Linux驱动开发之mmap设备操作

1、驱动头文件

#ifndef _MEMDEV_H_
#define _MEMDEV_H_

#ifndef MEMDEV_MAJOR
#define MEMDEV_MAJOR 0   /*预设的mem的主设备号*/
#endif

#ifndef MEMDEV_NR_DEVS
#define MEMDEV_NR_DEVS 2    /*设备数*/
#endif

#ifndef MEMDEV_SIZE
#define MEMDEV_SIZE 4096
#endif

/*mem设备描述结构体*/
struct mem_dev {                                                        
char *data;     // 指向一块内存                 
unsigned long size;       
};

#endif /* _MEMDEV_H_ */

2、驱动源代码

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

#include "memdev.h"

static int mem_major = MEMDEV_MAJOR;
module_param(mem_major, int, S_IRUGO);

struct mem_dev *mem_devp; /*设备结构体指针*/
struct cdev cdev; 

/*文件打开函数*/
static int mem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    struct mem_dev *dev;
    
    /*获取次设备号*/
    int num = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);

    if (num >= MEMDEV_NR_DEVS) 
        return -ENODEV;
    dev = &mem_devp[num];
    
    /*将设备描述结构指针赋值给文件私有数据指针*/
    filp->private_data = dev;
    
    return 0; 
}

/*文件释放函数*/
static int mem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
static int memdev_mmap(struct file*filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
    struct mem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; /*获得设备结构体指针*/
      
    vma->vm_flags |= VM_IO;
    vma->vm_flags |= VM_RESERVED;
     
    if (remap_pfn_range(vma,vma->vm_start,virt_to_phys(dev->data)>>PAGE_SHIFT, 
vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start, vma->vm_page_prot))
        return  -EAGAIN;
                
    return 0;
}

/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations mem_fops ={
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = mem_open,
.release = mem_release,
.mmap = memdev_mmap,
};

/*设备驱动模块加载函数*/
static int memdev_init(void)
{
int result;
int i;

dev_t devno = MKDEV(mem_major, 0);//合并主设备号/次设备号

/* 静态申请设备号*/
if (mem_major)
result = register_chrdev_region(devno, 2, "memdev");
else { /* 动态分配设备号 */
result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "memdev");
mem_major = MAJOR(devno);
}  
  
if (result < 0)
return result;

/*初始化cdev结构*/
cdev_init(&cdev, &mem_fops);
cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
//cdev.ops = &mem_fops;
  
/* 注册字符设备 */
cdev_add(&cdev, MKDEV(mem_major, 0), MEMDEV_NR_DEVS);
   
/* 为设备描述结构分配内存*/
mem_devp = kmalloc(MEMDEV_NR_DEVS * sizeof(struct mem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!mem_devp){    /*申请失败*/
result =  - ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
memset(mem_devp, 0, sizeof(struct mem_dev));
  
/*为设备分配内存*/
for (i=0; i < MEMDEV_NR_DEVS; i++) {
        mem_devp[i].size = MEMDEV_SIZE;
        mem_devp[i].data = kmalloc(MEMDEV_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
if(!(mem_devp[i].data)){
result =  - ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
        memset(mem_devp[i].data, 0, MEMDEV_SIZE);
}
    
return 0;


fail_malloc: 
cdev_del(&cdev); 
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
  
return result;
}


/*模块卸载函数*/
static void memdev_exit(void)
{
cdev_del(&cdev);   /*注销设备*/
kfree(mem_devp);     /*释放设备结构体内存*/
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(mem_major, 0), 2); /*释放设备号*/
}

module_init(memdev_init);
module_exit(memdev_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

3、Makefile

ifeq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
all:                               
        $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:                                             
        $(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) clean
else
    obj-m := memdev.o

endif

4、应用程序

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
int fd;
char *start;
char *buf;

/*打开文件*/
fd = open("/dev/memdev0",O_RDWR);
        
buf = (char *)malloc(50);
memset(buf, 0, 50);
start=mmap(NULL,50,PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,MAP_SHARED,fd,0);//建立映射关系

/* 读出数据 */
strcpy(buf,start);
sleep (1);
printf("buf 1 = %s\n",buf);


/* 写入数据 */
strcpy(start,"hello world!!!!!!");

memset(buf, 0, 50);
strcpy(buf,start);
sleep (1);
printf("buf 2 = %s\n",buf);
munmap(start,50); /*解除映射*/
free(buf);
close(fd);  
return 0;
}