ubuntu系统搭建yum私有环境同步阿里云

搭建本地阿里云Ubuntu apt源

        一、安装同步软件
        二、配置Ubuntu apt源
        三、搭建web服务
        四、客户端配置

公司虚拟机不允许联网，自己搭建一个阿里云的Ubuntu源，供内网虚拟机使用。以Ubuntu 1804为例，其他版本可参照。软件包大概200G，确保拉取软件包的磁盘有足够的的空间

1.编辑mirror.list文件

修改远程仓库的地址为国内的阿里镜像站，本地的 Ubuntu 软件仓库将定期从阿里源同步软件包。
root@yumdailiubuntu:/etc/apt# cat /etc/apt/mirror.list
############# config ##################
##
set base_path    /data/www
#
set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror
set skel_path    $base_path/skel
set var_path     $base_path/var
set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
set defaultarch amd64
set defaultarch  <running host architecture>
set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh
set run_postmirror 0
set nthreads     20
set _tilde 0

# 你需要同步的源和组件；源地址的修改，Ubuntu官方的软件源有的时候下载速度过慢，可以替换为国内软件源地址，下面是阿里云的源地址。
deb-i386 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-i386 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-i386 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-i386 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-i386 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted universe multiverse

#clean http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu

备注：

mirror.list文件中包含配置信息和软件源地址，首先修改配置信息。

<base_path> 代表下载软件源的存储位置

<nthreads> 代表下载的线程数，默认20

每一行都需要以deb-i386或者deb-amd64开始(deb-src表示下载源代码，目前不需要)，deb-i386是32位的软件源，deb-amd64是64位软件源，这里同时下载32位和64位的软件源。

每一行中都有单独“版本代号”(bionic)或者“版本代号-限定词”(updates/secrity/proposed/backports)的字段，bionic表示Ubuntu 18.04，每一个发行版，每一种架构(amd64/i386)都需要有5行的内容。所以现在是10行的内容。

*proposed可以选择性的添加，不是必须的。官方解释该文件夹里的内容属于测试性质的软件包。系统默认的软件源中不包括proposed内容。

每行最后的 main/restricted/universe/multiverse 代表开源软件的级别分类，都需要添加进去。

当前Ubuntu18.04(.2)的软件源大小为110GB左右，网速不同，下载速度也不同，等待下载完成。

mirror.list配置文件详解
############# config ##################
#
# 配置数据基目录(可以修改为自己需要保存的位置)
# set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror
# 配置镜像存储位置
# set mirror_path $base_path/mirror
# 配置临时下载索引位置
# set skel_path $base_path/skel
# 配置日子,URLs和MD5校验信息存储位置
# set var_path $base_path/var
# 配置删除过期源脚本位置（默认不删除，方便安装旧版本软件）
# set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh
# 设置默认架构， 可填： amd64 或 i386，默认是和本机一个架构
# set defaultarch <running host architecture>
#
# 设定下载后运行的脚本位置
# set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh
# 设置是否执行 下载后的脚本操作，默认是1(但是默认没有postmirror.sh脚本）
# set run_postmirror 0
# 设置下载线程数
set nthreads 20
# 是否替换URL中的波浪线，替换成%7E（HTML代码），否则会跳过不进行下载
set _tilde 0

2.编辑sources.list文件

root@yumdailiubuntu:/etc/apt# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic universe
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse

这个文件没有改什么内容，就是修改为了阿里云的地址

3.创建目录

上述配置文件中 base_path 指定的目录，即本地仓库存放软件包的路径。
mkdir /data/www
apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
apt-get updata
#安装同步工具
apt-get install apt-mirror

4.安装web软件

apt install apache2
systemctl start apache2
systemctl restart apache2
systemctl enable apache2

5.同步apt-mirror

root@yumdailiubuntu:~# vim /etc/apt/mirror.list
root@yumdailiubuntu:~# apt-mirror
Downloading 345 index files using 20 threads...
Begin time: Fri Mar 22 09:57:22 2024
[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... 
End time: Fri Mar 22 10:00:59 2024

Processing translation indexes: [TTTTTTTTTTT]

Downloading 1104 translation files using 20 threads...
Begin time: Fri Mar 22 10:00:59 2024
[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... 
End time: Fri Mar 22 10:01:06 2024

Processing DEP-11 indexes: [DDDDDDDDDDD]

Downloading 140 dep11 files using 20 threads...
Begin time: Fri Mar 22 10:01:06 2024
[20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... 
End time: Fri Mar 22 10:01:14 2024

Processing indexes: [PPPPPPPPPPP]

360.4 GiB will be downloaded into archive.
Downloading 135465 archive files using 20 threads...
Begin time: Fri Mar 22 10:01:27 2024
[20]... 

#会有点慢

观察磁盘在/data空间在逐步上升
root@yumdailiubuntu:~# df -h
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                         7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                        1.6G  924K  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root   50G  6.3G   44G  13% /
tmpfs                        7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                        5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs                        7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-home   45G   79M   45G   1% /home
/dev/sda2                    976M  154M  756M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-data  500G   87G  414G  18% /data
tmpfs                        1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
root@yumdailiubuntu:~# cd /data/
root@yumdailiubuntu:/data# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root   17 Mar 21 10:30 ./
drwxr-xr-x 24 root root 4096 Mar 22 06:35 ../
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root   43 Mar 21 10:34 www/
root@yumdailiubuntu:/data# cd www/
root@yumdailiubuntu:/data/www# ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root   43 Mar 21 10:34 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   17 Mar 21 10:30 ../
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   32 Mar 21 13:36 mirror/
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   32 Mar 21 11:16 skel/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 8192 Mar 22 09:57 var/
root@yumdailiubuntu:/data/www# df -h
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                         7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                        1.6G  924K  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root   50G  6.3G   44G  13% /
tmpfs                        7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                        5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs                        7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-home   45G   79M   45G   1% /home
/dev/sda2                    976M  154M  756M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-data  500G   96G  405G  20% /data
tmpfs                        1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0

6.编辑apache2文件

root@yumdailiubuntu:/data/www# vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf 

<VirtualHost *:80>

        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        DocumentRoot /data
        <Directory /data>
          Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
          AllowOverride None
          Order allow,deny
          allow from all
          Require all granted
        </Directory>

        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

root@yumdailiubuntu:/data/www# systemctl restart apache2
root@yumdailiubuntu:/data/www# systemctl status apache2.service 
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service.d
           └─apache2-systemd.conf
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-03-22 11:11:08 CST; 1min 24s ago
  Process: 24640 ExecStop=/usr/sbin/apachectl stop (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 24807 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/apachectl start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 24819 (apache2)
    Tasks: 55 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
           ├─24819 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           ├─24820 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           └─24821 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

Mar 22 11:11:08 yumdailiubuntu systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Mar 22 11:11:08 yumdailiubuntu systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.

#关闭防火墙
root@yumdailiubuntu:/data/www# ufw disable
Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup

7.客户端配置

编辑/etc/apt/source.list，参考以下内容（以下是64位机，ubuntu18.04）
root@localhost:/etc/apt# cat sources.list
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64] http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

8.更新apt-get源

root@localhost:/etc/apt# apt update
Hit:1 http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:2 http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
Hit:3 http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
Hit:4 http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease
Hit:5 http://10.10.3.166/www/skel/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed InRelease
Get:6 http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
Get:7 http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:8 http://10.10.3.166/www/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
.....
proposed/universe Translation-en [5,344 B]
Fetched 30.3 MB in 5s (6,414 kB/s)               
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
201 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.