Docker初识：mysql安装

Linux系统：CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
Docker版本： 17.03.0-ce, build 3a232c8

mysql 版本：8.0.27

1、查询并拉取镜像

docker search mysql
docker pull mysql

查看获取的镜像：

[root@wngpenghao mysql]# docker images
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql                 latest              c8ee894bd2bd        5 weeks ago         456 MB

my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir = /var/lib/mysql/
datadir = /var/lib/mysql/data

log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 1

sql_mode=ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION


[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

2、运行mysql

docker run -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true --name=mysql -v /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql/data -v /opt/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -id mysql

注意：

1、“-v /opt/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d” 在/opt/mysql/conf 目录下创建my.cnf文件。

[mysqld]
#跳过数据库权限验证
skip-grant-tables

3、运行中mysql

[root@wngpenghao opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
2bcf577091a2        mysql                 "docker-entrypoint..."   About a minute ago   Up 25 seconds       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql

4、进入mysql并修改权限、密码。

[root@wngpenghao opt]# docker exec -it  2bcf577091a2 /bin/bash
root@2bcf577091a2:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 8.0.18 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.30 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password |                                                                        |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.43 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                                                  |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password |                                                                        |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
root@2bcf577091a2:/# exit

5、删除skip-grant-tables属性，进行权限校验，修改my.cnf。

[mysqld]
#跳过数据库权限验证
#skip-grant-tables

6、重启，远程客户端测试，OK了。

7、可能遇到问题。

7.1 客户端登录提示1251，如下图：

原因在docker 安装mysql出现navicat登录失败_求是-CSDN博客_docker安装mysql后无法登录博客中找到：

“mysql8 之前的版本中加密规则是mysql_native_password,而在mysql8之后,加密规则是caching_sha2_password, 所以需要把mysql用户登录密码加密规则还原成mysql_native_password. ”

所以需要进入mysql执行：

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

7.2、MySQL系列：限制IP访问，通过授权的方式实现​​​​​​​