C++知识点-线程6-notify_one

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-23 16:05:39 发布

蓝色的杯子

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-23 16:05:39 发布

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分类专栏：编程语言文章标签：多线程

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wisdomfriend/article/details/107349450

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生产者消费者的第一个版本

std::deque<int> q;
std::mutex mu;

void function_1(LogFile& log)
{
	int count = 10;
	while (count > 0) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		q.push_front(count);
		locker.unlock();
		std::this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(1));
		count--;
	}
}

void function_2() {
	int data = 0;
	while (data != 1) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		if (!q.empty()) {
			data = q.back();
			q.pop_back();
			locker.unlock();
			cout << "t2 got a value from t1: " << data << endl;
		}
		else {
			locker.unlock();
		}
	}
}

这个版本的问题是消费者会一直抢锁,需要增加一个sleep.改成下面的版本

std::deque<int> q;
std::mutex mu;

void function_1(LogFile& log)
{
	int count = 10;
	while (count > 0) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		q.push_front(count);
		locker.unlock();
		std::this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(1));
		count--;
	}
}

void function_2() {
	int data = 0;
	while (data != 1) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		if (!q.empty()) {
			data = q.back();
			q.pop_back();
			locker.unlock();
			cout << "t2 got a value from t1: " << data << endl;
		}
		else {
			locker.unlock();
			std::this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(10));
		}
	}
}

第二个版本的问题是睡眠时间不是最优的.这里就需要condition variable了

std::deque<int> q;
std::mutex mu;
std::condition_variable cond;

void function_1()
{
	int count = 10;
	while (count > 0) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		q.push_front(count);
		cout << "t1 push a value : " << count << endl;
		locker.unlock();
		cond.notify_one();//Notify one waiting thread, if there is one.
		std::this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(1));
		count--;
	}
	cout << "t1 exit : " << endl;

}

void function_2() {
	int data = 0;
	while (data != 1) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		cond.wait(locker);
		data = q.back();
		q.pop_back();
		locker.unlock();
		cout << "t2 got a value from t1: " << data << endl;
	}
	cout << "t2 exit : "  << endl;
}

上面这个condtion variable版本, 消费者有可能没有接到提醒,所以改成下面这个版本

std::deque<int> q;
std::mutex mu;
std::condition_variable cond;

void function_1()
{
	int count = 10;
	while (count > 0) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		q.push_front(count);
		cout << "t1 push a value : " << count << endl;
		locker.unlock();
		cond.notify_one();//Notify one waiting thread, if there is one.
		std::this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(1));
		count--;
	}
	cout << "t1 exit : " << endl;

}

void function_2() {
	int data = 0;
	while (data != 1) {
		std::unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
		cond.wait(locker, []() {return !q.empty(); });
		data = q.back();
		q.pop_back();
		locker.unlock();
		cout << "t2 got a value from t1: " << data << endl;
	}
	cout << "t2 exit : "  << endl;
}

这个版本消费者会自己醒来看看是否满足条件,如果满足条件,则运行.STL真是太牛逼了.如果线程多了,可以用cond.notify_all() 来唤醒所有等待线程.