socket网络编程步骤
server端
1.socket创建套接字
2.bind为套接字写入信息(IP地址和端口号)
3.listen监听网络
4.监听到客户端连接时,接受一个连接
5.数据交互
6.关闭套接字断开连接
client端
1.socket
2.connect连接
3.数据交互
4.关闭
API
1.创建套接字
原型
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
2.bind
原型
#include <sys/types.h> /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr,socklen_t addrlen);
用于绑定ip地址与端口号给socket
参数sockfd为socket的描述符
addr 为socketaddr类型的结构体
第三参数为结构体长度
3.listen函数
4.aceept
5.客户端连接函数connect
例程
客户端通过IP地址与端口号建立连接后,服务端每隔一段时间发送心跳包,对应客户端可以收发信息给服务器。
server.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h> /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
//#include<linux/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
int s_fd;
int c_fd;
int n_read;
char readbuf[128];
int mark=0;
//char *msg="ok i got it for server";
char msg[128]={0};
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
memset(&s_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
//int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
s_fd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//1.ipv4 2.TCP协议
if(s_fd==-1)
{
perror("socket:");
exit(-1);
}
//socket获取套接字
//int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr,socklen_t addrlen);
s_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));//端口号,一般5000~8000 调用htons字节序转换api
//inet_aton//将asck码转换为网络字符
inet_aton(argv[1],&s_addr.sin_addr);
bind(s_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&s_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
//bind
listen(s_fd,10);//2.连接数
//listen
int clen=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
while(1)
{
mark++;
c_fd=accept(s_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&c_addr,&clen);
if(c_fd==-1)
{
perror("axept");
exit(-1);
}
printf("ok\n");
printf("get connet:%s \n",inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr));
//accept
if(fork()==0)
{
if(fork()==0)
{
while(1){
// memset(msg,0,sizeof(msg));
// printf("input:\n");
// gets(msg);
sprintf(msg,"form %d qqq",mark);
write(c_fd,msg,strlen(msg));
sleep(2);
}
}
while(1){
memset(readbuf,0,sizeof(readbuf));
n_read=read(c_fd,readbuf,128);
if(n_read==-1)
{
perror("read failed");
}else
{
printf("get mseeage:%d,%s form %d\n",n_read,readbuf,mark);
}
}
}
}
//read
//write
return 0;
}
client.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h> /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
//#include<linux/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
int c_fd;
int n_read;
char readbuf[128];
//char *msg="msg from client";
char msg[128]={0};
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
memset(&c_addr,0,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
//int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
c_fd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//1.ipv4 2.TCP协议
if(c_fd==-1)
{
perror("socket:");
exit(-1);
}
//socket获取套接字
//int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr,socklen_t addrlen);
c_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
c_addr.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[2]));//端口号,一般5000~8000 调用htons字节序转换api
//inet_aton//将asck码转换为网络字符
inet_aton(argv[1],&c_addr.sin_addr);
//int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr,socklen_t addrlen);
if(connect(c_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&c_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))==-1)
{
perror("connect");
exit(-1);
}
if(fork()==0)
{
while(1){
memset(msg,0,sizeof(msg));
printf("input :\n");
gets(msg);
write(c_fd,msg,strlen(msg));
}
}
while(1){
memset(readbuf,0,sizeof(readbuf));
n_read=read(c_fd,readbuf,128);
if(n_read==-1)
{
perror("read failed");
}else
{
printf("get mseeage from server:%d,%s\n",n_read,readbuf);
}
}
//write
//read
return 0;
}