LLVM学习笔记（47）

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-25 10:57:22 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-08-25 10:57:22 发布

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分类专栏： LLVM学习笔记

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3.7.3. TableGen的处理

3.7.3.1. 基本数据结构

在文件CallingConvLower.h中定义了两个基本的数据结构：CCValAssign与CCState。CCValAssign在编译期间用于记录参数或返回值向寄存器或栈赋值的细节，它定义了以下成员：

32 class CCValAssign {

33 public:

34 enum LocInfo {

35 Full, // The value fills the full location.

36 SExt, // The value is sign extended in the location.

37 ZExt, // The value is zero extended in the location.

38 AExt, // The value is extended with undefined upper bits.

39 SExtUpper, // The value is in the upper bits of the location and should be

40 // sign extended when retrieved.

41 ZExtUpper, // The value is in the upper bits of the location and should be

42 // zero extended when retrieved.

43 AExtUpper, // The value is in the upper bits of the location and should be

44 // extended with undefined upper bits when retrieved.

45 BCvt, // The value is bit-converted in the location.

46 VExt, // The value is vector-widened in the location.

47 // FIXME: Not implemented yet. Code that uses AExt to mean

48 // vector-widen should be fixed to use VExt instead.

49 FPExt, // The floating-point value is fp-extended in the location.

50 Indirect // The location contains pointer to the value.

51 // TODO: a subset of the value is in the location.

52 };

54 private:

55 /// ValNo - This is the value number begin assigned (e.g. an argument number).

56 unsigned ValNo;

58 /// Loc is either a stack offset or a register number.

59 unsigned Loc;

61 /// isMem - True if this is a memory loc, false if it is a register loc.

62 unsigned isMem : 1;

64 /// isCustom - True if this arg/retval requires special handling.

65 unsigned isCustom : 1;

67 /// Information about how the value is assigned.

68 LocInfo HTP : 6;

70 /// ValVT - The type of the value being assigned.

71 MVT ValVT;

73 /// LocVT - The type of the location being assigned to.

74 MVT LocVT;

其中枚举类型LocInfo用于描述对该内存的占用形式，是否全占满、符号扩展、还是零扩展等。

CCState则是用于辅助参数与返回值的降级，CCState定义了以下成员：

189 ~~typedef enum { Unknown, Prologue, Call } ParmContext;~~ <- v7.0删除

190

191 /// CCState - This class holds information needed while lowering arguments and

192 /// return values. It captures which registers are already assigned and which

193 /// stack slots are used. It provides accessors to allocate these values.

194 class CCState {

195 private:

196 CallingConv::ID CallingConv;

197 bool IsVarArg;

bool AnalyzingMustTailForwardedRegs = false; <- v7.0增加

198 MachineFunction &MF;

199 const TargetRegisterInfo &TRI;

200 SmallVectorImpl<CCValAssign> &Locs;

201 LLVMContext &Context;

202

203 unsigned StackOffset;

204 SmallVector<uint32_t, 16> UsedRegs;

205 SmallVector<CCValAssign, 4> PendingLocs;

SmallVector<ISD::ArgFlagsTy, 4> PendingArgFlags; <- v7.0增加

206

207 // ByValInfo and SmallVector<ByValInfo, 4> ByValRegs:

208 //

209 // Vector of ByValInfo instances (ByValRegs) is introduced for byval registers

210 // tracking.

211 // Or, in another words it tracks byval parameters that are stored in

212 // general purpose registers.

213 //

214 // For 4 byte stack alignment,

215 // instance index means byval parameter number in formal

216 // arguments set. Assume, we have some "struct_type" with size = 4 bytes,

217 // then, for function "foo":

218 //

219 // i32 foo(i32 %p, %struct_type* %r, i32 %s, %struct_type* %t)

220 //

221 // ByValRegs[0] describes how "%r" is stored (Begin == r1, End == r2)

222 // ByValRegs[1] describes how "%t" is stored (Begin == r3, End == r4).

223 //

224 // In case of 8 bytes stack alignment,

225 // ByValRegs may also contain information about wasted registers.

226 // In function shown above, r3 would be wasted according to AAPCS rules.

227 // And in that case ByValRegs[1].Waste would be "true".

228 // ByValRegs vector size still would be 2,

229 // while "%t" goes to the stack: it wouldn't be described in ByValRegs.

230 //

231 // Supposed use-case for this collection:

232 // 1. Initially ByValRegs is empty, InRegsParamsProcessed is 0.

233 // 2. HandleByVal fillups ByValRegs.

234 // 3. Argument analysis (LowerFormatArguments, for example). After

235 // some byval argument was analyzed, InRegsParamsProcessed is increased.

236 struct ByValInfo {

237 ByValInfo(unsigned B, unsigned E, bool IsWaste = false) :

238 Begin(B), End(E), Waste(IsWaste) {}

239 // First register allocated for current parameter.

240 unsigned Begin;

241

242 // First after last register allocated for current parameter.

243 unsigned End;

244

245 // Means that current range of registers doesn't belong to any

246 // parameters. It was wasted due to stack alignment rules.

247 // For more information see:

248 // AAPCS, 5.5 Parameter Passing, Stage C, C.3.

249 bool Waste;

250 };

251 SmallVector<ByValInfo, 4 > ByValRegs;

252

253 // InRegsParamsProcessed - shows how many instances of ByValRegs was proceed

254 // during argument analysis.

255 unsigned InRegsParamsProcessed;

256

257 protected:

258 ~~ParmContext~~ ~~CallOrPrologue;~~ <- v7.0删除

CCState只定义了一个构造函数，它的成员Locs必须是外面传入容器，CCState只是代管。

28 CCState::CCState(CallingConv::ID CC, bool isVarArg, MachineFunction &mf,

29 SmallVectorImpl<CCValAssign> &locs, LLVMContext &C)

30 : CallingConv(CC), IsVarArg(isVarArg), MF(mf),

31 TRI(*MF.getSubtarget().getRegisterInfo()), Locs(locs), Context(C),

32 ~~CallOrPrologue(Unknown)~~ { <- v7.0删除

33 // No stack is used.

34 StackOffset = 0;

36 clearByValRegsInfo();

37 UsedRegs.resize((TRI.getNumRegs()+31)/32);

38 }

其中StackOffset记录所代表函数调用参数使用栈的大小，UsedRegs则记录寄存器的使用情况。

1. 1. 1. 代码的生成

TableGen代码生成的入口是EmitCallingConv()。

279 void EmitCallingConv(RecordKeeper &RK, raw_ostream &OS) {

280 emitSourceFileHeader("Calling Convention Implementation Fragment", OS);

281 CallingConvEmitter(RK).run(OS);

282 }

类似的，主要工作由CallingConvEmitter的run()方法完成（CallingConvEmitter构造函数本身是平凡的）。

37 void CallingConvEmitter::run(raw_ostream &O) {

38 std::vector<Record*> CCs = Records.getAllDerivedDefinitions("CallingConv");

40 // Emit prototypes for all of the non-custom CC's so that they can forward ref

41 // each other.

42 for (unsigned i = 0, e = CCs.size(); i != e; ++i) {

43 if (!CCs[i]->getValueAsBit("Custom")) {

44 O << "static bool " << CCs[i]->getName()

45 << "(unsigned ValNo, MVT ValVT,\n"

46 << std::string(CCs[i]->getName().size() + 13, ' ')

47 << "MVT LocVT, CCValAssign::LocInfo LocInfo,\n"

48 << std::string(CCs[i]->getName().size() + 13, ' ')

49 << "ISD::ArgFlagsTy ArgFlags, CCState &State);\n";

50 }

51 }

53 // Emit each non-custom calling convention description in full.

54 for (unsigned i = 0, e = CCs.size(); i != e; ++i) {

55 if (!CCs[i]->getValueAsBit("Custom"))

56 EmitCallingConv(CCs[i], O);

57 }

58 }

在42行循环，如果当前CallingConv定义中没有设置Custom位（Custom表示该调用惯例由同名的定制函数处理，即CustomCallingConv派生定义），就为它输出一个函数声明，形如：

static bool CC_X86_64_C(unsigned ValNo, MVT ValVT,

MVT LocVT, CCValAssign::LocInfo LocInfo,

ISD::ArgFlagsTy ArgFlags, CCState &State);

而这些CallingConv定义的处理方法则由56行的EmitCallingConv()输出。

61 void CallingConvEmitter::EmitCallingConv(Record *CC, raw_ostream &O) {

62 ListInit *CCActions = CC->getValueAsListInit("Actions");

63 Counter = 0;

65 O << "\n\nstatic bool " << CC->getName()

66 << "(unsigned ValNo, MVT ValVT,\n"

67 << std::string(CC->getName().size()+13, ' ')

68 << "MVT LocVT, CCValAssign::LocInfo LocInfo,\n"

69 << std::string(CC->getName().size()+13, ' ')

70 << "ISD::ArgFlagsTy ArgFlags, CCState &State) {\n";

71 // Emit all of the actions, in order.

72 for (unsigned i = 0, e = CCActions->size(); i != e; ++i) {

73 O << "\n";

74 EmitAction(CCActions->getElementAsRecord(i), 2, O);

75 }

77 O << "\n return true; // CC didn't match.\n";

78 O << "}\n";

79 }

CallingConv定义里最主要的部分就是Actions，它确定了对该调用惯例的处理方式，因此它实际决定了该处理方法的定义。因为CallingConv中Actions是一个list，因此需要在一个循环里调用下面的EmitAction()。

81 void CallingConvEmitter::EmitAction(Record *Action,

82 unsigned Indent, raw_ostream &O) {

83 std::string IndentStr = std::string(Indent, ' ');

85 if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCPredicateAction")) {

86 O << IndentStr << "if (";

88 if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCIfType")) {

89 ListInit *VTs = Action->getValueAsListInit("VTs");

90 for (unsigned i = 0, e = VTs->size(); i != e; ++i) {

91 Record *VT = VTs->getElementAsRecord(i);

92 if (i != 0) O << " ||\n " << IndentStr;

93 O << "LocVT == " << getEnumName(getValueType(VT));

94 }

96 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCIf")) {

97 O << Action->getValueAsString("Predicate");

98 } else {

99 Action->dump();

100 PrintFatalError("Unknown CCPredicateAction!");

101 }

102

103 O << ") {\n";

104 EmitAction(Action->getValueAsDef("SubAction"), Indent+2, O);

105 O << IndentStr << "}\n";

106 } else {

107 if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCDelegateTo")) {

108 Record *CC = Action->getValueAsDef("CC");

109 O << IndentStr << "if (!" << CC->getName()

110 << "(ValNo, ValVT, LocVT, LocInfo, ArgFlags, State))\n"

111 << IndentStr << " return false;\n";

112 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCAssignToReg")) {

113 ListInit *RegList = Action->getValueAsListInit("RegList");

114 if (RegList->size() == 1) {

115 O << IndentStr << "if (unsigned Reg = State.AllocateReg(";

116 O << getQualifiedName(RegList->getElementAsRecord(0)) << ")) {\n";

117 } else {

118 O << IndentStr << "static const MCPhysReg RegList" << ++Counter

119 << "[] = {\n";

120 O << IndentStr << " ";

121 for (unsigned i = 0, e = RegList->size(); i != e; ++i) {

122 if (i != 0) O << ", ";

123 O << getQualifiedName(RegList->getElementAsRecord(i));

124 }

125 O << "\n" << IndentStr << "};\n";

126 O << IndentStr << "if (unsigned Reg = State.AllocateReg(RegList"

127 << Counter << ")) {\n";

128 }

129 O << IndentStr << " State.addLoc(CCValAssign::getReg(ValNo, ValVT, "

130 << "Reg, LocVT, LocInfo));\n";

131 O << IndentStr << " return false;\n";

132 O << IndentStr << "}\n";

133 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCAssignToRegWithShadow")) {

134 ListInit *RegList = Action->getValueAsListInit("RegList");

135 ListInit *ShadowRegList = Action->getValueAsListInit("ShadowRegList");

136 if (!ShadowRegList->empty() && ShadowRegList->size() != RegList->size())

137 PrintFatalError("Invalid length of list of shadowed registers");

138

139 if (RegList->size() == 1) {

140 O << IndentStr << "if (unsigned Reg = State.AllocateReg(";

141 O << getQualifiedName(RegList->getElementAsRecord(0));

142 O << ", " << getQualifiedName(ShadowRegList->getElementAsRecord(0));

143 O << ")) {\n";

144 } else {

145 unsigned RegListNumber = ++Counter;

146 unsigned ShadowRegListNumber = ++Counter;

147

148 O << IndentStr << "static const MCPhysReg RegList" << RegListNumber

149 << "[] = {\n";

150 O << IndentStr << " ";

151 for (unsigned i = 0, e = RegList->size(); i != e; ++i) {

152 if (i != 0) O << ", ";

153 O << getQualifiedName(RegList->getElementAsRecord(i));

154 }

155 O << "\n" << IndentStr << "};\n";

156

157 O << IndentStr << "static const MCPhysReg RegList"

158 << ShadowRegListNumber << "[] = {\n";

159 O << IndentStr << " ";

160 for (unsigned i = 0, e = ShadowRegList->size(); i != e; ++i) {

161 if (i != 0) O << ", ";

162 O << getQualifiedName(ShadowRegList->getElementAsRecord(i));

163 }

164 O << "\n" << IndentStr << "};\n";

165

166 O << IndentStr << "if (unsigned Reg = State.AllocateReg(RegList"

167 << RegListNumber << ", " << "RegList" << ShadowRegListNumber

168 << ")) {\n";

169 }

170 O << IndentStr << " State.addLoc(CCValAssign::getReg(ValNo, ValVT, "

171 << "Reg, LocVT, LocInfo));\n";

172 O << IndentStr << " return false;\n";

173 O << IndentStr << "}\n";

174 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCAssignToStack")) {

175 int Size = Action->getValueAsInt("Size");

176 int Align = Action->getValueAsInt("Align");

177

178 O << IndentStr << "unsigned Offset" << ++Counter

179 << " = State.AllocateStack(";

180 if (Size)

181 O << Size << ", ";

182 else

183 O << "\n" << IndentStr

184 << " State.getMachineFunction().getTarget().getDataLayout()"

185 "->getTypeAllocSize(EVT(LocVT).getTypeForEVT(State.getContext())),"

186 " ";

187 if (Align)

188 O << Align;

189 else

190 O << "\n" << IndentStr

191 << " State.getMachineFunction().getTarget().getDataLayout()"

192 "->getABITypeAlignment(EVT(LocVT).getTypeForEVT(State.getContext()"

193 "))";

194 O << ");\n" << IndentStr

195 << "State.addLoc(CCValAssign::getMem(ValNo, ValVT, Offset"

196 << Counter << ", LocVT, LocInfo));\n";

197 O << IndentStr << "return false;\n";

198 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCAssignToStackWithShadow")) {

199 int Size = Action->getValueAsInt("Size");

200 int Align = Action->getValueAsInt("Align");

201 ListInit *ShadowRegList = Action->getValueAsListInit("ShadowRegList");

202

203 unsigned ShadowRegListNumber = ++Counter;

204

205 O << IndentStr << "static const MCPhysReg ShadowRegList"

206 << ShadowRegListNumber << "[] = {\n";

207 O << IndentStr << " ";

208 for (unsigned i = 0, e = ShadowRegList->size(); i != e; ++i) {

209 if (i != 0) O << ", ";

210 O << getQualifiedName(ShadowRegList->getElementAsRecord(i));

211 }

212 O << "\n" << IndentStr << "};\n";

213

214 O << IndentStr << "unsigned Offset" << ++Counter

215 << " = State.AllocateStack("

216 << Size << ", " << Align << ", "

217 << "ShadowRegList" << ShadowRegListNumber << ");\n";

218 O << IndentStr << "State.addLoc(CCValAssign::getMem(ValNo, ValVT, Offset"

219 << Counter << ", LocVT, LocInfo));\n";

220 O << IndentStr << "return false;\n";

221 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCPromoteToType")) {

222 Record *DestTy = Action->getValueAsDef("DestTy");

223 MVT::SimpleValueType DestVT = getValueType(DestTy);

224 O << IndentStr << "LocVT = " << getEnumName(DestVT) <<";\n";

225 if (MVT(DestVT).isFloatingPoint()) {

226 O << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::FPExt;\n";

227 } else {

228 O << IndentStr << "if (ArgFlags.isSExt())\n"

229 << IndentStr << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::SExt;\n"

230 << IndentStr << "else if (ArgFlags.isZExt())\n"

231 << IndentStr << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::ZExt;\n"

232 << IndentStr << "else\n"

233 << IndentStr << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::AExt;\n";

234 }

235 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCPromoteToUpperBitsInType")) {

236 Record *DestTy = Action->getValueAsDef("DestTy");

237 MVT::SimpleValueType DestVT = getValueType(DestTy);

238 O << IndentStr << "LocVT = " << getEnumName(DestVT) << ";\n";

239 if (MVT(DestVT).isFloatingPoint()) {

240 PrintFatalError("CCPromoteToUpperBitsInType does not handle floating "

241 "point");

242 } else {

243 O << IndentStr << "if (ArgFlags.isSExt())\n"

244 << IndentStr << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::SExtUpper;\n"

245 << IndentStr << "else if (ArgFlags.isZExt())\n"

246 << IndentStr << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::ZExtUpper;\n"

247 << IndentStr << "else\n"

248 << IndentStr << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::AExtUpper;\n";

249 }

250 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCBitConvertToType")) {

251 Record *DestTy = Action->getValueAsDef("DestTy");

252 O << IndentStr << "LocVT = " << getEnumName(getValueType(DestTy)) <<";\n";

253 O << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::BCvt;\n";

254 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCPassIndirect")) {

255 Record *DestTy = Action->getValueAsDef("DestTy");

256 O << IndentStr << "LocVT = " << getEnumName(getValueType(DestTy)) <<";\n";

257 O << IndentStr << "LocInfo = CCValAssign::Indirect;\n";

258 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCPassByVal")) {

259 int Size = Action->getValueAsInt("Size");

260 int Align = Action->getValueAsInt("Align");

261 O << IndentStr

262 << "State.HandleByVal(ValNo, ValVT, LocVT, LocInfo, "

263 << Size << ", " << Align << ", ArgFlags);\n";

264 O << IndentStr << "return false;\n";

265 } else if (Action->isSubClassOf("CCCustom")) {

266 O << IndentStr

267 << "if (" << Action->getValueAsString("FuncName") << "(ValNo, ValVT, "

268 << "LocVT, LocInfo, ArgFlags, State))\n";

269 O << IndentStr << IndentStr << "return false;\n";

270 } else {

271 Action->dump();

272 PrintFatalError("Unknown CCAction!");

273 }

274 }

275 }

EmitAction方法虽然比较大，但逻辑并不复杂，实际上从TableGen描述到生成代码间的映射相当简单。以CC_X86_32_C为例（注意它与对应的调用惯例定义同名），生成的函数形式如下（如果与TableGen的描述对比，可以看到明显的对应关系）（v7.0生成的代码也是按照上面的步骤生成的，因此不再列出）：

314 static bool CC_X86_32_C(unsigned ValNo, MVT ValVT,

315 MVT LocVT, CCValAssign::LocInfo LocInfo,

316 ISD::ArgFlagsTy ArgFlags, CCState &State) {

317

318 if (LocVT == MVT::i1 ||

319 LocVT == MVT::i8 ||

320 LocVT == MVT::i16) {

321 LocVT = MVT::i32;

322 if (ArgFlags.isSExt())

323 LocInfo = CCValAssign::SExt;

324 else if (ArgFlags.isZExt())

325 LocInfo = CCValAssign::ZExt;

326 else

327 LocInfo = CCValAssign::AExt;

328 }

329

330 if (ArgFlags.isNest()) {

331 if (unsigned Reg = State.AllocateReg(X86::ECX)) {

332 State.addLoc(CCValAssign::getReg(ValNo, ValVT, Reg, LocVT, LocInfo));

333 return false;

334 }

335 }

336

337 if (!State.isVarArg()) {

338 if (ArgFlags.isInReg()) {

339 if (LocVT == MVT::i32) {

340 static const MCPhysReg RegList1[] = {

341 X86::EAX, X86::EDX, X86::ECX

342 };

343 if (unsigned Reg = State.AllocateReg(RegList1)) {

344 State.addLoc(CCValAssign::getReg(ValNo, ValVT, Reg, LocVT, LocInfo));

345 return false;

346 }

347 }

348 }

349 }

350

351 if (!CC_X86_32_Common(ValNo, ValVT, LocVT, LocInfo, ArgFlags, State))

352 return false;

353

354 return true; // CC didn't match.

355 }

315行的CCValAssign::LocInfo是一个枚举类型，描述对所要赋值内存的占用情况。这个枚举值随后传递给CCValAssign的getReg()，用于构建CCValAssign实例。CCValAssign::getReg()用来分配一个代表寄存器赋值的CCValAssign实例。

77 static CCValAssign getReg(unsigned ValNo, MVT ValVT,

78 unsigned RegNo, MVT LocVT,

79 LocInfo HTP) {

80 CCValAssign Ret;

81 Ret.ValNo = ValNo;

82 Ret.Loc = RegNo;

83 Ret.isMem = false;

84 Ret.isCustom = false;

85 Ret.HTP = HTP;

86 Ret.ValVT = ValVT;

87 Ret.LocVT = LocVT;

88 return Ret;

89 }

CCState的addLoc()方法则只是将这个CCValAssign实例记录在Locs容器里（实际上是在构造这个CCState实例时传入的容器）。

注意343行，如果调用惯例不是可变参数，且参数是通过寄存器传递的i32类型，则需使用EAX，EDX或ECX之一。CCState成员UsedRegs来记录寄存器的使用情况，通过AllocateReg()方法在UsedRegs中标定已经被使用的寄存器。

而余下情形，则需要351行调用CC_X86_32_Common()方法来处理。

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LLVM学习笔记（47）

3.7.3.TableGen的处理3.7.3.1. 基本数据结构在文件CallingConvLower.h中定义了两个基本的数据结构：CCValAssign与CCState。CCValAssign在编译期间用于记录参数或返回值向寄存器或栈赋值的细节，它定义了以下成员：32 class CCValAssign {33 public:34 ...
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