Yocto:NXP s32g emmc镜像生成过程分析

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 00:00:40 发布

xiliu542

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 00:00:40 发布

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研究一下nxp s32g平台emmc分区如何分配，发现不像高通和MTK平台有专门的地方配置分区。

怎么办？可以从结果推导，emmc和sdcard都是烧录fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027054141.rootfs.sdcard这个文件。

一、如何生成rootfs.sdcard文件

fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027054141.rootfs.sdcard这个文件是如何产生的呢？

办法可以通过bitbake fsl-image-auto -c listtasks查看生成fsl-image-auto有哪些task

看名字应该就是do_image_sdcard这个task。Ok，现在强制执行do_image_sdcard命令并开启编译信息和debug log

bitbake fsl-image-auto -c do_image_sdcard -f -vv -DD 2>&1 | tee build4.log

从编译log中梳理了下，一共做了这几件事。

1、生成空的rootfs.scard文件

++ expr 1024 '*' 598016
//生成大小为612368384, 全为0的fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard文件
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard bs=1 count=0 seek=612368384

0+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes copied, 7.344e-06 s, 0.0 kB/s

2、写入分区信息

//将rootfs.sdcard的Partition Table: msdos命名为msdos
+ parted -s /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard mklabel msdos

uh-oh!  '/proc/1/root' seems to be a symlink, but I can't read it.  Ignoring.
sh: udevadm: command not found

sh: udevadm: command not found

++ expr 4096 + 65536
//新建fat32分区信息，起始地址为4096K，大小69632K
+ parted -s /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard unit KiB mkpart primary fat32 4096 69632

uh-oh!  '/proc/1/root' seems to be a symlink, but I can't read it.  Ignoring.
sh: udevadm: command not found

sh: udevadm: command not found

+ create_rootfs_partition 69632 524288 /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.ext4

+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_START=69632

+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_SIZE=524288
+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_NAME=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.ext4

+ '[' -n /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.ext4 ']'

++ expr 69632 + 524288
//新建分区起始地址为69632K大小为593920， 这个分区用来存rootfs是ext4格式
+ parted -s /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard unit KiB mkpart primary 69632 593920

uh-oh!  '/proc/1/root' seems to be a symlink, but I can't read it.  Ignoring.
sh: udevadm: command not found

sh: udevadm: command not found

+ create_rootfs_partition 0 0

+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_START=0

+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_SIZE=0
+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_NAME=

+ '[' -n '' ']'
+ create_rootfs_partition 0 0

+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_START=0
+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_SIZE=0
+ SDCARD_ROOTFS_NAME=

+ '[' -n '' ']'
//打印分区信息
+ parted /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard print

Model:  (file)
Disk /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard: 612MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      4194kB  71.3MB  67.1MB  primary               lba
 2      71.3MB  608MB   537MB   primary

3、写入uboot镜像

+ _burn_bootloader

+ case "u-boot-s32" in

+ '[' -n '' ']'

+ '[' 0 = 0 ']'

//将uboot镜像从0地址写入256字节
+ dd if=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/fip.s32-sdcard of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard conv=notrunc seek=0 bs=256 count=1

1+0 records in
1+0 records out
256 bytes copied, 1.1612e-05 s, 22.0 MB/s

//将uboot镜像跳过512字节，同时待写文件也跳过512字节再写入
+ dd if=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/fip.s32-sdcard of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard conv=notrunc bs=512 seek=1 skip=1

1917+1 records in
1917+1 records out
981600 bytes (982 kB, 959 KiB) copied, 0.0012824 s, 765 MB/s

+ '[' -n 0x001e0000 -a -n u-boot-flashenv-sd-s32g399ardb3.bin ']'

++ printf %d 0x001e0000
//将uboot环境变量写入到1966080地址
+ dd if=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/u-boot-flashenv-sd-s32g399ardb3.bin of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard conv=notrunc seek=1966080 bs=1

8192+0 records in
8192+0 records out
8192 bytes (8.2 kB, 8.0 KiB) copied, 0.00412364 s, 2.0 MB/s

4、写入boot.img镜像


++ expr 4096 '*' 1024

//下面通过dd命令将生成好的boot.img写入到rootfs.sdcard中，从4M地址开始写

+ dd if=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/boot.img of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard conv=notrunc,fsync seek=1 bs=4194304

16+0 records in
16+0 records out
67108864 bytes (67 MB, 64 MiB) copied, 0.0280287 s, 2.4 GB/s

5、写入rootfs.ext4镜像

++ expr 69632 '*' 1024

//将rootfs镜像文件rootfs.ext4写入到rootfs.sdcard中去，从69632K地址开始
+ dd if=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.ext4 of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard conv=notrunc,fsync seek=1 bs=71303168

总结：目前整个镜像文件fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard包含三部分。 1.前面4M用来存放bootloader, 还有uboot环境变量

2.第二段是存放boot.img，这个boot.img里面是fat32类型文件系统，用来存放kernel镜像和对应板子的dtb

3.第三部分用来存放rootfs.ext4，也就是文件系统，其文件系统是ext4

二、boot.img如何生成的？

还有这里再写一下这个boot.img是如何生成的？他又是怎么生成fat32格式的呢？还是从编译Log上入手.

1、生成空的boot.img格式是fat32格式

+ _generate_boot_image 1

+ local boot_part=1

++ LC_ALL=C
++ parted -s /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.rootfs.sdcard unit b print

++ awk '/ 1 / { print substr($4, 1, length($4 -1)) / 1024 }'

+ BOOT_BLOCKS=65536

++ expr 65536 / 1024

+ '[' 64 -gt 512 ']'

+ rm -f /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/boot.img

//通过mkfs.vfat生成大小为65536KB的分区
+ mkfs.vfat -n boot_s32g399ardb3 -S 512 -C /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/boot.img 65536

mkfs.fat: warning - lowercase labels might not work properly with DOS or Windows

mkfs.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)

2、将kernel编译出来的bin拷贝到boot.img中

//通过mcopy将下面将-s后面的文件拷贝到-i boot.img里面并重新命名为Image
+ mcopy -i /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/boot.img -s /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/Image-s32g399ardb3.bin ::/Image

3、将板子对应的dtb文件拷贝到boot.img中

+ test -n freescale/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

++ readlink /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/Image-s32g399ardb3.bin

+ kernel_bin=Image--5.10.109-r0-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.bin
+ for DTS_FILE in freescale/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

++ basename freescale/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

++ awk -F . '{print $1}'
+ DTS_BASE_NAME=s32g399a-rdb3

+ DTB_PATH=
+ kernel_bin_for_dtb=

+ '[' -e /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/Image-s32g399a-rdb3.dtb ']'

+ '[' -e /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb ']'

+ DTB_PATH=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

++ readlink /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

++ sed 's,s32g399a-rdb3,Image,;s,\.dtb$,.bin,g'

+ kernel_bin_for_dtb=Image--5.10.109-r0-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.bin

+ '[' -n /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb ']'
+ '[' Image--5.10.109-r0-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.bin = Image--5.10.109-r0-s32g399ardb3-20221027155143.bin ']'

//下面将-s后面的文件s32g399a-rdb3.dtb拷贝到-i boot.img里面并命名为s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

+ mcopy -i /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/boot.img -s /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/deploy/images/s32g399ardb3/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb ::/s32g399a-rdb3.dtb

三、rootfs.ext4如何生成的？

1.生成空的rootfs.ext4

//通过dd生成大小为524266KB全为0的rootfs.ext4
+ dd if=/dev/zero of=/work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221028121601.rootfs.ext4 seek=524288 count=0 bs=1024

0+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes copied, 7.614e-06 s, 0.0 kB/s

2.将rootfs.ext4文件格式为ext4，并把roofs文件拷贝经rootfs.ext4文件中

//将rootfs.ext4格式化为ext4并把路径*fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/rootfs下所有
//文件拷贝到rootfs.ext4中
+ mkfs.ext4 -F -i 4096 -L fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221028121601 /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221028121601.rootfs.ext4 -d /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/rootfs

Warning: label too long; will be truncated to 'fsl-image-auto-s'

mke2fs 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020)

Discarding device blocks:   4096/131072^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H             ^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^Hdone

Creating filesystem with 131072 4k blocks and 131072 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 75fa8ef7-814a-4e09-b3df-745dc8bb8af1
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    32768, 98304

Allocating group tables: 0/4^H^H^H   ^H^H^Hdone
Writing inode tables: 0/4^H^H^H
   ^H^H^Hdone

Creating journal (4096 blocks):
done
Copying files into the device:
done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 0/4^H^H^H   ^H^H^Hdone

//对刚才生成的rootfs.ext4，用fsck.ext4命令对ext4型文件系统进行检测

+ fsck.ext4 -pvfD /work/projects/b33_6/build_s32g399ardb3/tmp/work/s32g399ardb3-fsl-linux/fsl-image-auto/1.0-r0/deploy-fsl-image-auto-image-complete/fsl-image-auto-s32g399ardb3-20221028121601.rootfs.ext4


       16802 inodes used (12.82%, out of 131072)
           4 non-contiguous files (0.0%)
          23 non-contiguous directories (0.1%)
             # of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 0/0/0
             Extent depth histogram: 14685/2
      112284 blocks used (85.67%, out of 131072)
           0 bad blocks
           1 large file

       12811 regular files
        1749 directories
           0 character device files
           0 block device files
           0 fifos
        3155 links
        2233 symbolic links (2107 fast symbolic links)
           0 sockets
------------
       19948 files