LintCode Sqrt(x) x的平方根

实现 int sqrt(int x) 函数，计算并返回 x 的平方根。

样例
sqrt(3) = 1
sqrt(4) = 2
sqrt(5) = 2
sqrt(10) = 3

挑战
O(log(x))

Compute and return the square root of x.

Example
sqrt(3) = 1
sqrt(4) = 2
sqrt(5) = 2
sqrt(10) = 3

Challenge
O(log(x))

//注意平方可能会超出int的表示范围
class Solution {
    /**
     * @param x: An integer
     * @return: The sqrt of x
     */
    public static int sqrt(int x) {
        int low = 0, high = x;
        while(low <= high) {
            int mid = low + (high - low)/2;
            long square = (long)mid * (long)mid;
            long square1 = (long)(mid + 1) * (long)(mid + 1);
            long square2 = (long)(mid - 1) * (long)(mid - 1);

            if(square == x) return mid;
            if(square < x && square1 > x) return mid;
            if(square > x && square2 < x) return mid - 1;
            if(square < x) low = mid + 1;
            else high = mid - 1;
        }
        return -1;
    }
}