[更新中...]MySQL题目练习及答案（使用SQLyog）

1.创建表

/*学生表 Student*/
create table Student(SId varchar(10),Sname varchar(10),Sage datetime,Ssex varchar(10));
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-12-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-12-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女');
insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女');
insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '2012-06-06' , '女');
insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '2013-06-13' , '女');
insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '2014-06-01' , '女');

/*教师表 Teacher*/
create table Teacher(tid varchar(10),tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

/*科目表 Course*/
create table Course(CId varchar(10),Cname nvarchar(10),TId varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

/*成绩表 SC*/
create table SC(SId varchar(10),CId varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);

学生表(student)：

教师表(teacher)：

课程表(courese)：

分数表(sc)：

2. 题目及答案

1. 查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

• 方法一：
  思路： 将sc表自连接，选择包含01课程和02课程，且01课程的分数大于02课程的分数的记录生成新的表a，然后将student表右连接表a，即得到想要的结果。

SELECT * 
FROM student RIGHT JOIN 
           (SELECT sc1.SId, sc1.Score AS Score1, sc2.Score AS Score2
            FROM sc sc1 JOIN sc sc2 ON sc1.SId = sc2.SId
            WHERE sc1.CId = "01" AND sc2.CId = "02" AND sc1.Score > sc2.Score) a
 ON a.SId = student.SId

• 方法二：
  思路： 先从sc表中分别取出01课程和02课程的记录，分别记为表s1和表s2，将两表合并，并留下01课程分数大于02课程分数的记录生成表a，然后表student右连接表a，即得到所需信息。

SELECT student.*, Score1, Score2
FROM student 
	RIGHT JOIN 
	(SELECT s1.SId, s1.Score AS Score1, s2.Score AS Score2 
	FROM (SELECT * FROM sc WHERE CId = "01") s1 
		LEFT JOIN 
		(SELECT * FROM sc WHERE CId = "02") s2 
		ON s1.SId = s2.SId
		WHERE s1.Score > s2.Score) a 
	ON student.SId = a.SId

结果：

2. 查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况
   思路： 将表sc自连接

SELECT sc1.SId, sc1.Score AS Score1, sc2.Score AS Score2
FROM sc sc1 JOIN sc sc2 ON sc1.SId = sc2.SId
WHERE sc1.CId = "01" AND sc2.CId = "02" 

3. 查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
   思路： 先从表sc中取出01课程和02课程信息，前者左连接后者，然后选择02课程为空的记录即可

SELECT * 
FROM 
    (SELECT * FROM sc WHERE sc.CId = '01') AS sc1 
LEFT JOIN 
    (SELECT * FROM sc WHERE sc.CId = '02') AS sc2
ON sc1.SId = sc2.SId

ps： 经 Congcongcong(￣^￣)ゞ 同学 提醒，错误已更正

4. 查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况