class Array2D:
"""
说明:
1.构造方法需要两个参数,即二维数组的宽和高
2.成员变量w和h是二维数组的宽和高
3.使用:‘对象[x][y]’可以直接取到相应的值
4.数组的默认值都是0
"""
def __init__(self, w, h):
self.w = w
self.h = h
self.data = []
self.data = [[0 for y in range(h)] for x in range(w)]
def showArray2D(self):
for y in range(self.h):
for x in range(self.w):
print(self.data[x][y], end=' ')
print("")
def __getitem__(self, item):
return self.data[item]
class Point:
"""
表示一个点
"""
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
def __eq__(self, other):
if self.x == other.x and self.y == other.y:
return True
return False
def __str__(self):
return "x:" + str(self.x) + ",y:" + str(self.y)
class AStar:
"""
AStar算法的Python3.x实现
"""
class Node: # 描述AStar算法中的节点数据
def __init__(self, point, endPoint, g=0):
self.point = point # 自己的坐标
self.father = None # 父节点
self.endPoint = endPoint
self.g = g # g值,g值在用到的时候会重新算
self.h = (abs(endPoint.x - point.x) + abs(endPoint.y - point.y)) * 10 # 计算h值
def __init__(self, map2d, startPoint, endPoint, passTag=0):
"""
构造AStar算法的启动条件
:param map2d: Array2D类型的寻路数组
:param startPoint: Point或二元组类型的寻路起点
:param endPoint: Point或二元组类型的寻路终点
:param passTag: int类型的可行走标记(若地图数据!=passTag即为障碍)
"""
# 开启表
self.openList = []
# 关闭表
self.closeList = []
# 寻路地图
self.map2d = map2d
# 起点终点
# ********** Begin **********#
self.startPoint = startPoint
self.endPoint = endPoint
# ********** End **********#
# 可行走标记
self.passTag = passTag
def getMinNode(self):
"""
获得openlist中F值最小的节点
:return: Node
"""
# ********** Begin **********#
nowf = self.openList[0]
minf=self.openList[0].g +self.openList[0].h
for i in self.openList:
if minf > i.g + i.h:
minf = i.g + i.h
nowf = i
return nowf
# ********** End **********#
def pointInCloseList(self, point):
for node in self.closeList:
if node.point == point:
return True
return False
def pointInOpenList(self, point):
for node in self.openList:
if node.point == point:
return node
return None
def endPointInCloseList(self):
for node in self.openList:
if node.point == self.endPoint:
return node
return None
def searchNear(self, minF, offsetX, offsetY):
"""
搜索节点周围的点
:param minF:F值最小的节点
:param offsetX:坐标偏移量
:param offsetY:
:return:
"""
# 越界检测
# ********** Begin **********#
if minF.point.x + offsetX >= self.map2d.w or minF.point.y + offsetY >= self.map2d.h or minF.point.x + offsetX < 0 or minF.point.y + offsetY < 0:
return
# ********** End **********#
# 如果是障碍,就忽略
if self.map2d[minF.point.x + offsetX][minF.point.y + offsetY] != self.passTag:
return
# 如果在关闭表中,就忽略
currentPoint = Point(minF.point.x + offsetX, minF.point.y + offsetY)
currentNode = AStar.Node(currentPoint,self.endPoint)
if self.pointInCloseList(currentPoint):
return
# 设置单位花费
if offsetX == 0 or offsetY == 0:
step = 10
else:
step = 14
# 如果不再openList中,就把它加入openlist
# ********** Begin **********#
if not self.pointInOpenList(currentPoint):
# print(currentNode.g)
currentNode.g = step + minF.g
# print(currentNode)
currentNode.father = minF
self.openList.append(currentNode)
# ********** End **********#
# 如果在openList中,判断minF到当前点的G是否更小
if minF.g + step < currentNode.g: # 如果更小,就重新计算g值,并且改变father
currentNode.g = minF.g + step
currentNode.father = minF
def start(self):
"""
开始寻路
:return: None或Point列表(路径)
"""
# 判断寻路终点是否是障碍
if self.map2d[self.endPoint.x][self.endPoint.y] != self.passTag:
return None
# 1.将起点放入开启列表
startNode = AStar.Node(self.startPoint, self.endPoint)
self.openList.append(startNode)
# 2.主循环逻辑
while True:
# 找到F值最小的点
minF = self.getMinNode()
# 把这个点加入closeList中,并且在openList中删除它
self.closeList.append(minF)
self.openList.remove(minF)
# 判断这个节点的上下左右节点
# ********** Begin **********#
self.searchNear(minF,0,-1)
self.searchNear(minF,1,0)
self.searchNear(minF,-1,0)
self.searchNear(minF,0,1)
# ********** End **********#
# 判断是否终止
point = self.endPointInCloseList()
if point: # 如果终点在关闭表中,就返回结果
# print("关闭表中")
cPoint = point
pathList = []
while True:
if cPoint.father:
pathList.append(cPoint.point)
cPoint = cPoint.father
else:
return list(reversed(pathList))
if len(self.openList) == 0:
return None
A*搜索算法
最新推荐文章于 2024-09-06 22:05:33 发布