以mt8173为例
/*******************************************************************************
* Macro generating the code for the function setting up the pagetables as per
* the platform memory map & initialize the mmu, for the given exception level
******************************************************************************/
#define DEFINE_CONFIGURE_MMU_EL(_el) \
void plat_configure_mmu_el ## _el(unsigned long total_base, \
unsigned long total_size, \
unsigned long ro_start, \
unsigned long ro_limit, \
unsigned long coh_start, \
unsigned long coh_limit) \
{ \
mmap_add_region(total_base, total_base, \
total_size, \
MT_MEMORY | MT_RW | MT_SECURE); \
mmap_add_region(ro_start, ro_start, \
ro_limit - ro_start, \
MT_MEMORY | MT_RO | MT_SECURE); \
mmap_add_region(coh_start, coh_start, \
coh_limit - coh_start, \
MT_DEVICE | MT_RW | MT_SECURE); \
mmap_add(plat_mmap); \
init_xlat_tables(); \
\
enable_mmu_el ## _el(0); \
}
/* Define EL3 variants of the function initialising the MMU */
DEFINE_CONFIGURE_MMU_EL(3)
DEFINE_ENABLE_MMU_EL(3,TCR_EL3_RES1 | (tcr_ps_bits << TCR_EL3_PS_SHIFT),tlbialle3) //定义el3 mmu函数
mmap region 内存添加到系统中
void mmap_add_region(unsigned long base_pa, unsigned long base_va,
unsigned long size, unsigned attr)
{
mmap_region_t *mm = mmap;
mmap_region_t *mm_last = mm + ARRAY_SIZE(mmap) - 1;
unsigned long pa_end = base_pa + size - 1;
unsigned long va_end = base_va + size - 1;
assert(IS_PAGE_ALIGNED(base_pa));
assert(IS_PAGE_ALIGNED(base_va));
assert(IS_PAGE_ALIGNED(size));
if (!size)
return;
/* Find correct place in mmap to insert new region */
while (mm->base_va < base_va && mm->size)//从开始遍历,查看需要插入到哪个位置,base_va是需要插入的va
++mm;
//mm->base_va >= base_va 则退出循环
/* Make room for new region by moving other regions up by one place */
memmove(mm + 1, mm, (uintptr_t)mm_last - (uintptr_t)mm);//从mm数组元素开始到最后,整体向后移动1个单位
/* Check we haven't lost the empty sentinal from the end of the array */
assert(mm_last->size == 0);
mm->base_pa = base_pa;//insert new value
mm->base_va = base_va;
mm->size = size;
mm->attr = attr;
if (pa_end > max_pa)
max_pa = pa_end;
if (va_end > max_va)
max_va = va_end;
}
void mmap_add(const mmap_region_t *mm)
{
while (mm->size) {
mmap_add_region(mm->base_pa, mm->base_va, mm->size, mm->attr);
++mm;
}
}
初始化页表,使用了递归操作
static mmap_region_t *init_xlation_table(mmap_region_t *mm,
unsigned long base_va,
unsigned long *table, unsigned level)
{
unsigned level_size_shift = L1_XLAT_ADDRESS_SHIFT - (level - 1) *
XLAT_TABLE_ENTRIES_SHIFT;
unsigned level_size = 1 << level_size_shift;
unsigned long level_index_mask = XLAT_TABLE_ENTRIES_MASK << level_size_shift;
assert(level <= 3);
debug_print("New xlat table:\n");
do {
unsigned long desc = UNSET_DESC;//0xffffffff
if (mm->base_va + mm->size <= base_va) {//若此时mm映射过了,跳入下一个mm,base_va一直在递增
/* Area now after the region so skip it */
++mm;
continue;
}
debug_print(" %010lx %8lx " + 6 - 2 * level, base_va,
level_size);
if (mm->base_va >= base_va + level_size) {//说明在base_va的后面,先设置成invalid
/* Next region is after area so nothing to map yet */
desc = INVALID_DESC;
} else if (mm->base_va <= base_va && mm->base_va + mm->size >=
base_va + level_size) {//若需要映射区域可以覆盖此level一级大小,则不需要下一级
/* Next region covers all of area */
int attr = mmap_region_attr(mm, base_va, level_size);//获取映射属性
if (attr >= 0)
desc = mmap_desc(attr,
base_va - mm->base_va + mm->base_pa,
level);
}
/* else Next region only partially covers area, so need */
if (desc == UNSET_DESC) {//其他情况都需要下一级页表,主要包括2M区域,mm的小于2M的区域则走这个地方
/* Area not covered by a region so need finer table */
unsigned long *new_table = xlat_tables[next_xlat++];
assert(next_xlat <= MAX_XLAT_TABLES);
desc = TABLE_DESC | (unsigned long)new_table;
/* Recurse to fill in new table */
mm = init_xlation_table(mm, base_va,
new_table, level+1);//递归调用,填充下一级表格
}
debug_print("\n");
*table++ = desc;//表描述符赋值
base_va += level_size;// 虚拟地址增加
} while (mm->size && (base_va & level_index_mask));//base_va & level_index_mask为0时结束递归代表则返回到向上一个level函数
return mm;
}
使能mmu 重要寄存器(system register)配置代码
/*******************************************************************************
* Macro generating the code for the function enabling the MMU in the given
* exception level, assuming that the pagetables have already been created.
*
* _el: Exception level at which the function will run
* _tcr_extra: Extra bits to set in the TCR register. This mask will
* be OR'ed with the default TCR value.
* _tlbi_fct: Function to invalidate the TLBs at the current
* exception level
******************************************************************************/
#define DEFINE_ENABLE_MMU_EL(_el, _tcr_extra, _tlbi_fct) \
void enable_mmu_el##_el(uint32_t flags) \
{ \
uint64_t mair, tcr, ttbr; \
uint32_t sctlr; \
\
assert(IS_IN_EL(_el)); \
assert((read_sctlr_el##_el() & SCTLR_M_BIT) == 0); \
\
/* Set attributes in the right indices of the MAIR */ \
mair = MAIR_ATTR_SET(ATTR_DEVICE, ATTR_DEVICE_INDEX); \ //attr1
mair |= MAIR_ATTR_SET(ATTR_IWBWA_OWBWA_NTR, \
ATTR_IWBWA_OWBWA_NTR_INDEX); \ //attr0 inner writeback,write alloc,outer writeback,write alloc,
write_mair_el##_el(mair); \
\
/* Invalidate TLBs at the current exception level */ \
_tlbi_fct(); \
\
/* Set TCR bits as well. */ \
/* Inner & outer WBWA & shareable + T0SZ = 32 */ \
tcr = TCR_SH_INNER_SHAREABLE | TCR_RGN_OUTER_WBA | \
TCR_RGN_INNER_WBA | \
(64 - __builtin_ctzl(ADDR_SPACE_SIZE)); \
tcr |= _tcr_extra; \
write_tcr_el##_el(tcr); \ //-----------tcr 写入
\
/* Set TTBR bits as well */ \
ttbr = (uint64_t) l1_xlation_table; \
write_ttbr0_el##_el(ttbr); \ //-----页表基地址写入
\
/* Ensure all translation table writes have drained */ \
/* into memory, the TLB invalidation is complete, */ \
/* and translation register writes are committed */ \
/* before enabling the MMU */ \
dsb(); \
isb(); \
\
sctlr = read_sctlr_el##_el(); \
sctlr |= SCTLR_WXN_BIT | SCTLR_M_BIT; \
\
if (flags & DISABLE_DCACHE) \
sctlr &= ~SCTLR_C_BIT; \
else \
sctlr |= SCTLR_C_BIT; \
\
write_sctlr_el##_el(sctlr); \ //----------sctlr_el3写入
\
/* Ensure the MMU enable takes effect immediately */ \
isb(); \
}
/* Define EL1 and EL3 variants of the function enabling the MMU */
DEFINE_ENABLE_MMU_EL(1,(tcr_ps_bits << TCR_EL1_IPS_SHIFT),tlbivmalle1) //定义el1 mmu函数
DEFINE_ENABLE_MMU_EL(3,TCR_EL3_RES1 | (tcr_ps_bits << TCR_EL3_PS_SHIFT),tlbialle3) //定义el3 mmu函数
重要的block or page 描述符赋值代码
static unsigned long mmap_desc(unsigned attr, unsigned long addr_pa,
unsigned level)
{
unsigned long desc = addr_pa;
desc |= level == 3 ? TABLE_DESC : BLOCK_DESC;//bit[1:0]
desc |= attr & MT_NS ? LOWER_ATTRS(NS) : 0; //NS, bit[5]
desc |= attr & MT_RW ? LOWER_ATTRS(AP_RW) : LOWER_ATTRS(AP_RO);//AP[2:1]---> bits[7:6]
desc |= LOWER_ATTRS(ACCESS_FLAG);//bit10
if (attr & MT_MEMORY) {
desc |= LOWER_ATTRS(ATTR_IWBWA_OWBWA_NTR_INDEX | ISH);//attr0@mair_el3
if (attr & MT_RW)
desc |= UPPER_ATTRS(XN);//读写区域不能执行指令 ,bit[54] xn
} else {
desc |= LOWER_ATTRS(ATTR_DEVICE_INDEX | OSH);//attr1@mair_el3,device memory outer shareable
desc |= UPPER_ATTRS(XN);//no instruction execute
}
debug_print(attr & MT_MEMORY ? "MEM" : "DEV");
debug_print(attr & MT_RW ? "-RW" : "-RO");
debug_print(attr & MT_NS ? "-NS" : "-S");
return desc;
}
代码调用总结如下图