hibernate一对一主键关联映射（一）－－－单向关联

1.新建工程项目hibernate_one2one_pk_1,添加hibernate所需Jar包和mysql驱动Jar包。

2.建立工具类HihernateUtils.java和ExportDB.java，代码如下：

    HibernateUtils.java

1. package com.i51pro.hibernate;
3. import org.hibernate.Session;
4. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
5. import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
7. public class HibernateUtils {
9.     private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
10.     static {
11.         try {
12.             Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
13.             sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
14.         } catch (Exception e) {
15.             e.printStackTrace();
16.         }
17.     }
19.     public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
20.         return sessionFactory;
21.     }
23.     public static Session getSession() {
24.         return sessionFactory.openSession();
25.     }
27.     public static void closeSession(Session session) {
28.         if (session != null) {
29.             if (session.isOpen()) {
30.                 session.close();
31.             }
32.         }
33.     }
34. }

    ExportDB.java

1. package com.i51pro.hibernate;
3. import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
4. import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
6. public class ExportDB {
8.     /**
9.      * @param args
10.      */
11.     public static void main(String[] args) {
12.         Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
13.         
14.         SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);
15.         export.create(true, true);
16.     }
17. }

 

3.编写实体类和映射文件，代码如下：

    IdCard.java

1. package com.i51pro.hibernate;
3. public class IdCard {
5.     private int id;
6.     
7.     private String cardNo;
9.     public int getId() {
10.         return id;
11.     }
13.     public void setId(int id) {
14.         this.id = id;
15.     }
17.     public String getCardNo() {
18.         return cardNo;
19.     }
21.     public void setCardNo(String cardNo) {
22.         this.cardNo = cardNo;
23.     }
24. }

    Person.java

1. package com.i51pro.hibernate;
3. public class Person {
5.     private int id;
6.     
7.     private String name;
9.     private IdCard idCard;
10.     
11.     public int getId() {
12.         return id;
13.     }
15.     public void setId(int id) {
16.         this.id = id;
17.     }
19.     public String getName() {
20.         return name;
21.     }
23.     public void setName(String name) {
24.         this.name = name;
25.     }
27.     public IdCard getIdCard() {
28.         return idCard;
29.     }
31.     public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) {
32.         this.idCard = idCard;
33.     }
34. }

    IdCard.hbm.xml

1. <?xml version="1.0"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
3.     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
4.     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping>
6.     <class name="com.i51pro.hibernate.IdCard" table="t_idcard">
7.         <id name="id">
8.             <generator class="native"/>
9.         </id>
10.         <property name="cardNo"/>
11.     </class>
12. </hibernate-mapping>

    Person.hbm.xml

 

1. <?xml version="1.0"?>
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
3.     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
4.     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-mapping>
6.     <class name="com.i51pro.hibernate.Person" table="t_person">
7.         <id name="id">
8.             <generator class="foreign">
9.                 <param name="property">idCard</param>
10.             </generator>
11.         </id>
12.         <property name="name"/>
13.         <one-to-one name="idCard" constrained="true" />
14.     </class>
15. </hibernate-mapping>

4.编写hibernate映射文件，代码如下：

    hibernate.cfg.xml

1. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
2.     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
3.     "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
5. <hibernate-configuration>
6.     <session-factory>
7.         <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate_one2one_pk_1</property>
8.         <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
9.         <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
10.         <property name="hibernate.connection.password">admin</property>
11.         <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
12.         <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
13.         
14.         <mapping resource="com/i51pro/hibernate/Person.hbm.xml"/>
15.         <mapping resource="com/i51pro/hibernate/IdCard.hbm.xml"/>
16.     </session-factory>
17. </hibernate-configuration>

5.在工程项目hibernate_one2one_ pk_1下新建一个SourceFolder，命名为test,编写单元测试类One2OneTest.java,代码如下：

    One2OneTest.java

  

1. package com.i51pro.hibernate;
3. import org.hibernate.Session;
4. import org.hibernate.Transaction;
6. import junit.framework.TestCase;
8. public class One2OneTest extends TestCase {
10.     public void testSave1() {
11.         Session session = null;
12.         try {
13.             session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
14.             Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
15.             
16.             IdCard idCard = new IdCard();
17.             idCard.setCardNo("88888888");
18.             
19.             Person person = new Person();
20.             person.setName("李小晚");
21.             person.setIdCard(idCard);
22.             
23.             /**
24.              * 不会发生TransientOabjectException异常
25.              * 因为一对一主键关联映射中，默认了cascade属性
26.              */
27.             session.save(person);
28.             
29.             session.getTransaction().commit();
30.         }catch(Exception e) {
31.             e.printStackTrace();
32.             session.getTransaction().rollback();
33.         }finally {
34.             HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
35.         }
36.     }
37.     
38.     public void testLoad1() {
39.         Session session = null;
40.         try {
41.             session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
42.             Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
43.             
44.             Person person = (Person)session.load(Person.class, 1);
45.             System.out.println("person.name:" + person.getName() );
46.             System.out.println("idCard.name:" + person.getIdCard().getCardNo());
47.             
48.             session.getTransaction().commit();
49.         }catch(Exception e) {
50.             e.printStackTrace();
51.             session.getTransaction().rollback();
52.         }
53.     }
54. }

总结：hibernate一对一主键关联映射（单向关联Person---->IdCard）

一对一主键关联映射:让两个实体对象的id保持相同，这样可以避免多余的字段被创建

具体映射：

 <id name="id">
  <!-- person的主键来源idCard，也就是共享idCard的主键 -->
  <generator class="foreign">
   <param name="property">idCard</param>
  </generator>
 </id>
 <property name="name"/>
 <!-- one-to-one标签的含义，指示hibernate怎么加载它的关联对象，默认根据主键加载，
 constrained="true"， 表明当前主键上存在一个约束，person的主键作为外键参照了idCard 
  -->
 <one-to-one name="idCard" constrained="true"/>