Myeclipse的配置:
- General --> Workspace --> UTF-8
- General --> Editors --> Associations --> JSP --> MyEclipse JSP Editor
- 搜索jsp --> UTF-8
- Java --> Installed JREs --> 添加
- Tomcat
- 去除MyEclise自带tomcat
- General --> Startup and Shutdown --> MyEclipse Derby
如果你是win7系统,还要修改字体:
第一步:C:\Windows\Fonts,找到Courier New,鼠标右键–>显示
第二步:Ceneral --> Appearance --> Colors and Fonts --> Basic --> Text Font --> Edit,选择Courier New字体
请求响应流程图
response对象
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setStatus(302); //设置响应码为302,表示重定向
response.setHeader("Location", "http://www.itcast.cn"); //设置新请求的URL
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 演示发送状态码
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.sendError(404, "您访问的资源存在,就不给你看!");
}
}
5.3 便捷的重定向方式
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.sendRedirect("http://www.itcast.cn");
}
}
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.sendRedirect("/hello/BServlet");
}
}
重定向的URL地址为:http://localhost:8080/hello/BServlet。
response.setHeader(“Refresh”, “5; URL=http://www.itcast.cn”);
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 演示定时刷新
* @author cxf
*
* 设置一个Refresh,它表示定时刷新!
*/
public class DServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* 下面是用来发送响应体!
*/
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
writer.print("欢迎XXX登录!5秒钟后会自动跳转到主页!您看到的一定是乱码!");
/*
* 设置名为Refresh的响应头
*/
response.setHeader("Refresh", "5;URL=/day10_1/EServlet");
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class EServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().print("还是乱码!");
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 禁用浏览器缓存
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class FServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* Cache-Control、pragma、expires
*/
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("pragma", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("expires", -1);
response.getWriter().print("hello hello!");
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
public class GServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
String s = "Hello outputStream";
byte[] bytes = s.getBytes();
response.getOutputStream().write(bytes);
*/
/**
* 演示响应字节数据
*/
// 把一张图片读取到字节数组中
String path = "F:/F/白冰.jpg";
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
// byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(in);//读取输入流内容的字节到字节数组中。
// response.getOutputStream().write(bytes);
IOUtils.copy(in, response.getOutputStream());
}
}
request
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 演示:获取客户端的IP地址、获取请求方式、获取User-Agent,得到客户端的信息(操作系统 浏览器)。
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String addr = request.getRemoteAddr();//获取客户端的IP地址
response.sendRedirect("http://www.baidu.com");
if(true) return;
// System.out.println("IP: " + addr);
// System.out.println("请求方式:" + request.getMethod());//获取请求方式
String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");//获取名为User-Agent的请求头!
/*
* Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/28.0.1500.72 Safari/537.36
*/
// 是否包含Chrome,如果包含,说明用户使用的是google浏览器
if(userAgent.toLowerCase().contains("chrome")) {
System.out.println("您好:" + addr + ", 你用的是谷歌");
} else if(userAgent.toLowerCase().contains("firefox")) {
System.out.println("您好:" + addr + ", 你用的是火狐");
} else if(userAgent.toLowerCase().contains("msie")) {
System.out.println("您好:" + addr + ", 你用的是IE");
}
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class CServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* 通过request来获取url的相关方法
*/
response.getWriter().print(request.getScheme() + "<br/>");//获取请求协议
response.getWriter().print(request.getServerName() + "<br/>");//获取服务器名称
response.getWriter().print(request.getServerPort() + "<br/>");//获取服务器端口号
response.getWriter().print(request.getContextPath() + "<br/>");//获取项目名称
response.getWriter().print(request.getServletPath() + "<br/>");//获取Servlet路径
response.getWriter().print(request.getQueryString() + "<br/>");//获取参数部分
response.getWriter().print(request.getRequestURI() + "<br/>");//获取请求URI
response.getWriter().print(request.getRequestURL() + "<br/>");//获取请求URL
}
}
防盗链:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>a.html</title>
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
</head>
<body>
<a href="/day10_2/BServlet">xxx</a>
</body>
</html>
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class BServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 使用Referer请求头,来防盗链
*/
String referer = request.getHeader("Referer");
System.out.println(referer);
if(referer == null || !referer.contains("localhost")) {
response.sendRedirect("http://www.baidu.com");
} else {
System.out.println("hello!");
}
}
}
a.html :
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>a.html</title>
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>测试请求参数</h1>
<a href="/day10_3/AServlet?xxx=XXX&yyy=YYY">点击这里</a>
<hr/>
<form action="/day10_3/AServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
密 码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
爱 好:<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="cf"/>吃饭
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="sj"/>睡觉
<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="ddm"/>打代码
<br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
AServlet.java :
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 演示request获取请求参数!
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("GET: " + request.getParameter("xxx"));
System.out.println("GET: " + request.getParameter("yyy"));
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String[] hobby = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
System.out.println(username + ", " + password + ", " + Arrays.toString(hobby));
/*
* 测试获取所有请求参数的名称
*/
Enumeration names = request.getParameterNames();
while(names.hasMoreElements()) {
System.out.println(names.nextElement());
}
/*
* 获取所有请求参数,封装到Map中
*/
Map<String,String[]> map = request.getParameterMap();
for(String name : map.keySet()) {
String[] values = map.get(name);
System.out.println(name + "=" + Arrays.toString(values));
}
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet.forward;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 演示请求转发
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class OneServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("OneServlet...");
response.setHeader("aaa", "AAA");//设置响应头
// for(int i = 0; i < 1024 * 24 + 1; i++) {
// response.getWriter().print("a");//设置响应体
// }
/*
* 向reuqest域中添加一个属性
*/
request.setAttribute("username", "zhangsan");
// 等同与调用TwoServlet的service()方法。
request.getRequestDispatcher("/TwoServlet").forward(request, response);//请求转发
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet.forward;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class TwoServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println(request.getAttribute("username"));
System.out.println("TwoServlet...");
response.getWriter().print("hello TwoServlet!");//设置响应体
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet.include;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class OneServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("OneServlet...");
response.setHeader("aaa", "AAA");//设置响应头
response.getWriter().print("aaaa");//设置响应体
request.getRequestDispatcher("/TwoServlet").include(request, response);//请求包含
}
}
package cn.itcast.servlet.include;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class TwoServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("TwoServlet...");
response.getWriter().print("hello TwoServlet!");//设置响应体
}
}
编码
1. 响应编码
2. 请求编码
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>form.html</title>
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page">
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">-->
</head>
<body>
This is my HTML page. <br>
<form action="/day10_4/AServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username" value="李四"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
<hr/>
<a href="/day10_4/AServlet?username=张三">GET</a>
</body>
</html>
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* 1. 先获取来使用iso的错误字符串
* 2. (iso)回退,(使用utf-8)重编
*/
String name = request.getParameter("username");
byte[] b = name.getBytes("iso-8859-1");
name = new String(b, "utf-8");
System.out.println(name);
}
@Override
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
* 1. 在获取参数之前,需要先调用request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
* 2. 使用getParameter()来获取参数
*/
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String username = req.getParameter("username");
System.out.println(username);
}
}
3. URL编码
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* URL编码
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class Demo {
/*
* [-27, -68, -96, -28, -72, -119]
* [%E5, %BC, %A0, -28, -72, -119]%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89
*/
@Test
public void fun1() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String name = "张三";
// byte[] bytes = name.getBytes("utf-8");
// System.out.println(Arrays.toString(bytes));
String s = URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(s);
s = URLDecoder.decode(s, "utf-8");
System.out.println(s);
}
}
路径
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* 演示ClassLoader和Class获取类路径资源
* @author cxf
*
*/
public class Demo2 {
/*
* 说ClassLoader获取资源时,不能以“/”开头!
*/
@Test
public void fun1() throws IOException {
ClassLoader cl = Demo2.class.getClassLoader();//得到类加载器
InputStream in = cl.getResourceAsStream("a.html");//让类加载器去类路径下查找资源
System.out.println(IOUtils.toString(in));
}
/*
* 使用class来加载类路径下的资源1
*/
@Test
public void fun2() throws IOException {
Class c = Demo2.class;
InputStream in = c.getResourceAsStream("/a.html");//与类加载器的效果相同
System.out.println(IOUtils.toString(in));
}
/*
* 使用class来加载类路径下的资源2
*/
@Test
public void fun3() throws IOException {
Class c = Demo2.class;
InputStream in = c.getResourceAsStream("a.html");//到当前Class对应的.class文件所在目录去加载
System.out.println(IOUtils.toString(in));
}
}