一.运算符
运算符的类型包括算数运算符、赋值运算符、比较运算符、逻辑运算符
1.算术运算符
正号+
负号-
加+ 减- 乘* 除/
在除法中的注意事项:
1.除数不能为小数
2.若除数和被除数的数值类型为整型,则除法运算后得到的结果是正确结果的整数部分
3.小数也可以做除法运算,结果是整数或者是小数。
2.取模运算:求余数
注意事项:
1.小数不能做取模运算,只有整数才能做取模运算
2.被取模的数字不能为0
10%3=1
10%20=10(因为10除以20是商0余10)
多行注释:先ctrl+k,再ctrl+c
取消多行注释:先ctrl+k,再ctrl+u
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a = 10;
int b = 3;
cout << a % b << endl;//取模运算
int c = 10;
int d = 20;
cout << c % d << endl;//运算结果为10,因为10除以20商0余数是10
/*int e = 10;
int f = 0;
cout << e % f << endl;*/
//被取模的数值不能为0;
//先ctrl+k 再ctrl+c,多行注释
//先ctrl+k,再ctrl+u,取消多行注释
//两个小数不能做取模运算
system("pause");
return 0;
}
3.自加和自减运算符
前置自加:++a,先将变量加1,再进行表达式的运算
后置自加:a++,先进行表达式的运算,再将变量加1
前置自减:–a,先将变量减1,再进行表达式的运算
后置自减;a–,先进行表达式的运算,再将变量减1
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//后置递增
int a1 = 10;
a1++;//先做运算,再加1
cout << "a1=" << a1 << endl;
//前置递增
int a2 = 10;
++a2;//先加1,再做运算
cout << "a2=" << a2 << endl;
//前置与后置的区别
//后置递增,先进行表达式的运算,再让变量加1
int a3 = 10;
int b3 = a3++ * 10;//
cout << "a3=" << a3 << endl;//a3=11
cout << "b3=" << b3 << endl;//b3=100
//前置递增,先让变量加1,再进行表达式的运算
int a4 = 10;
int b4 = ++a4 * 10;
cout << "a4=" << a4 << endl;//a4=11
cout << "b4=" << b4 << endl;//b4=110
//后置递减
int c1 = 10;
c1--;
cout << "c1=" << c1 << endl;
//前置递减
int c2 = 10;
--c2;
cout << "c2=" << c2 << endl;
//前置与后置的区别
//后置递减,先进行表达式运算,再让变量减1;
int c3 = 10;//输出结果为9
int d3 = c3-- * 10;//输出结果为100
cout << "c3=" << c3 << endl;
cout << "d3" << d3 << endl;
//前置递减,先让变量减1,再进行表达式运算
int c4 = 10;//输出结果为9
int d4 = --c4 * 10;//输出结果为90
cout << "c4=" << c4 << endl;
cout << "d4=" << d4 << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4.赋值运算符
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a = 10;
a += 2;
cout << "a=" << a << endl;
a = 10;
a -= 2;
cout << "a=" << a << endl;
a = 10;
a *= 2;
cout << "a=" << a << endl;
a = 10;
a /= 2;
cout << "a=" << a << endl;
a = 10;
a %= 2;
cout << "a=" << a << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
5.比较运算符
== != > < >= <=
返回值为bool类型,如果符合为真(1),不符合为假(0)
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
//==
cout << (a == b) << endl;
//!=
cout << (a != b) << endl;
//>
cout << (a > b) << endl;
//<
cout << (a < b) << endl;
//>=
cout<<(a >= b) << endl;
//<=
cout << (a <= b) << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
6.逻辑运算符
(1)逻辑非
! !a 如果a为真,则!a为假;如果a为假,则!a为真
(2)逻辑与
&& a&&b 如果a和b都为真,则结果为真,否则为假;
(3)逻辑或
|| a||b 如果a和b只要满足有一个为真,结果为真;a和b都为假时结果为假。
逻辑非
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//逻辑运算符 非 !
int a = 10;
cout << "!a=" << !a << endl;//结果为0
cout << "!!a=" << !!a << endl;//结果为1
//在c++中,除了0为假,其余都为真
system("pause");
return 0;
}
逻辑与
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a = 10, b = 20;
//二者同为真时为真,只要有一个为假即为假
cout <<"a&&b=" <<(a && b) << endl;
int a1 = 0, b1 = 10;
cout << "a1&&b1=" << (a1 && b1) << endl;
int a2 = 0, b2 = 0;
cout << "a2&&b2=" << (a2 && b2) << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
逻辑或
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
//逻辑或,同为假时为假,其余为真
int a1 = 0, b1 = 0;
cout << "a1||b1=" << (a1 || b1) << endl;
int a2 = 10, b2 = 0;
cout << "a2||b2=" << (a2 || b2) << endl;
int a3 = 10, b3 = 20;
cout << "a3||b3=" << (a3 || b3) << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}