CentOS7.6安装ORACLE 12C RAC + DATAGUARD

一. 网络设计

#Public IP

192.168.247.5    RAC1

192.168.247.6    RAC2

#Private IP

192.168.68.5       RAC1-priv

192.168.68.6       RAC2-priv

#Virtual IP

192.168.247.15       RAC1-vip

192.168.247.16       RAC2-vip

#Scan IP

192.168.247.7      RAC-scan

# DG

192.168.247.8     DataGuard

二.磁盘规划

懒惰的我，装虚拟机时选择了默认

三.内存规划

RAC1        8g

RAC2       8g

DG           8g

四.系统安装及设置

1.安装系统

勾选Server with GUI

安装工具里面勾选：Performance Tools

                                Development Tools

                                Security Tools

                                System  Administration Tools

2.设置主机名(演示RAC1节点)

vim /etc/hostname

3.配置IP地址

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

vim ifcfg-ens33

上图网关单词写错，应该： GATEWAY

vim ifcfg-ens34

上图网关单词写错，应该： GATEWAY

vim /etc/resolv.conf --添加DNS

vi    /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens33  ---添加静态路由

4. 同步系统时间

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com

5. 关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

6. 关闭selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

7. 配置/etc/hosts

#Public IP
192.168.247.5  rac1
192.168.247.6  rac2

# Private IP
192.168.68.5   rac1-priv
192.168.68.6   rac2-priv

# Virtual IP
192.168.247.15  rac1-vip
192.168.247.16  rac1-vip

# Scan IP
192.168.247.7  rac-scan

# DG IP
192.168.247.8  DataGuard
 

8. 配置资源限制

vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 3145728
oracle hard stack 3145728
oracle soft memlock 3145728
oracle hard memlock 3145728

grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 3145728
grid hard stack 3145728

9. 配置/dev/shm

vi /etc/fstab

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=6G 0 0
mount -o remount /dev/shm

10. 配置内核参数

touch /etc/sysctl.d/97-oracledatabase-sysctl.conf

vi /etc/sysctl.d/97-oracledatabase-sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 1572864
kernel.shmmax = 6442450944
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

sysctl --system(立即生效)
sysctl -a|grep shmmax
sysctl -a|grep shmall

11. 添加账户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
groupadd asmadmin
groupadd asmoper
groupadd asmdba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmoper,asmadmin,asmdba grid
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin oracle
passwd grid
passwd oracle

id oracle
id grid
2个节点的用户号必须一样

12. 创建目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid  #grid的ORACLE_BASE
mkdir -p /u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid    #grid的ORACLE_HOME,不能是包含关系
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/12.2.0.1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01

13. 配置环境变量

Grid Infrastructure
.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0.1/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Oracle Database
.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=orcl1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_SID=orcl2
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

14. 修改/etc/nsswitch.conf

修改行
hosts:      files dns myhostname
为
hosts:      files dns nis

15. 关闭透明大页

cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
[always]代表启用
[never]代表禁用
vi /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet transparent_hugepage=never"
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
重启系统
cat /proc/cmdline

16. 禁止ntp服务

systemctl stop chronyd
systemctl disable chronyd
mv /etc/chrony.conf /etc/chrony.conf.bak
 

17. 禁止avahi-daemon服务

avahi-daemon 服务会影响 oracle的多波通信，进而导致节点重启
因此，oracle环境下不能启用 avahi-daemon 服务
systemctl stop avahi-daemon.service
systemctl disable avahi-daemon.service

18. 配置network文件

vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NOZEROCONF=yes

19. 添加共享磁盘

Share1 20G

Share2 25G

20. 配置共享磁盘.

配置vmx文件,添加如下内容：
scsi1:0.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"
disk.locking="false"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize="0"
diskLib.dataC