JavaWeb教程（三）——服务端转发和客户端重定向

肤浅676

已于 2023-08-15 17:09:38 修改

阅读量107

点赞数

文章标签：大数据

于 2023-08-14 18:03:23 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_64098327/article/details/132281223

版权

1、准备

登录页面及servlet处理


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/0105/login" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br>
密码：<input type="password" name="pwd"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>

LoginServlet.java



import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import dao.PersonDao;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class LoginServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		String name=request.getParameter("name");
		String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd");
		
		PersonDao dao=new PersonDao();
		if(dao.login(name, pwd)) {
			response.getWriter().write("登陆成功");
		}
		else {
			response.getWriter().write("用户名密码输入错误！");
		}
		
	}

}

PersonDao.java

package dao;

import pojo.Person;

public class PersonDao {
	public void savePerson(Person per) {
		//保存数据库的操作
		System.out.println(per+"   已保存到数据库！");
	}
	public boolean login(String name,String pwd) {
		//数据库校验
		if (name.startsWith("it")&&pwd.startsWith("123")) {
			return true;
		}
		else {
			return false;
		}
	}
}

JavaWeb中的转向

1、服务器端转发——RequestDispatcher

地址栏不发生变化

只发一次请求，返回一个响应

可以通过request.set(get)Attribute进行数据的传递

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		String name=request.getParameter("name");
		String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd");
		
		PersonDao dao=new PersonDao();
		if(dao.login(name, pwd)) {
//			response.getWriter().write("登陆成功");
			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/ok.jsp");
			rd.forward(request, response);
//			response.sendRedirect("ok.jsp");
		}
		else {
//			response.getWriter().write("用户名密码输入错误！");
			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/loginerror.jsp");
			rd.forward(request, response);
//			response.sendRedirect("loginerror.jsp");
		}
		
	}

2、客户端重定向

地址栏会发生变化

发送两次请求，返回两次响应

不能通过request.set(get)Attribute进行数据的传递

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		String name=request.getParameter("name");
		String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd");
		
		PersonDao dao=new PersonDao();
		if(dao.login(name, pwd)) {
//			response.getWriter().write("登陆成功");
//			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/ok.jsp");
//			rd.forward(request, response);
			response.sendRedirect("ok.jsp");
		}
		else {
//			response.getWriter().write("用户名密码输入错误！");
//			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/loginerror.jsp");
//			rd.forward(request, response);
			response.sendRedirect("loginerror.jsp");
		}
		
	}

将变量信息保存到request中，传参

1、request.setAttribute

LoginServlet.java

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		String name=request.getParameter("name");
		String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd");
		
		
		PersonDao dao=new PersonDao();
		if(dao.login(name, pwd)) {
//			response.getWriter().write("登陆成功");
			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/ok.jsp");
			request.setAttribute("name", name);//将name变量放入request中，可在后续文件获取
			rd.forward(request, response);
//			response.sendRedirect("ok.jsp");
		}
		else {
//			response.getWriter().write("用户名密码输入错误！");
			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/loginerror.jsp");
			rd.forward(request, response);
//			response.sendRedirect("loginerror.jsp");
		}
		
	}

ok.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%=request.getAttribute("name") %>,登陆成功！
</body>
</html>

2、地址栏参数

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		String name=request.getParameter("name");
		String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd");
		
		
		PersonDao dao=new PersonDao();
		if(dao.login(name, pwd)) {
//			response.getWriter().write("登陆成功");
			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/ok.jsp?name="+name);
//			request.setAttribute("name", name);//将name变量放入request中，可在后续文件获取
			rd.forward(request, response);
//			response.sendRedirect("ok.jsp");
		}
		else {
//			response.getWriter().write("用户名密码输入错误！");
			RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/loginerror.jsp");
			rd.forward(request, response);
//			response.sendRedirect("loginerror.jsp");
		}
		
	}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%=request.getParameter("name") %>,登陆成功！
</body>
</html>