --- 27.05m 27.05m
/dev/sdc3 lvm2 --- <271.00m <271.00m
/dev/sdc4 lvm2 --- <210.88m <210.88m
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name vg1000
PV Size 9.00 MiB / not usable 1.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 2
PV UUID NDdTmH-uEqP-scoH-P8g9-lqDJ-3JoW-Y9DpN9
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name vg1000
PV Size 18.24 MiB / not usable 2.24 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4
Free PE 4
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID q8hyLJ-Fhjt-tKAC-YzSX-9Vjc-7PDn-DIFLDR
"/dev/sdc2" is a new physical volume of "27.05 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc2
VG Name
PV Size 27.05 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID CLavRr-54PN-ww0V-w96x-aIdF-44d0-jmaIaj
"/dev/sdc3" is a new physical volume of "<271.00 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc3
VG Name
PV Size <271.00 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 49PiOf-j6Ke-X5s5-gfdF-qcMd-5afr-Tkg2mL
"/dev/sdc4" is a new physical volume of "<210.88 MiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc4
VG Name
PV Size <210.88 MiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID WO0mUW-BCex-DwYV-7Q3j-eXei-06Oc-OlLfGT
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb1 VG vg1000 lvm2 [8.00 MiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg1000 lvm2 [16.00 MiB / 16.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdc2 lvm2 [27.05 MiB]
PV /dev/sdc3 lvm2 [<271.00 MiB]
PV /dev/sdc4 lvm2 [<210.88 MiB]
Total: 5 [<532.93 MiB] / in use: 2 [24.00 MiB] / in no VG: 3 [<508.93 MiB]
vgcreate 创建卷组
vgcreate 命令用于创建卷组,这是lvm技术中最常用的一个命令,语法格式如下:
vgcreate [参数] 卷组名 物理卷1 物理卷2 .....
-s 指定物理卷中PE的大小,PE可取值 4M(默认值)、8M、16M、32M、64M
演示示例:
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vg1000 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
Volume group "vg1000" successfully created
vgs、vgdisplay、vgscan 查看卷组
vgs、vgdisplay、vgscan 这3个命令都可以查看卷组的信息,输出内容有详细简略之分而已,其语法格式如下:
- vgs [参数]
- vgdisplay [参数]
- vgscan [参数]
参数:
一般不用写参数,不指定卷组默认输出全部卷组信息。
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1000 2 1 0 wz--n- 24.00m 16.00m
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg1000
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 24.00 MiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 6
Alloc PE / Size 2 / 8.00 MiB
Free PE / Size 4 / 16.00 MiB
VG UUID FVFH5S-i6ec-uPJE-vwZO-VPPv-EWiF-sCdAZc
[root@localhost ~]# vgscan
Reading volume groups from cache.
Found volume group "vg1000" using metadata type lvm2
lvcreate 创建逻辑卷
lvcreate 命令用于创建逻辑卷,这是lvm技术中最常用的命令,其语法格式如下:
lvcreate [参数] 卷组名
ps:lvcreate创建一个逻辑卷需要指定卷组,表示在哪个卷组之上创建逻辑卷;
常用参数:
- 1 -n :指定逻辑卷名称,如 -n lv_data ;
- 2 -L :指定逻辑卷的大小,如 -L 10G,单位可以是bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE;
- 3 -l :使用LE个数来指定逻辑卷的大小,如 -l 200,表示使用200个LE来创建逻辑卷,一般的我们最常用的是-L 来直接指定逻辑卷大小即可。这里重点
说明LE是什么,PE是在卷组中的叫法,而LE是在逻辑卷中的叫法,两者是一一对应的。
-l参数还有一种直接使用剩余空间的百分比的形式来给定大小,如 -l +100%FREE
演示示例:
[root@localhost ~]# vgs #先查看有哪些卷组,如下已经在cl上创建了一个个lv
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1000 2 0 0 wz--n- 24.00m 24.00m
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 5 -n linuxcool vg1000
#在名为 vg1000的卷组中创建大小为 5MB 的逻辑卷,并命名为 linuxcool:
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 2500 -n linuxcool vg1000
Volume group "vg1000" has insufficient free space (6 extents): 625 required.
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 5 -n linuxcool vg1000
Rounding up size to full physical extent 8.00 MiB
Logical volume "linuxcool" created.
使用卷组剩下的所有空间创建逻辑卷:[root@linuxcool ~]# lvcreate -name lvcool -l 100%FREE vg_newlvm
lvs、lvdisplay、lvscan 查看逻辑卷
lvs、lvdisplay、lvscan
命令用于查看逻辑卷信息,语法格式如下:
- lvs [参数]
- lvdisplay [参数]
- lvscan [参数]
常用参数:
一般不用写参数,默认输出显示全部的逻辑卷信息。
演示示例:
[root@localhost ~]# vgscan
Reading volume groups from cache.
Found volume group "vg1000" using metadata type lvm2
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
linuxcool vg1000 -wi-a----- 8.00m
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg1000/linuxcool
LV Name linuxcool
VG Name vg1000
LV UUID 8HpRK4-cdHf-Tu76-2UQh-d5TL-p6YP-2xKmz2
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2023-10-17 17:59:51 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 8.00 MiB
Current LE 2
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
[root@localhost ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/vg1000/linuxcool' [8.00 MiB] inherit