AQS研究整理

AQS是什么

AQS是 AbstractQueuedSynchronizer 的简称，字面含义可以解释为抽象同步队列。

作用

处理并发中的资源分配协调问题

AQS中的核心参数

1. 状态state，为volatile 关键字修饰哦
2. 队列Node，AQS是存在一个head，和一个tail
3. CAS 保证状态的变更在多线程中的可见性

/**
  * 状态，独占模式 0 为无锁， 1为占用
  *      共享模式如CountDownLatch，state=5 表示共享线程为5，线程执行后逐渐减为0
  */
private volatile int state;
 /**   头节点
     * Head of the wait queue, lazily initialized.  Except for
     * initialization, it is modified only via method setHead.  Note:
     * If head exists, its waitStatus is guaranteed not to be
     * CANCELLED.
     */
    private transient volatile Node head;

    /**
     * 尾节点
     * Tail of the wait queue, lazily initialized.  Modified only via
     * method enq to add new wait node.
     */
    private transient volatile Node tail;


/**    CAS 使用
     * Setup to support compareAndSet. We need to natively implement
     * this here: For the sake of permitting future enhancements, we
     * cannot explicitly subclass AtomicInteger, which would be
     * efficient and useful otherwise. So, as the lesser of evils, we
     * natively implement using hotspot intrinsics API. And while we
     * are at it, we do the same for other CASable fields (which could
     * otherwise be done with atomic field updaters).
     */
    private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
    private static final long stateOffset;
    private static final long headOffset;
    private static final long tailOffset;
    private static final long waitStatusOffset;
    private static final long nextOffset;

    static {
        try {
            stateOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset
                (AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("state"));
            headOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset
                (AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("head"));
            tailOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset
                (AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("tail"));
            waitStatusOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset
                (Node.class.getDeclaredField("waitStatus"));
            nextOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset
                (Node.class.getDeclaredField("next"));

        } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); }
    }

AQS的两套API

// 独占锁API
protected boolean tryAcquire(int arg) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
protected boolean tryRelease(int arg) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

// 共享锁API
protected int tryAcquireShared(int arg) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
 protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int arg) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

从Reenelock讲独占锁API

从CountDownLatch讲共享API