计算机系统篇之链接（12）：Chapter 7 Linking 习题与解答

计算机系统篇之链接（12）：Chapter 7 Linking 习题与解答

Author:stormQ

Monday, 15. July 2019 11:18AM

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• 目录
  • 习题
  • 解答

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习题

• 7.6
  
  7.6 解答

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• 7.7
  
  7.7 解答

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• 7.8
  
  7.8 解答

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• 7.9
  
  7.9 解答

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• 7.10
  
  7.10 解答

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• 7.11
  
  7.11 解答

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• 7.12
  
  7.12 解答

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• 7.13
  
  7.13 解答

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解答

7.6 解答

swap.c:

extern int buf[];

int *bufp0 = &buf[0];
static int *bufp1;

static void incr()
{
  static int count = 0;
  count++;
}

void swap()
{
  int temp;

  incr();
  bufp1 = &buf[1];
  temp = *bufp0;
  *bufp0 = *bufp1;
  *bufp1 = temp;
}

生成可重定位目标文件 swap.o：

$ gcc -c swap.c

查看 swap.o 的符号表：

$ readelf -s swap.o

Symbol table '.symtab' contains 14 entries:
   Num:    Value          Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name
     0: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND 
     1: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS swap.c
     2: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    1 
     3: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    3 
     4: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    5 
     5: 0000000000000000     8 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT    5 bufp1
     6: 0000000000000000    22 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT    1 incr
     7: 0000000000000008     4 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT    5 count.1760
     8: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    7 
     9: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    8 
    10: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    6 
    11: 0000000000000000     8 OBJECT  GLOBAL DEFAULT    3 bufp0
    12: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND buf
    13: 0000000000000016    74 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    1 swap

查看 swap.o 的表头：

$ readelf -S swap.o
There are 13 section headers, starting at offset 0x420:

Section Headers:
  [Nr] Name              Type             Address           Offset
       Size              EntSize          Flags  Link  Info  Align
  [ 0]                   NULL             0000000000000000  00000000
       0000000000000000  0000000000000000           0     0     0
  [ 1] .text             PROGBITS         0000000000000000  00000040
       0000000000000060  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     1
  [ 2] .rela.text        RELA             0000000000000000  000002b8
       00000000000000c0  0000000000000018   I      11     1     8
  [ 3] .data             PROGBITS         0000000000000000  000000a0
       0000000000000008  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     8
  [ 4] .rela.data        RELA             0000000000000000  00000378
       0000000000000018  0000000000000018   I      11     3     8
  [ 5] .bss              NOBITS           0000000000000000  000000a8
       000000000000000c  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     8
  [ 6] .comment          PROGBITS         0000000000000000  000000a8
       0000000000000033  0000000000000001  MS       0     0     1
  [ 7] .note.GNU-stack   PROGBITS         0000000000000000  000000db
       0000000000000000  0000000000000000           0     0     1
  [ 8] .eh_frame         PROGBITS         0000000000000000  000000e0
       0000000000000058  0000000000000000   A       0     0     8
  [ 9] .rela.eh_frame    RELA             0000000000000000  00000390
       0000000000000030  0000000000000018   I      11     8     8
  [10] .shstrtab         STRTAB           0000000000000000  000003c0
       000000000000005e  0000000000000000           0     0     1
  [11] .symtab           SYMTAB           0000000000000000  00000138
       0000000000000150  0000000000000018          12    11     8
  [12] .strtab           STRTAB           0000000000000000  00000288
       000000000000002d  0000000000000000           0     0     1
Key to Flags:
  W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), l (large)
  I (info), L (link order), G (group), T (TLS), E (exclude), x (unknown)
  O (extra OS processing required) o (OS specific), p (processor specific)

因此，该题的解答为：

符号	swap.symtab 条目？	符号类型	定义符号的模块	节
buf	yes	extern	m.o	.data
bufp0	yes	global	swap.o	.data
bufp1	yes	local	swap.o	.bss
swap	yes	global	swap.o	.text
temp	no	-	-	-
incr	yes	local	swap.o	.text
count	yes	local	swap.o	.bss

返回题目

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7.7 解答

a）先执行原来的代码

bar5.c:

double x;

void f()
{
    x = -0.0;
}

foo5.c:

#include <stdio.h>

void f();

int x = 15213;
int y = 15212;

int main()
{
    f();
    printf("x = 0x%x(%d) y = 0x%x(%d)\n", x, x, y, y);
    return 0;
}

**注意：**这里调整了书中变量x和y的定义顺序。因为在我们的系统中（X86-64 Linux, Li