hdu3662 +3D Convex Hull+三维凸包的表面多边形个数

Description
There are N points in 3D-space which make up a 3D-Convex hull*. How many faces does the 3D-convexhull have? It is guaranteed that all the points are not in the same plane.

In case you don’t know the definition of convex hull, here we give you a clarification from Wikipedia:
*Convex hull: In mathematics, the convex hull, for a set of points X in a real vector space V, is the minimal convex set containing X.

Input
There are several test cases. In each case the first line contains an integer N indicates the number of 3D-points (3< N <= 300), and then N lines follow, each line contains three numbers x, y, z (between -10000 and 10000) indicate the 3d-position of a point.

Output
Output the number of faces of the 3D-Convex hull.

Sample Input

7
1 1 0
1 -1 0
-1 1 0
-1 -1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
0 0 -0.1
7
1 1 0
1 -1 0
-1 1 0
-1 -1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
0 0 0.1

Sample Output

8
5

#include<stdio.h>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

const int MAXN=550;
const double eps=1e-8;

struct Point {
    double x,y,z;
    Point() {}

    Point(double xx,double yy,double zz):x(xx),y(yy),z(zz) {}
    //两向量之差
    Point operator -(const Point p1) {
        return Point(x-p1.x,y-p1.y,z-p1.z);
    }
    //两向量之和
    Point operator +(const Point p1) {
        return Point(x+p1.x,y+p1.y,z+p1.z);
    }
    //叉乘
    Point operator *(const Point p) {
        return Point(y*p.z-z*p.y,z*p.x-x*p.z,x*p.y-y*p.x);
    }
    Point operator *(double d) {
        return Point(x*d,y*d,z*d);
    }
    Point operator / (double d) {
        return Point(x/d,y/d,z/d);
    }
    //点乘
    double  operator ^(Point p) {
        return (x*p.x+y*p.y+z*p.z);
    }
};

struct CH3D {
    struct face {
        //表示凸包一个面上的三个点的编号
        int a,b,c;
        //表示该面是否属于最终凸包上的面
        bool ok;
    };
    //初始顶点数
    int n;
    //初始顶点
    Point P[MAXN];
    //凸包表面的三角形数
    int num;
    //凸包表面的三角形
    face F[8*MAXN];
    //凸包表面的三角形
    int g[MAXN][MAXN];

    //向量长度
    double vlen(Point a) {
        return sqrt(a.x*a.x+a.y*a.y+a.z*a.z);
    }
    //叉乘
    Point cross(const Point &a,const Point &b,const Point &c) {
        return Point((b.y-a.y)*(c.z-a.z)-(b.z-a.z)*(c.y-a.y),
                     (b.z-a.z)*(c.x-a.x)-(b.x-a.x)*(c.z-a.z),
                     (b.x-a.x)*(c.y-a.y)-(b.y-a.y)*(c.x-a.x)
                    );
    }
    //三角形面积*2
    double area(Point a,Point b,Point c) {
        return vlen((b-a)*(c-a));
    }
    //四面体有向体积*6
    double volume(Point a,Point b,Point c,Point d) {
        return (b-a)*(c-a)^(d-a);
    }
    //正：点在面同向
    double dblcmp(Point &p,face &f) {
        Point m=P[f.b]-P[f.a];
        Point n=P[f.c]-P[f.a];
        Point t=p-P[f.a];
        return (m*n)^t;
    }
    void deal(int p,int a,int b) {
        int f=g[a][b];//搜索与该边相邻的另一个平面
        face add;
        if(F[f].ok) {
            if(dblcmp(P[p],F[f])>eps)
                dfs(p,f);
            else {
                add.a=b;
                add.b=a;
                add.c=p;//这里注意顺序，要成右手系
                add.ok=true;
                g[p][b]=g[a][p]=g[b][a]=num;
                F[num++]=add;
            }
        }
    }
    void dfs(int p,int now) { //递归搜索所有应该从凸包内删除的面
        F[now].ok=0;
        deal(p,F[now].b,F[now].a);
        deal(p,F[now].c,F[now].b);
        deal(p,F[now].a,F[now].c);
    }
    bool same(int s,int t) {
        Point &a=P[F[s].a];
        Point &b=P[F[s].b];
        Point &c=P[F[s].c];
        return fabs(volume(a,b,c,P[F[t].a]))<eps &&
               fabs(volume(a,b,c,P[F[t].b]))<eps &&
               fabs(volume(a,b,c,P[F[t].c]))<eps;
    }
    //构建三维凸包
    void create() {
        int i,j,tmp;
        face add;

        num=0;
        if(n<4)return;
        //**********************************************
        //此段是为了保证前四个点不共面
        bool flag=true;
        for(i=1; i<n; i++) {
            if(vlen(P[0]-P[i])>eps) {
                swap(P[1],P[i]);
                flag=false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(flag)return;
        flag=true;
        //使前三个点不共线
        for(i=2; i<n; i++) {
            if(vlen((P[0]-P[1])*(P[1]-P[i]))>eps) {
                swap(P[2],P[i]);
                flag=false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(flag)return;
        flag=true;
        //使前四个点不共面
        for(int i=3; i<n; i++) {
            if(fabs((P[0]-P[1])*(P[1]-P[2])^(P[0]-P[i]))>eps) {
                swap(P[3],P[i]);
                flag=false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(flag)return;
        //*****************************************
        for(i=0; i<4; i++) {
            add.a=(i+1)%4;
            add.b=(i+2)%4;
            add.c=(i+3)%4;
            add.ok=true;
            if(dblcmp(P[i],add)>0)swap(add.b,add.c);
            g[add.a][add.b]=g[add.b][add.c]=g[add.c][add.a]=num;
            F[num++]=add;
        }
        for(i=4; i<n; i++) {
            for(j=0; j<num; j++) {
                if(F[j].ok&&dblcmp(P[i],F[j])>eps) {
                    dfs(i,j);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        tmp=num;
        for(i=num=0; i<tmp; i++)
            if(F[i].ok)
                F[num++]=F[i];

    }
    //表面积
    double area() {
        double res=0;
        if(n==3) {
            Point p=cross(P[0],P[1],P[2]);
            res=vlen(p)/2.0;
            return res;
        }
        for(int i=0; i<num; i++)
            res+=area(P[F[i].a],P[F[i].b],P[F[i].c]);
        return res/2.0;
    }
    //体积
    double volume() {
        double res=0;
        Point tmp(0,0,0);
        for(int i=0; i<num; i++)
            res+=volume(tmp,P[F[i].a],P[F[i].b],P[F[i].c]);
        return fabs(res/6.0);
    }
    //表面三角形个数
    int triangle() {
        return num;
    }
    //表面多边形个数
    int polygon() {
        int i,j,res,flag;
        for(i=res=0; i<num; i++) {
            flag=1;
            for(j=0; j<i; j++)
                if(same(i,j)) {
                    flag=0;
                    break;
                }
            res+=flag;
        }
        return res;
    }
    //三维凸包重心
    Point barycenter() {
        Point ans(0,0,0),o(0,0,0);
        double all=0;
        for(int i=0; i<num; i++) {
            double vol=volume(o,P[F[i].a],P[F[i].b],P[F[i].c]);
            ans=ans+(o+P[F[i].a]+P[F[i].b]+P[F[i].c])/4.0*vol;
            all+=vol;
        }
        ans=ans/all;
        return ans;
    }
    //点到面的距离
    double ptoface(Point p,int i) {
        return fabs(volume(P[F[i].a],P[F[i].b],P[F[i].c],p)/vlen((P[F[i].b]-P[F[i].a])*(P[F[i].c]-P[F[i].a])));
    }
};

//int n;初始顶点数
//Point P[MAXN];初始顶点
//int num;凸包表面的三角形数
//face F[8*MAXN];凸包表面的三角形
//int g[MAXN][MAXN];凸包表面的三角形


//create();   构造凸包
//double volume()  体积
//double area()  表面积
//int triangle()表面三角形个数
//int polygon() 表面多边形个数
//double ptoface(Point p,int i) 点到面的距离
//Point barycenter()  三维凸包重心

CH3D hull;
int main() {
    while(scanf("%d",&hull.n)!=EOF) {
        for(int i=0; i<hull.n; i++) scanf("%lf %lf %lf",&hull.P[i].x,&hull.P[i].y,&hull.P[i].z);
        hull.create();

        printf("%d\n",hull.polygon());
    }
    return 0;
}