Android 11 从沙盒拷贝文件到外部共享存储区域

本文是 Android 11 从外部存储读取文件到应用沙盒存储   的兄弟篇 ：Android 11 从沙盒拷贝文件到外部共享存储区域，效果：

1. 需求中我们需要把自己应用沙盒的文件拷贝到外部共享存储区域，提供给其他app使用

1）外部共享存储区域：主要是指Enviromnent下的 如

Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM
Environment.DIRECTORY_DOCUMENTS
Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS
Environment.DIRECTORY_MOVIES
Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES
Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC

等。

2）外部存储区域：指SDCard下任意路径。

        在Android11以上已经不能随便访问任意外部存储路径了，并且也不能直接new File形式访问。（其实是在Android 10 谷歌就开始建议，但是没有强制。开发者可以通过在AndroidManifest.xml application节点中加上android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"属性还能继续访问外部存储）

2.  拷贝自己应用沙盒路径下文件到外部共享存储区域核心实现：

  1）工具方法

 /**
     * 拷贝沙盒中的文件到外部存储区域
     * @param filePath 沙盒文件路径
     * @param  externalUri 外部存储文件的 uri
     */
    public static boolean copySandFileToExternalUri(Context context, String filePath, Uri externalUri) {
        ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        OutputStream outputStream = null;
        boolean ret = false;
        try {
            outputStream = contentResolver.openOutputStream(externalUri);
            File sandFile = new File(filePath);
            if(sandFile.exists()) {
                inputStream = new FileInputStream(sandFile);

                int readCount = 0;
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                while ((readCount = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    outputStream.write(buffer, 0 , readCount);
                    outputStream.flush();
                }
            }
            ret = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "copy SandFile To ExternalUri. e = " + e.toString());
            ret = false;
        } finally {
            try {
                if(outputStream != null) {
                    outputStream.close();
                }
                if(inputStream != null) {
                    inputStream.close();
                }
                Log.d(TAG, " input stream and output stream close successful.");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                Log.e(TAG, " input stream and output stream close fail. e = " + e.toString());
            }
            return ret;
        }
    }

2） 调用例子

android 6.0以上需要动态申请权限，因此需要先进行权限判断：

 已有权限走else case

                /**
                 * android 6.0以上动态权限申请：写权限
                 */
                if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M && ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(),
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, FileHandlePresenter.PERMISSION_CODE_WRITE_EXTERNAL);
                } else {
                    fileHandlePresenter.handleWriteExternalStorage();
                }

 权限申请回调

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull @NotNull String[] permissions, @NonNull @NotNull int[] grantResults) {
  
    ......
    } else if(requestCode == PERMISSION_CODE_WRITE_EXTERNAL) {
        if(grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            handleWriteExternalStorage();
        }
    } 
     ......
}

获得权限后拷贝文件操作：

    /**
     *   将沙盒中的文件/data/data/包名/cache/test.txt 保存到外部存储区域 sdcard/test.txt
     */
    public void handleWriteExternalStorage() {
        File sandFile = new File(mFragment.getActivity().getCacheDir() + File.separator + "test.txt");
        if(!sandFile.exists()) {
            Toast.makeText(mFragment.getActivity(), "请先手动创建test.txt 并且保存到/data/data/包名/cache/下", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            return;
        }
        ThreadManager.getInstence().postTask(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Uri externalUri = null;
                if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
                    File externalFile = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
                    File destFile = new File(externalFile + File.separator + "test.txt");
                    externalUri = Uri.fromFile(destFile);
                } else {
                    ContentResolver resolver = mFragment.getActivity().getContentResolver();
                    ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                    values.put(MediaStore.Downloads.DISPLAY_NAME, "test.txt");
                    values.put(MediaStore.Downloads.RELATIVE_PATH, Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);//保存路径
                    Uri uri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external");
                    externalUri = resolver.insert(uri, values);
                }

                boolean ret = FileHelper.copySandFileToExternalUri(mFragment.getActivity(), sandFile.getAbsolutePath(), externalUri);
                mFragment.getActivity().runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Toast.makeText(mFragment.getActivity(), "从沙盒" + sandFile.getAbsolutePath() + "中拷贝文件到外部存储"
                                + Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getAbsolutePath()
                                + ", 结果= " + ret, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }

Demo地址：

https://github.com/mikelhm/MikelProjectDemo