linux驱动程序 ---- 按键中断

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前言

本文基于S3C2440开发板。

一、原理图

二、芯片手册

三、驱动程序

button_drv.c

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>

static struct class *buttons_class;
static struct class_device	*buttons_class_devs;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
struct button_irq_desc{
    int irq;
    unsigned long flags;
    char *name;
};
static struct  button_irq_desc button_irq[]={
    {IRQ_EINT19, IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY1"}, /* K1 */
    {IRQ_EINT11, IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY2"}, /* K2 */
    {IRQ_EINT2,  IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY3"}, /* K3 */
    {IRQ_EINT0,  IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY4"}, /* K4 */
};

static volatile int press_cnt[]={0,0,0,0};

/* 等待队列: 
 * 当没有按键被按下时，如果有进程调用s3c2440_buttons_read函数，
 * 它将休眠
 */


/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1，s3c2440_buttons_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;

static irqreturn_t button_interrupt(int irq,void *dev_id)
{

    volatile int *press_cnt=(volatile int *)dev_id;
    *press_cnt = *press_cnt +1;
    ev_press=1;
    wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);   /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
    return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}

static int s3c2440_button_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	
	int i;
    int err;
    for(i=0;i<sizeof(button_irq)/sizeof(button_irq[0]);i++)
    {
        err=request_irq(button_irq[i].irq,button_interrupt,
            button_irq[i].flags,button_irq[i].name,(void *)&press_cnt[i]); //注册进内核的异常体系结构中

        if (err)
            break;
    }
    if (err)
    {
        i--;
        for(;i>0;i--)
        {
            free_irq(button_irq[i].irq,(void *)&press_cnt[i]);
        }
        return -EBUSY;
    }
    return 0;
}

static int s3c2440_button_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<sizeof(button_irq)/sizeof(button_irq[0]);i++)
    {
        free_irq(button_irq[i].irq,(void *)&press_cnt[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}

static ssize_t s3c2440_button_read(struct file *file, char __user *buff, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
	unsigned long err;

    /* 如果ev_press等于0，休眠 */
    wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);

    ev_press=0;

    err=copy_to_user(buff,(const void*)press_cnt,min(sizeof(press_cnt),size));
    memset((void *)press_cnt,0,sizeof(press_cnt));

    return err ? -EFAULT : 0;
}

static struct file_operations button_drv_fops = {
    .owner   =   THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
    .open    =   s3c2440_button_open,     
	.read    =   s3c2440_button_read,
    .release =   s3c2440_button_close,
};


int major;
static int s3c2440_button_init(void)
{

	major = register_chrdev(0, "button_drv", &button_drv_fops ); // 注册, 告诉内核


	buttons_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "buttondrv");

	buttons_class_devs = class_device_create(buttons_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons");


    return 0;

}
static void s3c2440_button_exit(void)
{

	unregister_chrdev(major, "button_drv"); // 卸载
	
	class_destroy(buttons_class);

}

module_init(s3c2440_button_init);
module_exit(s3c2440_button_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

makefile文件:

KERN_DIR = /home/book/system/linux-2.6.22.6

all:
	make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules 

clean:
	make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules clean
	rm -rf modules.order

obj-m	+= button_drv.o

/home/book/system/linux-2.6.22.6 编译过的内核目录

四、驱动程序的测试

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int i;
    int ret;
    int fd;
    int press_cnt[4];
    
    fd = open("/dev/buttons", 0);  // 打开设备
    if (fd < 0) {
        printf("Can't open /dev/buttons\n");
        return -1;
    }

    // 这是个无限循环，进程有可能在read函数中休眠，当有按键被按下时，它才返回
    while (1) {
        // 读出按键被按下的次数
        ret = read(fd, press_cnt, sizeof(press_cnt));
        if (ret < 0) {
            printf("read err!\n");
            continue;
        } 

        for (i = 0; i < sizeof(press_cnt)/sizeof(press_cnt[0]); i++) {
            // 如果被按下的次数不为0，打印出来
            if (press_cnt[i])
                printf("K%d has been pressed %d times!\n", i+1, press_cnt[i]);
        }
    }
    
    close(fd);
    return 0;    
}

五、结果分析