xerces-c用DOM方式操作xml

xerces-c是一个可以校验XML合法性的XML解析器，它的语言是C++，它的官方主页：http://xml.apache.org/xerces-c。它支持下面这些标准：XML 1.0 ，XML 1.1 ，DOM 1, 2, 3 ， SAX 1.0 和SAX 2.0， XML Schema。

xerces操作XML主要是分几步：

1. 先调用XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize初始化环境，其中最重要是初始化内存管理器。如果没有调用这个，直接进行下面的步骤，程序会崩溃。
2. 使用XercesDOMParser::parse方法来解析XML
3. 使用XercesDOMParser::getDocument来DOMDocument对象指针
4. 通过调用DOMDocument::getDocumentElement从DOMDocument对象指针里获取文档的主节点的指针，类型为DOMElement

用一个例子来演示一下：

address.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Address>
    <Recipient>Mr. Walter C. Brown</Recipient>
    <House>49</House>
    <Street>Featherstone Street</Street>
    <Town>LONDON</Town>
    <PostCode>EC1Y 8SY</PostCode>
    <Country>UK</Country>
</Address>

address.cpp:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <xercesc/parsers/XercesDOMParser.hpp>
#include <xercesc/sax/SAXException.hpp>
#include <xercesc/dom/DOMException.hpp>
#include <xercesc/dom/DOMElement.hpp>
#include <xercesc/dom/DOMLSException.hpp>

using namespace XERCES_CPP_NAMESPACE;

int main(int argc, char* argv[] )
{
	if ( argc < 2 )
	{
		printf( "must specify a file\n" );
		return -1;
	}

	XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize();

	XercesDOMParser parser;
	try
	{
		parser.parse( argv[1] );
  	} catch ( SAXException& e )
	{ 
 		printf( "msg:%s\n", XMLString::transcode(e.getMessage() ) );
		 return -2;
	 }
	catch ( XMLException& e )
	{
		printf( "code:%d, msg:%s\n", e.getCode(), XMLString::transcode( e.getMessage() ) );
		return -3;
	}
	catch (	DOMException& e )
	{
		printf( "code:%d, msg:%s\n", e.code, e.msg );
		return -4;
	}

	DOMDocument* pDoc = NULL;

	try 
	{
		pDoc = parser.getDocument();
	} catch ( DOMLSException& e )
	{
		printf( "code:%d, msg:%s\n", e.code, e.msg );
		return -5;
	} catch ( DOMException& e )
	{
		printf( "code:%d, msg:%s\n", e.code, e.msg );
		return -6;
	}

	DOMElement* root = pDoc->getDocumentElement();
	if ( root == NULL )
	{
		return -7;
	}

	DOMElement* child = root->getFirstElementChild();
	XMLSize_t cnt = root->getChildElementCount();
	for ( XMLSize_t i = 0; i < cnt; i++ )
	{
		char* name = XMLString::transcode( child->getTagName() );
		printf( "%s=", name );
		XMLString::release( &name);

		char* value = XMLString::transcode(child->getTextContent());
		printf( "%s\n", value );
		XMLString::release( &value );

		child = child->getNextElementSibling();
	}

	return 0;
}

编译：

[xuzhina@localhost sample]$ g++ -g -o address address.cpp -lxerces-c

运行结果：

[xuzhina@localhost sample]$ ./address address.xml
Recipient=Mr. Walter C. Brown
House=49
Street=Featherstone Street
Town=LONDON
PostCode=EC1Y 8SY
Country=UK