绑定进程到cpu核上运行
查看cpu有几个核
使用cat /proc/cpuinfo查看cpu信息，如下两个信息：
- processor，指明第几个cpu处理器
- cpu cores，指明每个处理器的核心数
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 158
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7400 CPU @ 3.00GHz
stepping : 9
microcode : 0xb4
cpu MHz : 3000.003
cache size : 6144 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 2
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec xsaves arat md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit srbds
bogomips : 6000.00
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
processor : 1
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 158
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7400 CPU @ 3.00GHz
stepping : 9
microcode : 0xb4
cpu MHz : 3000.003
cache size : 6144 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 2
core id : 1
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 1
initial apicid : 1
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec xsaves arat md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit srbds
bogomips : 6000.00
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
从cpuinfo可以看出有2个处理器，每个处理器只有一个核，等同于一个处理器两个核心。
也可以使用系统调用sysconf获取cpu核心数：
#include <unistd.h>
int sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);/* 返回系统可以使用的核数，但是其值会包括系统中禁用的核的数目，因 此该值并不代表当前系统中可用的核数 */
int sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);/* 返回值真正的代表了系统当前可用的核数 */
/* 以下两个函数与上述类似 */
#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
int get_nprocs_conf (void);/* 可用核数 */
int get_nprocs (void);/* 真正的反映了当前可用核数 */使用taskset指令
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw/test# taskset -p 1995 -c 3
Usage: taskset [options] [mask | cpu-list] [pid|cmd [args...]]
Show or change the CPU affinity of a process.
Options:
-a, --all-tasks operate on all the tasks (threads) for a given pid
-p, --pid operate on existing given pid
-c, --cpu-list display and specify cpus in list format
-h, --help display this help
-V, --version output version information
The default behavior is to run a new command:
taskset 03 sshd -b 1024
You can retrieve the mask of an existing task:
taskset -p 700
Or set it:
taskset -p 03 700
List format uses a comma-separated list instead of a mask:
taskset -pc 0,3,7-11 700
Ranges in list format can take a stride argument:
e.g. 0-31:2 is equivalent to mask 0x55555555
For more details see taskset(1).- 获取进程pid
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw# ps -aux | grep smbd
root 1995 0.0 0.3 339656 6020 ? Ss 12:09 0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd -D
root 2037 0.0 0.1 331544 3808 ? S 12:09 0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd -D
root 2040 0.0 0.3 339656 5940 ? S 12:09 0:00 /usr/sbin/smbd -D
root 33431 0.0 0.0 15960 936 pts/2 S+ 14:05 0:00 grep --color=auto smbd- 查看进程当前运行在哪个cpu上
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw# taskset -p 1995
pid 1995's current affinity mask: 3显示的十进制数字3转换为2进制为最低两个是1，每个1对应一个cpu，所以进程运行在2个cpu上。
- 指定进程运行在cpu1上
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw# taskset -pc 1 1995
pid 1995's current affinity list: 0,1
pid 1995's new affinity list: 1
注意，cpu的标号是从0开始的，所以cpu1表示第二个cpu（第一个cpu的标号是0）。
至此，就把应用程序绑定到了cpu1上运行，查看如下：
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw# taskset -p 1995
pid 1995's current affinity mask: 2使用sched_setaffinity系统调用
sched_setaffinity可以将某个进程绑定到一个特定的CPU。
#define _GNU_SOURCE /* See feature_test_macros(7) */
#include <sched.h>
/* 设置进程号为pid的进程运行在mask所设定的CPU上
* 第二个参数cpusetsize是mask所指定的数的长度
* 通常设定为sizeof(cpu_set_t)
* 如果pid的值为0,则表示指定的是当前进程
*/
int sched_setaffinity(pid_t pid, size_t cpusetsize, cpu_set_t *mask);
int sched_getaffinity(pid_t pid, size_t cpusetsize, cpu_set_t *mask);/* 获得pid所指示的进程的CPU位掩码,并将该掩码返回到mask所指向的结构中 */例子程序
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/sysinfo.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#define __USE_GNU
#include<sched.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#define THREAD_MAX_NUM 200 //1个CPU内的最多进程数
int num=0; //cpu中核数
void* threadFun(void* arg) //arg 传递线程标号（自己定义）
{
cpu_set_t mask; //CPU核的集合
cpu_set_t get; //获取在集合中的CPU
int *a = (int *)arg;
int i;
printf("the thread is:%d\n",*a); //显示是第几个线程
CPU_ZERO(&mask); //置空
CPU_SET(*a,&mask); //设置亲和力值
if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask) == -1)//设置线程CPU亲和力
{
printf("warning: could not set CPU affinity, continuing...\n");
}
CPU_ZERO(&get);
if (sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(get), &get) == -1)//获取线程CPU亲和力
{
printf("warning: cound not get thread affinity, continuing...\n");
}
for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
{
if (CPU_ISSET(i, &get))//判断线程与哪个CPU有亲和力
{
printf("this thread %d is running processor : %d\n", i,i);
}
}
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int tid[THREAD_MAX_NUM];
int i;
pthread_t thread[THREAD_MAX_NUM];
num = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF); //获取核数
if (num > THREAD_MAX_NUM) {
printf("num of cores[%d] is bigger than THREAD_MAX_NUM[%d]!\n", num, THREAD_MAX_NUM);
return -1;
}
printf("system has %i processor(s). \n", num);
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
tid[i] = i; //每个线程必须有个tid[i]
pthread_create(&thread[i],NULL,threadFun,(void*)&tid[i]);
}
for(i=0; i< num; i++)
{
pthread_join(thread[i],NULL);//等待所有的线程结束，线程为死循环所以CTRL+C结束
}
return 0;
}编译运行
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw/test# gcc example.c -lpthread
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw/test# ./a.out
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw/test# ./a.out
system has 2 processor(s).
the thread is:1
the thread is:0
this thread 1 is running processor : 1
this thread 0 is running processor : 0
绑定线程到cpu核上运行
绑定线程到cpu核上使用pthread_setaffinity_np函数，其原型定义如下：
#define _GNU_SOURCE /* See feature_test_macros(7) */
#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_t thread, size_t cpusetsize, const cpu_set_t *cpuset);
int pthread_getaffinity_np(pthread_t thread, size_t cpusetsize, cpu_set_t *cpuset);
Compile and link with -pthread.例子程序
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define handle_error_en(en, msg) \
do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int s, j;
cpu_set_t cpuset;
pthread_t thread;
thread = pthread_self();
/* Set affinity mask to include CPUs 0 to 7 */
CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
CPU_SET(j, &cpuset);
s = pthread_setaffinity_np(thread, sizeof(cpu_set_t), &cpuset);
if (s != 0)
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_setaffinity_np");
/* Check the actual affinity mask assigned to the thread */
s = pthread_getaffinity_np(thread, sizeof(cpu_set_t), &cpuset);
if (s != 0)
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_getaffinity_np");
printf("Set returned by pthread_getaffinity_np() contained:\n");
for (j = 0; j < CPU_SETSIZE; j++)
if (CPU_ISSET(j, &cpuset))
printf(" CPU %d\n", j);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}编译及运行
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw/test# gcc cpu_thread_band.c -lpthread
root@wellnw-virtual-machine:/home/wellnw/test# ./a.out
Set returned by pthread_getaffinity_np() contained:
CPU 0
CPU 1
参考链接：
https://blog.csdn.net/guotianqing/article/details/80958281
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