WPF 画刷

从图中可以看出各个画刷之间的继承关系。有7种画刷。

              SolidColorBrush单色填充指定区域， LinearGradientBrush线性梯度画刷，RadialGradientBrush圆形梯度画刷，DrawingBrush是图画绘制画刷（包括矢量图和位图），ImageBrush是使用图像做画刷，而VisualBrush是以可视化的控件作为画刷。BitmapCacheBrush 使用缓存内容进行区域描绘。BitmapCacheBrush类似于VisualBrush。 某些情况我们可以使用BitmapCacheBrush来代替VisualBrush。

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/silverlight/dotnet-windows-silverlight/cc189003%28v%3dvs.95%29

• SolidColorBrush

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/silverlight/dotnet-windows-silverlight/bb979843%28v%3dvs.95%29

 

<Rectangle Fill="Red" Margin="232,145,235,145" />

<Button x:Name="button" Background="Yellow" Content="Button" Margin="222,180,221,110"/>

              其实这里的Background="Yellow"和Fill="Red"使用的就是SolidColorBrush，xaml进行解析时，发现Background或Fill是Brush类型，Brush具有图形转换的能力，最后xaml就会通过Transform把"Red"字符串解析成SolidColorBrush。

• LinearGradientBrush

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/silverlight/dotnet-windows-silverlight/bb979788(v=vs.95)

默认的线性梯度是对角的。默认情况下，线性渐变的起始点为(0，0)，该区域的左上角正在绘制，其端点为(1，1)，该区域的右下角正在绘制。结果渐变中的颜色沿对角线路径插值。

1.

       

        <Rectangle Width="200" Height="100">
            <Rectangle.Fill>
                <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
                    <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0.0" />
                    <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
                    <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
                    <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1.0" />
                </LinearGradientBrush>
            </Rectangle.Fill>
	</Rectangle>

                2.

               

         

        <Rectangle Width="200" Height="100">
            <Rectangle.Fill>
                <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,1" EndPoint="0,0">
                    <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0.0" />
                    <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
                    <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
                    <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1.0" />
                </LinearGradientBrush>
            </Rectangle.Fill>
        </Rectangle>

 

• RadialGradientBrush

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/silverlight/dotnet-windows-silverlight/bb979781%28v%3dvs.95%29

                           

                    

        <Rectangle Width="200" Height="100">
            <Rectangle.Fill>
                <RadialGradientBrush GradientOrigin="0.5,0.5" Center="0.5,0.5"
        RadiusX="0.5" RadiusY="0.5">
                    <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0" />
                    <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
                    <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
                    <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1" />
                </RadialGradientBrush>
            </Rectangle.Fill>
        </Rectangle>

 

• DrawingBrush

       https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/framework/wpf/graphics-multimedia/painting-with-images-drawings-and-visuals

     

        <Button Content="A Button" Width="70" Height="70">
            <Button.Background>
                <DrawingBrush>
                    <DrawingBrush.Drawing>
                        <GeometryDrawing Brush="LightBlue">
                            <GeometryDrawing.Geometry>
                                <GeometryGroup>
                                    <EllipseGeometry RadiusX="12.5" RadiusY="25" Center="25,50" />
                                    <EllipseGeometry RadiusX="12.5" RadiusY="25" Center="50,50" />
                                    <EllipseGeometry RadiusX="12.5" RadiusY="25" Center="75,50" />
                                </GeometryGroup>
                            </GeometryDrawing.Geometry>
                            <GeometryDrawing.Pen>
                                <Pen Thickness="1" Brush="Gray" />
                            </GeometryDrawing.Pen>
                        </GeometryDrawing>
                    </DrawingBrush.Drawing>
                </DrawingBrush>
            </Button.Background>
        </Button>

• ImageBrush

     

        <StackPanel>
            <Canvas Height="200" Width="300">
                <Canvas.Background>
                    <ImageBrush ImageSource="tp.jpg" />
                </Canvas.Background>
            </Canvas>
        </StackPanel>

 

• VisualBrush和BitmapCacheBrush 

     https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/zh-CN/96a254b8-ab18-4096-9c9e-255822decd2f/faq-bitmapcachebrush-21644-visualbrush-200433838830340213062103565311?forum=wpfzhchs

这种画刷是作用在控件级别上的，也就是说任何控件都可以作为画刷

 

        <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
            <Rectangle Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10">
                <Rectangle.Fill>
                    <VisualBrush>
                        <VisualBrush.Visual>
                            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                                <TextBlock Text="Hello world!"/>
                                <Button Content="Button"/>
                            </StackPanel>
                        </VisualBrush.Visual>
                    </VisualBrush>
                </Rectangle.Fill>
            </Rectangle>
            <Rectangle Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10">
                <Rectangle.Fill>
                    <BitmapCacheBrush>
                        <BitmapCacheBrush.Target>
                            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                                <TextBlock Text="Hello world!"/>
                                <Button Content="Button"/>
                            </StackPanel>
                        </BitmapCacheBrush.Target>
                        <BitmapCacheBrush.BitmapCache>
                            <BitmapCache SnapsToDevicePixels="True" RenderAtScale="1"/>
                        </BitmapCacheBrush.BitmapCache>
                    </BitmapCacheBrush>
                </Rectangle.Fill>
            </Rectangle>
        </StackPanel>

RenderAtScale 属性见：

https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.windows.media.bitmapcache.renderatscale(v=vs.110).aspx

但是，BitmapCacheBrush总是从一个目标元素的缓存或者通过BitmapCache 属性定义的缓存来渲染并且BitmapCacheBrush类忽略以下位于根Visual的属性： VisualOffset，VisualTransform，VisualClip，VisualEffect，VisualOpacity，VisualOpacity。这种行为有别于VisualBrush类。