Android开发 获取截屏后图片 + 高斯模糊

产品需求：

每个界面调起需要设置前一个界面的高斯模糊为背景，经解析大概是需要三步：

1.在Activity的onCreate中截取图片

2.对截取到图片进行高斯模糊

3.设置高斯模糊后的图片为Activity的background

总结了网上的一些方法使用了MediaProjectionManager+EasyBlur，经测试截屏+模糊需要300~600ms，时间有点长慎重使用。

下面介绍一种截屏方法：使用MediaProjectionManager

1.添加权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />

2.获取MediaProjectionManager对象

MediaProjectionManager mediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager)
                getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);
if (mediaProjectionManager != null) {
    startActivityForResult(mediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(), 1);
}

3.onActivityResult中结果反馈并调用截屏

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == 1 && resultCode == RESULT_OK && data != null) {
            //开始截屏
            startScreenShot(data);
        }
    }

4.获取截屏后图片并进行高斯模糊

    public void startScreenShot(Intent data) {
        ScreenShotHelper screenShotHelper = new ScreenShotHelper(MainActivity.this
                , RESULT_OK
                , data
                , getScreenWidth()
                , bitmap -> {
            //对截屏后图片进行高斯模糊
            Bitmap blurBitmap = EasyBlur.with(MainActivity.this)
                    .bitmap(bitmap)
                    .radius(2)
                    .blur();
        });
        screenShotHelper.startScreenShot();
    }

    private int getScreenWidth() {
        int dpi = 0;
        Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
        DisplayMetrics dm = new DisplayMetrics();
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
            Class c = Class.forName("android.view.Display");
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            Method method = c.getMethod("getRealMetrics", DisplayMetrics.class);
            method.invoke(display, dm);
            dpi = dm.widthPixels;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return dpi;
    }

5.截屏类ScreenShotHelper

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager;
import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
import android.media.Image;
import android.media.ImageReader;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjection;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Handler;

import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

public class ScreenShotHelper {
    private static final String TAG = "ScreenShotHelper";
    private final SoftReference<Context> mRefContext;
    private OnScreenShotListener mOnScreenShotListener;

    private ImageReader mImageReader;
    private MediaProjection mMediaProjection;
    private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay;
    private int mScreenWidth;

    public ScreenShotHelper(Context context, int resultCode, Intent data, int width
            , OnScreenShotListener onScreenShotListener) {
        this.mOnScreenShotListener = onScreenShotListener;
        this.mRefContext = new SoftReference<>(context);
        this.mScreenWidth = width;

        mMediaProjection = getMediaProjectionManager().getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);
        mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(width
                , getScreenHeight(), PixelFormat.RGBA_8888, 1);
    }

    private int getScreenHeight() {
        return Resources.getSystem().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels;
    }

    public void startScreenShot() {
        createVirtualDisplay();
        Handler handler = new Handler();
        handler.postDelayed(() -> new CreateBitmapTask(this).execute(), 100);
    }

    private MediaProjectionManager getMediaProjectionManager() {
        return (MediaProjectionManager) getContext().getSystemService(
                Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);
    }

    private void createVirtualDisplay() {
        mVirtualDisplay = mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(
                "screen-mirror", mScreenWidth, getScreenHeight(),
                Resources.getSystem().getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi,
                DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR,
                mImageReader.getSurface(), null, null
        );
    }

    private Context getContext() {
        return mRefContext.get();
    }

    public interface OnScreenShotListener {
        void onFinish(Bitmap bitmap);

        void onFailed();
    }

    private static class CreateBitmapTask extends AsyncTask<Image, Void, Bitmap> {

        private ScreenShotHelper helper;
        private Image image;
        private Bitmap bitmap;

        CreateBitmapTask(ScreenShotHelper helper) {
            WeakReference<ScreenShotHelper> weakReference = new WeakReference<>(helper);
            this.helper = weakReference.get();
        }

        @Override
        protected Bitmap doInBackground(Image... params) {
            LogUtil.i(TAG, "ScreenShot startScreenShot");
            image = helper.mImageReader.acquireLatestImage();
            if (image == null) {
                LogUtil.E(TAG, "ScreenShot image is null");
                return null;
            }

            try {
                int width = image.getWidth();
                int height = image.getHeight();
                final Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();
                final ByteBuffer buffer = planes[0].getBuffer();

                int pixelStride = planes[0].getPixelStride();

                int rowStride = planes[0].getRowStride();
                int rowPadding = rowStride - pixelStride * width;
                bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width + rowPadding / pixelStride
                        , height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
                bitmap.copyPixelsFromBuffer(buffer);
                bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
                image.close();
                helper.mImageReader.close();
                LogUtil.i(TAG, "ScreenShot endScreenShot");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                LogUtil.E(TAG, "ScreenShot failed: " + e.getMessage());
            }

            return bitmap;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
            super.onPostExecute(bitmap);
            if (bitmap == null) {
                LogUtil.E(TAG, "ScreenShot bitmap is null");
                if (helper.mOnScreenShotListener != null) {
                    helper.mOnScreenShotListener.onFailed();
                }
                return;
            }
            if (helper.mVirtualDisplay != null) {
                helper.mVirtualDisplay.release();
                helper.mVirtualDisplay = null;
            }
            if (helper.mMediaProjection != null) {
                helper.mMediaProjection.stop();
                helper.mMediaProjection = null;
            }

            if (helper.mOnScreenShotListener != null) {
                helper.mOnScreenShotListener.onFinish(bitmap);
            }
        }
    }

}

6.高斯模糊类EasyBlur，网上通用，这里拿来用一下

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.renderscript.Allocation;
import android.renderscript.Element;
import android.renderscript.RenderScript;
import android.renderscript.ScriptIntrinsicBlur;
import android.util.Log;

public class EasyBlur {
    private static final String TAG = "EasyBlur";
    private static final float SCALE = 1 / 8.0F;//default scale
    private static volatile EasyBlur singleton = null;
    private Bitmap mBitmap;
    private int mRadius = 0;
    private float mScale = SCALE;
    private Context mContext;
    private BlurPolicy mPolicy = BlurPolicy.RS_BLUR;//默认使用rs 模糊图片

    private EasyBlur(Context context) {
        this.mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
    }

    /**
     * 单例
     *
     * @param context 上下文
     * @return 单例模式 返回
     */
    public static EasyBlur with(Context context) {
        if (singleton == null) {
            synchronized (EasyBlur.class) {
                if (singleton == null) {
                    singleton = new EasyBlur(context);
                }
            }
        }
        return singleton;
    }

    /**
     * 使用RenderScript 模糊图片
     *
     * @param context 上下文
     * @param source  bitmap资源
     * @return 返回bitmap对象
     */
    private static Bitmap rsBlur(Context context, Bitmap source, int radius, float scale) {
        Log.i(TAG, "origin size:" + source.getWidth() + "*" + source.getHeight());
        int width = Math.round(source.getWidth() * scale);
        int height = Math.round(source.getHeight() * scale);

        Bitmap inputBmp = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(source, width, height, false);

        RenderScript renderScript = RenderScript.create(context);

        Log.i(TAG, "scale size:" + inputBmp.getWidth() + "*" + inputBmp.getHeight());

        // Allocate memory for Renderscript to work with

        final Allocation input = Allocation.createFromBitmap(renderScript, inputBmp);
        final Allocation output = Allocation.createTyped(renderScript, input.getType());

        // Load up an instance of the specific script that we want to use.
        ScriptIntrinsicBlur scriptIntrinsicBlur = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(renderScript, Element.U8_4(renderScript));
        scriptIntrinsicBlur.setInput(input);

        // Set the blur radius
        scriptIntrinsicBlur.setRadius(radius);

        // Start the ScriptIntrinisicBlur
        scriptIntrinsicBlur.forEach(output);

        // Copy the output to the blurred bitmap
        output.copyTo(inputBmp);


        renderScript.destroy();

        return inputBmp;
    }

    /**
     * Stack Blur v1.0 from
     * http://www.quasimondo.com/StackBlurForCanvas/StackBlurDemo.html
     * Java Author: Mario Klingemann <mario at quasimondo.com>
     * http://incubator.quasimondo.com
     * <p>
     * created Feburary 29, 2004
     * Android port : Yahel Bouaziz <yahel at kayenko.com>
     * http://www.kayenko.com
     * ported april 5th, 2012
     * <p>
     * This is a compromise between Gaussian Blur and Box blur
     * It creates much better looking blurs than Box Blur, but is
     * 7x faster than my Gaussian Blur implementation.
     * <p>
     * I called it Stack Blur because this describes best how this
     * filter works internally: it creates a kind of moving stack
     * of colors whilst scanning through the image. Thereby it
     * just has to add one new block of color to the right side
     * of the stack and remove the leftmost color. The remaining
     * colors on the topmost layer of the stack are either added on
     * or reduced by one, depending on if they are on the right or
     * on the left side of the stack.
     * <p>
     * If you are using this algorithm in your code please add
     * the following line:
     * Stack Blur Algorithm by Mario Klingemann <mario@quasimondo.com>
     */

    private static Bitmap fastBlur(Bitmap sentBitmap, float scale, int radius) {
        int width = Math.round(sentBitmap.getWidth() * scale);
        int height = Math.round(sentBitmap.getHeight() * scale);
        sentBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(sentBitmap, width, height, false);

        Bitmap bitmap = sentBitmap.copy(sentBitmap.getConfig(), true);

        if (radius < 1) {
            return (null);
        }

        int w = bitmap.getWidth();
        int h = bitmap.getHeight();

        int[] pix = new int[w * h];
        Log.e("pix", w + " " + h + " " + pix.length);
        bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);

        int wm = w - 1;
        int hm = h - 1;
        int wh = w * h;
        int div = radius + radius + 1;

        int[] r = new int[wh];
        int[] g = new int[wh];
        int[] b = new int[wh];
        int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, p, yp, yi, yw;
        int[] vmin = new int[Math.max(w, h)];

        int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
        divsum *= divsum;
        int[] dv = new int[256 * divsum];
        for (i = 0; i < 256 * divsum; i++) {
            dv[i] = (i / divsum);
        }

        yw = yi = 0;

        int[][] stack = new int[div][3];
        int stackpointer;
        int stackstart;
        int[] sir;
        int rbs;
        int r1 = radius + 1;
        int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
        int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;

        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
            for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
                p = pix[yi + Math.min(wm, Math.max(i, 0))];
                sir = stack[i + radius];
                sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
                sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
                sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
                rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
                rsum += sir[0] * rbs;
                gsum += sir[1] * rbs;
                bsum += sir[2] * rbs;
                if (i > 0) {
                    rinsum += sir[0];
                    ginsum += sir[1];
                    binsum += sir[2];
                } else {
                    routsum += sir[0];
                    goutsum += sir[1];
                    boutsum += sir[2];
                }
            }
            stackpointer = radius;

            for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {

                r[yi] = dv[rsum];
                g[yi] = dv[gsum];
                b[yi] = dv[bsum];

                rsum -= routsum;
                gsum -= goutsum;
                bsum -= boutsum;

                stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
                sir = stack[stackstart % div];

                routsum -= sir[0];
                goutsum -= sir[1];
                boutsum -= sir[2];

                if (y == 0) {
                    vmin[x] = Math.min(x + radius + 1, wm);
                }
                p = pix[yw + vmin[x]];

                sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
                sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
                sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);

                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];

                rsum += rinsum;
                gsum += ginsum;
                bsum += binsum;

                stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
                sir = stack[(stackpointer) % div];

                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];

                rinsum -= sir[0];
                ginsum -= sir[1];
                binsum -= sir[2];

                yi++;
            }
            yw += w;
        }
        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
            rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
            yp = -radius * w;
            for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
                yi = Math.max(0, yp) + x;

                sir = stack[i + radius];

                sir[0] = r[yi];
                sir[1] = g[yi];
                sir[2] = b[yi];

                rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);

                rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
                gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
                bsum += b[yi] * rbs;

                if (i > 0) {
                    rinsum += sir[0];
                    ginsum += sir[1];
                    binsum += sir[2];
                } else {
                    routsum += sir[0];
                    goutsum += sir[1];
                    boutsum += sir[2];
                }

                if (i < hm) {
                    yp += w;
                }
            }
            yi = x;
            stackpointer = radius;
            for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
                // Preserve alpha channel: ( 0xff000000 & pix[yi] )
                pix[yi] = (0xff000000 & pix[yi]) | (dv[rsum] << 16) | (dv[gsum] << 8) | dv[bsum];

                rsum -= routsum;
                gsum -= goutsum;
                bsum -= boutsum;

                stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
                sir = stack[stackstart % div];

                routsum -= sir[0];
                goutsum -= sir[1];
                boutsum -= sir[2];

                if (x == 0) {
                    vmin[y] = Math.min(y + r1, hm) * w;
                }
                p = x + vmin[y];

                sir[0] = r[p];
                sir[1] = g[p];
                sir[2] = b[p];

                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];

                rsum += rinsum;
                gsum += ginsum;
                bsum += binsum;

                stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
                sir = stack[stackpointer];

                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];

                rinsum -= sir[0];
                ginsum -= sir[1];
                binsum -= sir[2];

                yi += w;
            }
        }

        Log.e("pix", w + " " + h + " " + pix.length);
        bitmap.setPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);
        return (bitmap);
    }

    public Bitmap blur() {
        if (mBitmap == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Bitmap can not be null");
        }
        if (mRadius == 0) {
            throw new RuntimeException("radius must > 0");
        }
        // support library running on 2.3(API 9)  and higher 算法
        if (mPolicy == BlurPolicy.FAST_BLUR) {
            LogUtil.i(TAG, "blur fast algorithm");
            return fastBlur(mBitmap, mScale, mRadius);
        } else {
            LogUtil.i(TAG, "blur render script  algorithm");
            return rsBlur(mContext, mBitmap, mRadius, mScale);
        }

    }

    /**
     * 模糊的算法策略
     *
     * @param policy 算法策略
     * @return 返回EasyBlur
     */
    public EasyBlur policy(BlurPolicy policy) {
        this.mPolicy = policy;
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * 模糊的Bitmap
     *
     * @param bitmap bitmap对象
     * @return 返回模糊之后对象
     */
    public EasyBlur bitmap(Bitmap bitmap) {
        this.mBitmap = bitmap;
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * 缩放的系数
     *
     * @param scale 系数 0-1之间
     * @return 返回系数
     */
    public EasyBlur scale(int scale) {
        this.mScale = 1.0f / scale;
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * 模糊的半径，0-25
     *
     * @param radius 模糊半径
     * @return 返回radius参数
     */
    public EasyBlur radius(int radius) {
        this.mRadius = radius;
        return this;
    }

    public enum BlurPolicy {
        RS_BLUR,
        FAST_BLUR
    }
}

总结：

上述方法截屏时会有一个弹窗，如果你可以改系统代码，可以完全去掉这个弹窗。