ensp实验四:OSPF动态路由1

一、实验目的

1、掌握动态路由配置方法；

2、查看路由表

二、设备需求

本实验需要以下设备：

1、路由器4台。

2、PC机2台；

三、实验拓扑

四、实验步骤

1、根据拓扑搭建实验环境。

2、路由器互联接口配置，地址表如下：

路由器	端口	IP
R1	GE 0/0/0	10.1.10.2/24
	GE 0/0/1	10.1.20.1/24
	Eth 0/0/0	192.168.10.1/24
R2	GE 0/0/0	10.1.10.1/24
	GE 0/0/1	10.1.30.2/24
R3	GE 0/0/0	10.1.20.2/24
	GE 0/0/1	10.1.30.1/24
	GE 0/0/2	10.1.40.1/24
R4	GE 0/0/0	10.1.40.2/24
	Eth 0/0/0	192.168.20.1/24
PC1	Fa0/0	192.168.10.2/24
PC2	Fa0/0	192.168.20.2/24

R1

[Huawei]
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]inte giga0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.10.2 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]inte giga0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.20.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]inte Ethernet0/0/0
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.1 24

R2

[Huawei]
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]inte giga0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.10.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]inte giga0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.30.2 24

R3

<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]inte giga0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.20.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]inte giga0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.1.30.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]inte giga0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.1.40.1 24

R4

<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]inte giga0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.40.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]inte Eth0/0/0
[R4-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.20.1 24

3、不做路由配置，用ping命令测试路由器之间的连通性（路由器任何一个接口地址能通都可以代表改路由器可达），同时在PC1和PC2上跟踪路由

PC1：tracert 192.168.20.2

PC2：tracert 192.168.10.2

以R1 ping R2、R3为例

4、在R1、R2、R3上查看路由表

[R2]disp ip routing-table ！以查看R2路由表为例

第三个实验基础上 使用 undo ip route-static all 命令可以删除前文第一个实验配置的静态路由。这样可以减小工作量。

 5、配置动态路由

R1配置动态路由

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[R1-ospf-1]area 0

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.255

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.20.0 0.0.0.255

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255

R2配置动态路由

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1

[R2-ospf-1]area 0

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.255

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.30.0 0.0.0.255

R3配置动态路由

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[R3-ospf-1]area 0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.20.0 0.0.0.255

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.30.0 0.0.0.255

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.40.0 0.0.0.255

R4配置动态路由

[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[R4-ospf-1]area 0

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.40.0 0.0.0.255

[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255

6、在各路由器上查看邻居和学习到的路由，并记录路由的cost值。

以R3为例：

[R3]display ospf peer

[R3]display ip routing-table protocol ospf

7、PC1和PC2互ping验证连通性。所有路由器端口互ping验证连通性

五、实验成果

1、掌握ospf配置

3、掌握邻居表和路由表的查看

六、实验遇到的问题

1、配置路由器R4端口GE0/0/0的ip时错误配置在GE0/0/1上

解决办法：使用命令清除配置信息

[R4] inte giga0/0/1     !进入GE0/0/1端口
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] clear configuration interface giga0/0/1   ！清除GE0/0/1端口的配置
Warning: All configurations of the interface will be cleared, and its state will
 be shutdown. Continue? [Y/N] :y            ！出现该警告时输入Y
Info: Total execute 1 command(s), 1 successful, 0 failed.

2、配置完端口后如何检查有无错误

解决办法：使用命令查看端口ip简要信息(以R4为例)

[R4] display ip interface brief  !查看R4的端口IP信息
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(d): Dampening Suppressed
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
Ethernet0/0/0                     192.168.20.1/24      up         up        
Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              10.1.40.2/24         up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/3              unassigned           down       down      
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
Serial0/0/0                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/1                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/2                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/3                       unassigned           down       down      
[R4]

3、设置完ospf配置后pc1,pc2之间无法ping通

原因：没有设置pc1,2的网关（pc网关就是路由器连接该pc的端口的ip）