arm64/aarch64启动汇编代码-详细解析

/*
 * Low-level CPU initialisation
 * Based on arch/arm/kernel/head.S
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1994-2002 Russell King
 * Copyright (C) 2003-2012 ARM Ltd.
 * Authors:	Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
 *		Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/irqchip/arm-gic-v3.h>

#include <asm/assembler.h>
#include <asm/boot.h>
#include <asm/ptrace.h>
#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
#include <asm/cache.h>
#include <asm/cputype.h>
#include <asm/elf.h>
#include <asm/kernel-pgtable.h>
#include <asm/kvm_arm.h>
#include <asm/memory.h>
#include <asm/pgtable-hwdef.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/smp.h>
#include <asm/sysreg.h>
#include <asm/thread_info.h>
#include <asm/virt.h>

#define __PHYS_OFFSET	(KERNEL_START - TEXT_OFFSET)

#if (TEXT_OFFSET & 0xfff) != 0
#error TEXT_OFFSET must be at least 4KB aligned
#elif (PAGE_OFFSET & 0x1fffff) != 0
#error PAGE_OFFSET must be at least 2MB aligned
#elif TEXT_OFFSET > 0x1fffff
#error TEXT_OFFSET must be less than 2MB
#endif

/*
 * Kernel startup entry point.
 * ---------------------------
 *
 * The requirements are:
 *   MMU = off, D-cache = off, I-cache = on or off,
 *   x0 = physical address to the FDT blob.
 *
 * This code is mostly position independent so you call this at
 * __pa(PAGE_OFFSET + TEXT_OFFSET).
 *
 * Note that the callee-saved registers are used for storing variables
 * that are useful before the MMU is enabled. The allocations are described
 * in the entry routines.
 */
	__HEAD
_head:
	/*
	 * DO NOT MODIFY. Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders.
	 */
#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
	/*
	 * This add instruction has no meaningful effect except that
	 * its opcode forms the magic "MZ" signature required by UEFI.
	 */
	add	x13, x18, #0x16
	b	stext
#else
	b	stext				// branch to kernel start, magic
	.long	0				// reserved
#endif
	le64sym	_kernel_offset_le		// Image load offset from start of RAM, little-endian
	le64sym	_kernel_size_le			// Effective size of kernel image, little-endian
	le64sym	_kernel_flags_le		// Informative flags, little-endian
	.quad	0				// reserved
	.quad	0				// reserved
	.quad	0				// reserved
	.byte	0x41				// Magic number, "ARM\x64"
	.byte	0x52
	.byte	0x4d
	.byte	0x64
#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
	.long	pe_header - _head		// Offset to the PE header.
#else
	.word	0				// reserved
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
	.align 3
pe_header:
	.ascii	"PE"
	.short 	0
coff_header:
	.short	0xaa64				// AArch64
	.short	2				// nr_sections
	.long	0 				// TimeDateStamp
	.long	0				// PointerToSymbolTable
	.long	1				// NumberOfSymbols
	.short	section_table - optional_header	// SizeOfOptionalHeader
	.short	0x206				// Characteristics.
						// IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_STRIPPED |
						// IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE |
						// IMAGE_FILE_LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED
optional_header:
	.short	0x20b				// PE32+ format
	.byte	0x02				// MajorLinkerVersion
	.byte	0x14				// MinorLinkerVersion
	.long	_end - efi_header_end		// SizeOfCode
	.long	0				// SizeOfInitializedData
	.long	0				// SizeOfUninitializedData
	.long	__efistub_entry - _head		// AddressOfEntryPoint
	.long	efi_header_end - _head		// BaseOfCode

extra_header_fields:
	.quad	0				// ImageBase
	.long	0x1000				// SectionAlignment
	.long	PECOFF_FILE_ALIGNMENT		// FileAlignment
	.short	0				// MajorOperatingSystemVersion
	.short	0				// MinorOperatingSystemVersion
	.short	0				// MajorImageVersion
	.short	0				// MinorImageVersion
	.short	0				// MajorSubsystemVersion
	.short	0				// MinorSubsystemVersion
	.long	0				// Win32VersionValue

	.long	_end - _head			// SizeOfImage

	// Everything before the kernel image is considered part of the header
	.long	efi_header_end - _head		// SizeOfHeaders
	.long	0				// CheckSum
	.short	0xa				// Subsystem (EFI application)
	.short	0				// DllCharacteristics
	.quad	0				// SizeOfStackReserve
	.quad	0				// SizeOfStackCommit
	.quad	0				// SizeOfHeapReserve
	.quad	0				// SizeOfHeapCommit
	.long	0				// LoaderFlags
	.long	0x6				// NumberOfRvaAndSizes

	.quad	0				// ExportTable
	.quad	0				// ImportTable
	.quad	0				// ResourceTable
	.quad	0				// ExceptionTable
	.quad	0				// CertificationTable
	.quad	0				// BaseRelocationTable

	// Section table
section_table:

	/*
	 * The EFI application loader requires a relocation section
	 * because EFI applications must be relocatable.  This is a
	 * dummy section as far as we are concerned.
	 */
	.ascii	".reloc"
	.byte	0
	.byte	0			// end of 0 padding of section name
	.long	0
	.long	0
	.long	0			// SizeOfRawData
	.long	0			// PointerToRawData
	.long	0			// Poin