Linux第二次作业

1、文件查看：查看/opt/passwd文件的第6行（使用head和tail指令）

使用[root@localhost ~]# head -6 /opt/passwd查看第六行

但是没有文件，我们先创建一个

用vim在里面加一些内容

现在可以查看了

[root@localhost ~]# head -6 /opt/passwd

15315315135

153153153185646131

784

78641687541563413561

7417564175641

641897641783

2、在/etc及其子目录中，查找host开头的文件（使用find指令）

[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "*host*" -print0

/etc/host.conf/etc/hosts/etc/samba/lmhosts/etc/opt/chrome/native-messaging-hosts/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub/etc/avahi/hosts/etc/chromium/native-messaging-hosts/etc/nvme/hostnqn/etc/nvme/hostid/etc/hostname[root@localhost ~]# find /etc -name "*host*" -print

/etc/host.conf

/etc/hosts

/etc/samba/lmhosts

/etc/opt/chrome/native-messaging-hosts

/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key

/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub

/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key

/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub

/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub

/etc/avahi/hosts

/etc/chromium/native-messaging-hosts

/etc/nvme/hostnqn

/etc/nvme/hostid

/etc/hostname

若后跟-print0则不会分行，如图所示，二者区别在图中可看出来

3、查找文件 /usr/share/rhel.xml 中包含字符串 re 的所有行。将所有这些行的信息放在文件/root/files 中（使用grep指令和重定向符号>）

[root@localhost ~]# grep re /usr/share/rhel.xml

grep: /usr/share/rhel.xml: 没有那个文件或目录

[root@localhost ~]# grep re /usr/share/rhel/secrets/

etc-pki-entitlement/ redhat.repo          rhsm/

[root@localhost ~]# grep re /usr/share/rhel/secrets/redhat.repo

# *** This file is auto-generated.  Changes made here will be over-written. ***

# *** Use "subscription-manager repo-override --help" if you wish to make changes. ***

# a "yum repolist" to refresh available repos

[root@localhost ~]# grep re /usr/share/rhel/secrets/redhat.repo > /root/files

[root@localhost ~]# cat /root/files

# *** This file is auto-generated.  Changes made here will be over-written. ***

# *** Use "subscription-manager repo-override --help" if you wish to make changes. ***

# a "yum repolist" to refresh available repos

由于没有rhel.xml，查找文件变为rhel下的redhat.repo

结果如图

4、将整个 /etc 目录下的文件全部打包并用 gzip 压缩成/back/etcback.tar.gz(使用tar指令)

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc

[root@localhost etc]# cd /

[root@localhost /]# tar -czf /back/etcback.tar.gz etc

[root@localhost /]# cd

[root@localhost ~]# ll /back

总用量 6192

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6338113  4月 13 23:01 etcback.tar.gz

5、设置权限，要求如下：创建g1组，要求创建一个属于redhat用户g1组的文件redhat.txt（使用chown修改所属者和所属组）

[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# useradd redhat

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd g1+

groupadd：“g1+”不是有效的组名

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd g1

[root@localhost ~]# touch redhat.txt

[root@localhost ~]# chown :redhat redhat.txt

[root@localhost ~]# ll redhat.txt

-rw-r--r--. 1 root redhat 0  4月 13 23:06 redhat.txt

[root@localhost ~]#