Windows 默认缓存磁盘读写文件数据，提高系统性能。缓存管理器负责操作，频繁读取的数据会保留在系统文件缓存中，通过延迟写入（lazy writing）策略在确定时间间隔后将数据写回硬盘。关闭缓存可通过 CreateFile 函数的 FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING 标志实现。懒写进程每秒调度部分未刷新页面写入硬盘，确保性能与可靠性平衡。写入穿透缓存允许数据立即写入磁盘，适用于病毒扫描等应用。
By default, Windows caches file data that is read from disks and written to disks. This implies that read operations read file data from an area in system memory known as the system file cache, rather than from the physical disk. Correspondingly, write operations write file data to the system file cache rather than to the disk, and this type of cache is referred to as a write-back cache. Caching is managed per file object.
Caching occurs under the direction of the cache manager, which operates continuously while Windows is running. File data in the system file cache is written to the disk at intervals determined by the operating system, and the memory previously used by that file data is freed—this is referred to as flushing the cache. The policy of delaying the writing of the data to the file and holding it in the cache until the cache is flushed is called lazy writing, and it is triggered by the cache manager at a determinate time interval. The time at wh
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