Vulkan-官方示例解读-push constants推送常量而无需同意缓冲区

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前言

使用推送常量（存储在命令缓冲区中的小块统一数据）将数据传递给着色器，而无需统一缓冲区。
使用推送常量，可以将一小段静态数据传递给着色器，该着色器存储在命令缓冲区统计信息中
这非常适合传递例如静态每个对象的数据或参数，而无需描述符集
该示例使用这些参数来推送不同的静态参数来呈现多个对象

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一、CPP文件

示例：pandas 是基于NumPy 的一种工具，该工具是为了解决数据分析任务而创建的。

二、使用步骤

1.类和变量

代码如下（示例）：

class VulkanExample : public VulkanExampleBase
{
public:
	vkglTF::Model model;

	// Color and position data for each sphere is uploaded using push constants
	struct SpherePushConstantData {
		glm::vec4 color;
		glm::vec4 position;
	};
	std::array<SpherePushConstantData, 16> spheres;

	vks::Buffer uniformBuffer;

	struct UBOMatrices {
		glm::mat4 projection;
		glm::mat4 model;
		glm::mat4 view;
	} uboMatrices;

	VkPipeline pipeline;
	VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;
	VkDescriptorSet descriptorSet;
	VkDescriptorSetLayout descriptorSetLayout;

2.函数

设置球形物体函数：

	void setupSpheres()
	{
		// Setup random colors and fixed positions for every spheres in the scene
		for (uint32_t i = 0; i < spheres.size(); i++) {
			spheres[i].color = glm::vec4(rnd(), rnd(), rnd(), 1.0f);
			const float rad = glm::radians(i * 360.0f / static_cast<uint32_t>(spheres.size()));
			spheres[i].position = glm::vec4(glm::vec3(sin(rad), cos(rad), 0.0f) * 3.5f, 1.0f);
		}
	}

void buildCommandBuffers()

	void buildCommandBuffers()
	{
		VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdBufInfo = vks::initializers::commandBufferBeginInfo();

		VkClearValue clearValues[2];
		clearValues[0].color = defaultClearColor;
		clearValues[1].depthStencil = { 1.0f, 0 };

		VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassBeginInfo = vks::initializers::renderPassBeginInfo();
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = renderPass;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.x = 0;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.offset.y = 0;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.width = width;
		renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea.extent.height = height;
		renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 2;
		renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clearValues;

		for (int32_t i = 0; i < drawCmdBuffers.size(); ++i)
		{
			// Set target frame buffer
			renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = frameBuffers[i];

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkBeginCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i], &cmdBufInfo));

			vkCmdBeginRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i], &renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);

			VkViewport viewport = vks::initializers::viewport((float)width, (float)height, 0.0f, 1.0f);
			vkCmdSetViewport(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &viewport);

			VkRect2D scissor = vks::initializers::rect2D(width,	height,	0,	0);
			vkCmdSetScissor(drawCmdBuffers[i], 0, 1, &scissor);

			vkCmdBindPipeline(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
			vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(drawCmdBuffers[i], VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout, 0, 1, &descriptorSet, 0, nullptr);

			// [POI] Render the spheres passing color and position via push constants
			uint32_t spherecount = static_cast<uint32_t>(spheres.size());
			for (uint32_t j = 0; j < spherecount; j++) {
				// [POI] Pass static sphere data as push constants
				vkCmdPushConstants(
				    drawCmdBuffers[i],
				    pipelineLayout,
				    VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
				    0,
				    sizeof(SpherePushConstantData),
				    &spheres[j]);
				model.draw(drawCmdBuffers[i]);
			}

			drawUI(drawCmdBuffers[i]);

			vkCmdEndRenderPass(drawCmdBuffers[i]);

			VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkEndCommandBuffer(drawCmdBuffers[i]));
		}
	}

void setupDescriptorSetLayout()

	void setupDescriptorSetLayout()
	{
		std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding> setLayoutBindings = {
			// Binding 0 : Vertex shader uniform buffer
			vks::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutBinding(
				VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER,
				VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,
				0),
		};

		VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo descriptorLayout = vks::initializers::descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo(setLayoutBindings);
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &descriptorLayout, nullptr, &descriptorSetLayout));

		// Define the push constant range used by the pipeline layout
		// Note that the spec only requires a minimum of 128 bytes, so for passing larger blocks of data you'd use UBOs or SSBOs
		VkPushConstantRange pushConstantRange{};
		pushConstantRange.stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;
		pushConstantRange.offset = 0;
		pushConstantRange.size = sizeof(SpherePushConstantData);

		VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pipelineLayoutCreateInfo = vks::initializers::pipelineLayoutCreateInfo(&descriptorSetLayout, 1);
		pipelineLayoutCreateInfo.pushConstantRangeCount  = 1;
		pipelineLayoutCreateInfo.pPushConstantRanges = &pushConstantRange;
		VK_CHECK_RESULT(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &pipelineLayoutCreateInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout));
	}

shader文件

1.vert

#version 450

layout (location = 0) in vec3 inPos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;
layout (location = 2) in vec3 inColor;

#define lightCount 6

layout (binding = 0) uniform UBO 
{
	mat4 projection;
	mat4 model;
	mat4 view;
} ubo;

layout(push_constant) uniform PushConsts {
	vec4 color;
	vec4 position;
} pushConsts;

layout (location = 0) out vec3 outColor;

void main() 
{
	outColor = inColor * pushConsts.color.rgb;	
	vec3 locPos = vec3(ubo.model * vec4(inPos, 1.0));
	vec3 worldPos = locPos + pushConsts.position.xyz;
	gl_Position =  ubo.projection * ubo.view * vec4(worldPos, 1.0);
}

2.frag

#version 450

layout (location = 0) in vec3 inColor;

layout (location = 0) out vec4 outFragColor;

void main() 
{		
	outFragColor.rgb = inColor;
}

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总结

提示：这里对文章进行总结：
例如：以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文仅仅简单介绍了pandas的使用，而pandas提供了大量能使我们快速便捷地处理数据的函数和方法。