如何用C语言封装 C++的类，在 C里面使用

本文给出了一种方法。基本思想是，写一个 wrapper文件，把 C++类封装起来，对外只提供C语言的接口，和 C++i相关的都在  wrapper的实现文件里实现。

1. apple.h

     
   

 #ifndef __APPLE_H__
    #define __APPLE_H__
    class Apple
    {
    public:
        enum
        {
            APPLE_COLOR_RED,
            APPLE_COLOR_BLUE,
            APPLE_COLOR_GREEN,
        };
     
        Apple();
        int GetColor(void);
        void SetColor(int color);
    private:
        int m_nColor;
    };
    #endif

apple.cpp:

  

  #include "apple.h"
    Apple::Apple():m_nColor(APPLE_COLOR_RED)
    {
    }
     
    void Apple::SetColor(int color)
    {
        m_nColor = color;
    }
     
    int Apple::GetColor(void)
    {
        return m_nColor;
    }

2. AppleWrapper.h

   

 #ifndef _APPLE_WRAPPER_H__
    #define _APPLE_WRAPPER_H_
    struct tagApple;
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" {
    #endif
    struct tagApple *GetInstance(void);
    void ReleaseInstance(struct tagApple **ppInstance);
    extern void SetColor(struct tagApple *pApple, int color);
    extern int GetColor(struct tagApple *pApple);
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    };
    #endif
    #endif

AppleWrapper.cpp

   

#include "AppleWrapper.h"
    #include "apple.h"
     
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" {
    #endif
    struct tagApple
    {
        Apple apple;
    };
    struct tagApple *GetInstance(void)
    {
        return new struct tagApple;
    }
    void ReleaseInstance(struct tagApple **ppInstance)
    {
        delete *ppInstance;
        *ppInstance = 0;
        
    }
    void SetColor(struct tagApple *pApple, int color)
    {
        pApple->apple.SetColor(color);
    }
     
    int GetColor(struct tagApple *pApple)
    {
        return pApple->apple.GetColor();
    }
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    };
    #endif

3. test.c

   

 #include "AppleWrapper.h"
    #include <assert.h>
     
    int main(void)
    {
        struct tagApple * pApple;
        pApple= GetInstance();
        SetColor(pApple, 1);
        int color = GetColor(pApple);
        printf("color = %d\n", color);
        ReleaseInstance(&pApple);
        assert(pApple == 0);
        return 0;
    }

可以用 GCC编译：

g++ -c apple.cpp
g++ -c apple.cpp  AppleWrapper.cpp
gcc test.c -o test AppleWrapper.o apple.o -lstdc++

其实，  wrapper里的 struct 完全可以不要，定义一个  handle更好：
  

  #ifndef _APPLE_WRAPPER_H__
    #define _APPLE_WRAPPER_H_
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" {
    #endif
    int  GetInstance(int *handle);
    void ReleaseInstance(int *handle);
    extern void SetColor(int handle, int color);
    extern int GetColor(int handle);
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    };
    #endif
    #endif


    #include "AppleWrapper.h"
    #include "apple.h"
    #include <vector>
     
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" {
    #endif
     
    static std::vector<Apple *> g_appleVector;
     
    int GetInstance(int * handle)
    {
        g_appleVector[0] =  new Apple;
        *handle = 0;
        return 1;
    }
    void ReleaseInstance(int *handle)
    {
        delete g_appleVector[*handle];
        *handle = -1;
        
    }
    void SetColor(int handle, int color)
    {
        g_appleVector[handle]->SetColor(color);
    }
     
    int GetColor(int handle)
    {
        return g_appleVector[handle]->GetColor();
    }
    #ifdef __cplusplus
    };
    #endif