A tree is a connected graph that doesn't contain any cycles.
The distance between two vertices of a tree is the length (in edges) of the shortest path between these vertices.
You are given a tree with n vertices and a positive number k. Find the number of distinct pairs of the vertices which have a distance of exactly k between them. Note that pairs (v, u) and (u, v) are considered to be the same pair.
Input
The first line contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 50000, 1 ≤ k ≤ 500) — the number of vertices and the required distance between the vertices.
Next n - 1 lines describe the edges as "ai bi" (without the quotes) (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ n, ai ≠ bi), where ai and bi are the vertices connected by the i-th edge. All given edges are different.
Output
Print a single integer — the number of distinct pairs of the tree's vertices which have a distance of exactly k between them.
Please do not use the %lld specifier to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the cin, cout streams or the %I64dspecifier.
Examples
input
Copy
5 2 1 2 2 3 3 4 2 5
output
Copy
4
input
Copy
5 3 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
output
Copy
2
Note
In the first sample the pairs of vertexes at distance 2 from each other are (1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 5) and (2, 4).
题意:
给你一棵树,要你求顶点之间距离为k的有多少对,求的是组合,不是排列。
思路:
树型dp,设计状态,为dp[u][j],以u为起点的长度为j的顶点个数。
代码:
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define LL long long
using namespace std;
const int maxn=5e4+100;
const int maxm=600;
LL ans;
struct node
{
int to,Next;
};
node Edge[2*maxn];
int Head[maxn];
int cnt;
int dp[maxn][maxm];
void add(int u,int v)
{
Edge[++cnt].to=v;
Edge[cnt].Next=Head[u];
Head[u]=cnt;
return ;
}
void dfs(int u,int fa,int k)
{
dp[u][0]=1;
for(int i=1;i<=k;i++)
{
dp[u][i]=0;
}
for(int i=Head[u];i!=-1;i=Edge[i].Next)
{
int v=Edge[i].to;
if(v==fa)
{
continue;
}
dfs(v,u,k);
for(int j=0;j<k;j++)
{
ans+=dp[u][j]*dp[v][k-j-1];
}
for(int j=1;j<=k;j++)
{
dp[u][j]+=dp[v][j-1];
}
}
return;
}
int main()
{
memset(Head,-1,sizeof(Head));
int n,k;
cin>>n>>k;
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
int u,v;
cin>>u>>v;
add(u,v);
add(v,u);
}
dfs(1,0,k);
cout<<ans<<endl;
return 0;
}
反思:这种树上计数的题总能想到大概的思路,但总是写不出要好好练习一下。