# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.left = None
# self.right = None
class Solution(object):
def preorderTraversal(self, root):
res = []
stack = []
p = root
while(p or len(stack)):
if p:
res.append(p.val)
stack.append(p)
p = p.left
else:
p = stack[-1]
stack.pop()
p = p.right
return res