全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3 Unit 5 测试答案 We Learn

Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

A) merchant

B) appearance

C) in accordance with

D) appeared

E) able

F) startled

G) tiny

H) definite

I) indefinite

J) capable

K) occurred

L) startling

M) wrinkled

N) reflections

O) in alliance with

​ These 1) have 2) to me because I read in this morning’s paper that Edward Hyde Burton had died at Kobe. He was a 3) and he had been in business in Japan for many years. I knew him very little, but he interested me because once he gave me a great surprise. Unless I had heard the story from his own lips, I should never have believed that he was 4) of such an action. It was more 5) because both in 6) and manner he suggested a very 7) type. Here if ever was a man all of a piece. He was a 8) little fellow, not much more than five feet four in height, and very slender, with white hair, a red face much 9) , and blue eyes. I suppose he was about sixty when I knew him. He was always neatly and quietly dressed 10) his age and station.

Answer：N K A J L B H G M C

Section B

Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

​ How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.
​ Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.
​ What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example.
​ Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion houses.
​ At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you don’t look like the latest fashion photos. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either!

11. The author thinks that people are ________.
    A) satisfied with their appearance
    B) concerned about appearance in old age
    C) far from neglecting what is in fashion
    D) reluctant to follow the trends in fashion
12. Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to ________.
    A) confidence in life
    B) personal dress
    C) personal behavior
    D) personal success
13. Which is NOT the reason that makes fashions change?
    A) Practicality.
    B) Individual affection.
    C) Celebrity effect.
    D) Convenience.
14. Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes ________.
    A) uniformity
    B) formality
    C) informality
    D) individuality
15. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?
    A) Care about appearance in formal situations.
    B) Fashion in formal and informal situations.
    C) Ignoring appearance in informal situations.
    D) Ignoring appearance in all situations.

Passage Two

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance (抱怨). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers (房间), so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

16. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.
    A) posing a contrast
    B) justifying an assumption
    C) making a comparison
    D) explaining a phenomenon
17. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last sentence, paragraph 1) implies that ________.
    A) monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals
    B) righteous indignation is also monkeys’ nature
    C) monkeys, like humans, tend to complain with each other
    D) no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions
18. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________.
    A) more inclined to weigh what they get
    B) attentive to researchers’ instructions
    C) nice in both appearance and temperament
    D) more generous than their male companions
19. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.
    A) are as selfish as humans
    B) can be taught to exchange things
    C) will not be co-operative if feeling treated unfairly
    D) are unhappy when separated from others
20. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
    A) Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
    B) Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
    C) Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
    D) Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.

Passage Three

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.
Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, “Why We Should, Like, Care”. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive ― there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.
Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms ― he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.

21. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ________.
    A) is inevitable in radical education reforms
    B) is but all too natural in language development
    C) has caused the controversy over the counter-culture
    D) brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s
22. The word “talking” (Paragraph 3) denotes ________.
    A) formality
    B) personality
    C) vividness
    D) informality
23. Which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree to?
    A) Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.
    B) Black English can be more expressive than Standard English.
    C) Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.
    D) Of all the varieties, Standard English can best convey complex ideas.
24. The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s ________.
    A) interest in their language
    B) appreciation of their efforts
    C) struggle against the decline of formal English
    D) contempt for their old-fashionedness
25. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as ________.
    A) “radical” is to “conservative”
    B) “informal” is to “formal”
    C) “functional” is to “artistic”
    D) “inferior” is to “superior”

Passage Four

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when we are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.
Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.
What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men have followed example.
There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Ⅱ, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter until the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again.
Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions of the top fashion houses.
At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you don’t look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either!

26. The author thinks that people are _________.
    A) satisfied with their appearance
    B) concerned about appearance in old age
    C) far from neglecting what is in fashion
    D) reluctant to follow the trends in fashion
27. Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to _________.
    A) confidence in life
    B) personal dress
    C) individual hair style
    D) personal future
28. Causes of fashions are _________.
    A) uniform
    B) varied
    C) unknown
    D) inexplicable
29. Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes _________.
    A) uniformity
    B) formality
    C) informality
    D) individuality
30. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?
    A) Care about appearance in formal situations.
    B) Fashion in formal and informal situations.
    C) Ignoring appearance in informal situations.
    D) Ignoring appearance in all situations.

Vocabulary and Structure

Section A

Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.

31. Let me be quite ______ with you: your work is not good enough.
    A) insincere
    B) unfair
    C) partial
    D) candid
32. Bob seems to have a(n) ______ for knowing which products will sell.
    A) distinction
    B) execution
    C) extinction
    D) instinct
33. He wants the job purely for reasons of ______ and ambition.
    A) humanity
    B) harmony
    C) frequency
    D) vanity
34. It’s ______ ― from the outside the building looks small, but inside it’s quite big.
    A) deceptive
    B) acceptive
    C) receptive
    D) appreciative
35. This mean act of his is quite of a _____ with his conduct generally.
    A) sheet
    B) piece
    C) bit
    D) part
36. I was in a puzzle and _____ to know where he had been.
    A) living
    B) pressing
    C) plucking
    D) dying
37. He is _____ a genius.
    A) part of
    B) something of
    C) much of
    D) handful of
38. He has got _____ stuff ready for building his new house.
    A) heaps of
    B) crowds of
    C) a large quantity of
    D) many a
39. They all have _____ preparing themselves for the coming examination.
    A) set about
    B) set off
    C) set out
    D) set up
40. His parents, _____, are very proud of him as he’s become one of the volunteers of the Shanghai World Expo.
    A) for their parts
    B) by themselves
    C) on their own
    D) of their own
41. There is no easy solution to Japan’s labour _____.
    A) decline
    B) vacancy
    C) rarity
    D) shortage
42. _____ elementary schooling is more important than secondary schooling.
    A) In a way
    B) In the way
    C) On the way
    D) By the way
43. I enjoyed the work at the factory very much, especially in _______ it kept me closely in touch with both workers and management.
    A) which
    B) where
    C) that
    D) the way which
44. She received something ________ a surprise when Robert said that he was coming to New York.
    A) like
    B) in
    C) about
    D) of
45. Class was _____ when the principal came in to tell us the good news.
    A) starting
    B) discussing
    C) suspended
    D) ended
46. The hostess dressed in her finest costume together with the guests of honor _______ comfortably in the living room.
    A) was seated
    B) were seated
    C) was seating
    D) seated
47. Last night his house was broken in, but _____, nothing valuable was stolen.
    A) oddly enough
    B) all in all
    C) in a way
    D) on the whole
48. The boy was late for class over and over again, so Mrs. Smith decided to _______ so that he could get rid of the bad habit. Which of the following is WRONG?
    A) give him a lesson
    B) fail him
    C) discipline him
    D) punish him
49. She loved her father, but his serious crime made her hate him. At that moment, conflicting emotions _______ in her heart.
    A) welled up
    B) flooded up
    C) mounted up
    D) rose up
50. It’s surprising that this innocent-looking person should have _____ such a crime.
    A) performed
    B) made
    C) acted
    D) committed
51. The _______ of the United States says that there must be a presidential election every four years.
    A) Constitution
    B) Law
    C) Legislation
    D) Judicature
52. _______ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.
    A) As
    B) Since
    C) Provided
    D) While
53. Everybody is saying how wonderful city life is, but ________ I prefer living in the country.
    A) to my side
    B) for my part
    C) for my side
    D) to my part
54. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ________ before the West was settled.
    A) could
    B) was
    C) would
    D) did
55. She was sitting at the bar ________ a Martini.
    A) sipping
    B) dipping
    C) tipping
    D) licking
56. The car has been well maintained and is in excellent ________.
    A) conclusion
    B) condition
    C) formation
    D) duration
57. The panda is an endangered species, which means that it is very likely to become ________ without adequate protection.
    A) intact
    B) insane
    C) extinct
    D) exempt
58. He was ________ after people told him that sad news.
    A) all of a piece
    B) all a piece
    C) all to pieces
    D) all pieces
59. He was buried in his hometown, ________ his wishes.
    A) according
    B) in accordance to
    C) in accordance with
    D) according with
60. Some of the volcanoes have lain here peacefully for ________ sky-blue lakes have formed in their craters.
    A) as long as
    B) such long as
    C) longer than
    D) so long that
61. In East Asia, a 19 percent average of female representation in parliaments is more than one and a half times ________ of industrial countries.
    A) what
    B) which
    C) much
    D) that
62. I had lost my pen, but she ________ up another one for me from somewhere.
    A) confirmed
    B) confused
    C) conjured
    D) conjectured
63. The US government’s decision to ________ education budget has triggered strong protests from public universities.
    A) slim
    B) trim
    C) trimmer
    D) dim
64. She ________ her shoes with a piece of cloth to make them shine.
    A) rubs
    B) rids
    C) scratches
    D) caresses
65. The weather, which had ________ been sunny and warm, suddenly turned cold again.
    A) thereafter
    B) hitherto（迄今为止）
    C) therefore
    D) hence （因此）
66. Sula seems to have transferred her ______ from Jon to his brother.
    A) affiliations
    B) attractions
    C) affinities
    D) affections
67. You need to demonstrate to the examiners that you have more than a ________ understanding of the text.
    A) liberal（开明的）
    B) figurative（比喻的、形象的）
    C) literal（字面意义的、按照原文的）
    D) comparative（相对的、比较的）
68. He would ________ in Paris every few months and stay a little while; he would get money out of someone or other and then disappear again.
    A) turn to
    B) turn up
    C) turn over
    D) turn down
69. A real man can always smile at any setbacks in life with good ________.
    A) mood
    B) grace
    C) honor
    D) taste
70. This is sheer ________ talk. There is not a word of truth in it.
    A) deceived （欺骗的过去时）
    B) deceptive（欺骗性的）
    C) decent（得体的）
    D) deceit（n. 欺骗; 诡计）

注：以上得分 97 分。