HCIA-OSPF小实验-保姆级教程

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一、配置IP地址

要求1：划分172.16.0.0/16

要求2：每个路由器有自己的环回

1.r1的配置

<Huawei>undo terminal trapping

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname r1

[r1]interface s4/0/0

[r1-Serial4/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.1 18

[r1]interface LoopBack 0

[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.5.1 25

[r1-LoopBack0]q

[r1]interface LoopBack 1

[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.5.129 25

2.r2的配置

<Huawei>undo terminal trapping

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname r2

[r2]interface s4/0/0

[r2-Serial4/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.2 18

[r2-Serial4/0/0]q

[r2]interface g0/0/0

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.1 18

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r2]interface LoopBack 0

[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.0 25

[r2-LoopBack0]q

[r2]interface LoopBack 1

[r2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.129 25

3.r3的配置

<Huawei>undo terminal trapping

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname r3

[r3]interface g0/0/0

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.2 18

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r3]interface s4/0/0

[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 172.16.128.1 18

[r3-Serial4/0/0]q

[r3]interface LoopBack 0

[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.2.1 25

[r3-LoopBack0]q

[r3]interface LoopBack 1

[r3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.2.129 25

4.r4的配置

<Huawei>undo terminal trapping

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname r4

[r4]interface s4/0/0

[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 172.16.128.2 18

[r4-Serial4/0/0]q

[r4]interface s4/0/1

[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 172.16.192.1 18

[r4-Serial4/0/1]q

[r4]interface g0/0/0

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.3 18

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r4]interface LoopBack 0

[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.3.1 2

[r4-LoopBack0]q

[r4]interface LoopBack 1

[r4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.3.129 25

5.r5的配置

<Huawei>undo terminal trapping

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname r5

[r5]interface s4/0/0

[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 172.16.192.2 18

[r5-Serial4/0/0]q

[r5]interface g0/0/0

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.4 18

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r5]interface LoopBack 0

[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.4.1 25

[r5-LoopBack0]q

[r5]interface LoopBack 1

[r5-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.4.129 25

测试直连间是否通信：

在r2上测试：

在r4上测试：

二、动态路由的配置（OSPF协议）

要求6：区域划分如实验图，区域编号使用0、1、2

要求7：全网可达

1.r1的配置

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1

[r1-ospf-1]area 1

[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

2.r2的配置

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[r2-ospf-1]area 1

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q

[r2-ospf-1]area 0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0

3.r3的配置

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-ospf-1]area 0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.64.2 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.129 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q

[r3-ospf-1]area 2

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0

4.r4的配置

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[r4-ospf-1]area 0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.64.3 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.1 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.129 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q

[r4-ospf-1]area 2

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.192.1 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.128.2 0.0.0.0

5.r5的配置

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

[r5-ospf-1]area 0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.64.4 0.0.0.0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.1 0.0.0.0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.129 0.0.0.0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q

[r5-ospf-1]area 2

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.192.2 0.0.0.0

三、接口认证

要求4：R3-R4之间明文认证，R4-R5之间密文认证

R3的配置

[r3]interface s4/0/0

[r3-Serial4/0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher huawei

R4的配置

[r4]interface s4/0/0

[r4-Serial4/0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher huawei

[r4-Serial4/0/0]q

[r4]interface s4/0/1

[r4-Serial4/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei

R5的配置

[r5]interface s4/0/0

[r5-Serial4/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher huawei

四、缺省路由

要求5：r3存在环回100，ip为100.1.1.1/24，不能被宣告进ospf

r3的配置

[r3]interface loopback 3

[r3-LoopBack3]ip address 100.1.1.1 24

[r3-LoopBack3]q

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always

[r3-ospf-1]q

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 LoopBack 3

测试：

五、修改DR

要求3：R2-R5所在的MA网络中，只有R2是DR,其他都是DROTHER

r3的配置

[r3]interface g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

 r4的配置

[r4]interface g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

 r5的配置

 [r5]interface g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

查看谁是DR：