Techniques for reducing avoidable bias (吴恩达《MACHINE LEARNING YEARNING》)

减少可避免偏差的方法

如果你的学习算法遭受高可避免偏差,你可以尝试以下方法:

  • 增加模型大小(如神经元/层的数量):该方法可以减少偏差,因为它可以让你更好的适应训练集。如果你发现该方法增加了方差,那么使用正则化方法,它通常能够消除方差的增加。
    基于错误分析的洞察修改输入特征:假设错误分析启发你去创建额外的特征,以帮助算法消除特定类别的错误。(我们在下一章节进一步讨论)这些新特征可能有助于减少偏差和方差。理论上来说,增加更多的特征可能会增加方差,但如果你发现这种情况,那么久使用正则化方法,它通常能够消除方差的增加。
  • 减少或消除正则化(L2正则化,L1正则化,dropout):这将减少可避免偏差,但会增加方差。
  • 修改模型架构(如神经网络架构)以便更适合你的问题:这种方法能够影响偏差和方差。
    一种没有帮助的方法:
  • 增加更多训练数据:这种方法有助于解决方差问题,但是它通常对偏差没有显著的影响。
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Multi-objective evolutionary federated learning (MEFL) is a machine learning approach that combines the principles of multi-objective optimization and federated learning. Multi-objective optimization is a technique that aims to optimize multiple objectives simultaneously, while federated learning is a decentralized machine learning approach that allows multiple devices to train a model collaboratively without sharing their data. MEFL is designed to overcome the limitations of traditional federated learning approaches, which often suffer from issues related to privacy, communication, and scalability. By using multi-objective optimization, MEFL can optimize the performance of the federated learning algorithm while also addressing these issues. MEFL works by dividing the optimization problem into multiple objectives, such as minimizing the loss function, reducing communication costs, and preserving privacy. A genetic algorithm is then used to optimize these objectives simultaneously, producing a set of Pareto-optimal solutions that represent the trade-offs between the different objectives. These Pareto-optimal solutions can then be used to select the best model for deployment, depending on the specific requirements of the application. MEFL has been shown to be effective in a wide range of applications, including image classification, natural language processing, and speech recognition. Overall, MEFL represents a promising approach to federated learning that can improve the privacy, communication, and scalability of the algorithm while also optimizing its performance.

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