抽取JDBC工具类:JDBCUtils
目的:简化书写
分析:
1.注册驱动
2.抽取一个方法获取连接对象
-
1)需求:不想传递参数(麻烦),还得保证工具类的通用性
-
2)解决:配置文件
-
jdbc.properties
url=
user=
password=
3.抽取一个方式释放资源
代码实现:
package cn.laowang.util;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* JDBC工具类
*/
public class JDBCUtils {
//声明三个成员变量
private static String url;
private static String user;
private static String password;
private static String driver;
/**
* 文件的读取,只需要读取一次即可拿到这些值,使用静态代码块
*/
static {
try {
//读取资源文件,获取值
//1.Properties集合类
Properties pro = new Properties();
//获取src路径下的文件的格式 ---》ClassLoader
ClassLoader classLoader = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader();
URL res = classLoader.getResource("jdbc.properties");
String path = res.getPath();
System.out.println(path);
//2.加载文件
// pro.load(new FileReader("src/jdbc.properties"));
pro.load(new FileReader(path));
//3.获取属性,赋值
url = pro.getProperty("url");
user = pro.getProperty("user");
password = pro.getProperty("password");
driver = pro.getProperty("driver");
//4.注册驱动
Class.forName(driver);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取连接
* @return连接对象
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
}
/**
* 释放资源
* @param stmt
* @param conn
*/
public static void close(Statement stmt,Connection conn){
if (stmt!=null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (conn!=null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 释放资源
* @param stmt
* @param conn
*/
public static void close(ResultSet rs,Statement stmt, Connection conn){
if (rs!=null){
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (stmt!=null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (conn!=null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
练习:
package cn.laowang.jdbc;
import cn.laowang.domain.Emp;
import cn.laowang.util.JDBCUtils;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 定义一个方法,查询emp的数据将其封装为对象,然后装载集合,返回
*/
public class JDBCDemo09 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Emp> list = new JDBCDemo09().findAll();
System.out.println(list);
System.out.println(list.size()); // 14
}
/**
* 演示JDBC的工具类
* @return
*/
public List<Emp> findAll(){
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
List<Emp> list = null;
//1.注册驱动
try {
//1.注册驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2.获取连接
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
//3.定义sql
String sql = "select * from emp";
//4.获取执行sql的对象
stmt = conn.createStatement();
//5.执行sql
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
//6.遍历结果集,封装对象,装载集合
Emp emp = null;
list = new ArrayList<>();
while (rs.next()){
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String ename = rs.getString("ename");
int job_id = rs.getInt("job_id");
int mgr = rs.getInt("mgr");
Date joindate = rs.getDate("joindate");
double salary = rs.getDouble("salary");
double bonus = rs.getDouble("bonus");
int dept_id = rs.getInt("dept_id");
//创建emp对象,并赋值
emp = new Emp();
emp.setId(id);
emp.setEname(ename);
emp.setMgr(mgr);
emp.setJoindate(joindate);
emp.setSalary(salary);
emp.setBonus(bonus);
emp.setDept_id(dept_id);
//装载集合
list.add(emp);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
JDBCUtils.close(rs,stmt,conn);
}
return list;
}
}