第十二周作业——高级编程作业

11 Matplotlib

Exercise 11.1:Plotting a function

    plot the function f(x) = sin2(x-2)e^(-x^2)

over the interval [0; 2]. Add proper axis labels, a title, etc

import numpy as np  

import matplotlib . pyplot as plt 

fig, ax = plt.subplots()  

x = np. linspace (0 , 2, 1000)  

y = np.power(np.sin(x-2), 2) * np.exp(-x*x)  

plt . plot (x , y)  

ax.set_xlabel('x')  

ax.set_ylabel('y')  

ax.set_title('title')  

plt . show() 

Exercise 11.2: Data 
    Create a data matrix X with 20 observations of 10 variables. Generate a vector b with parameters Then generate the response vector y = Xb+z where z is a vector with standard normally distributed variables. Now (by only using y and X), find an estimator for b, by solving 
^b = arg min 

    Plot the true parameters b and estimated parameters ˆb. See Figure 1 for an example plot.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  

import numpy as np  

from scipy.optimize import minimize   

  def func(b0, X, y):    

    return np.linalg.norm(np.dot(X, b0) - y, ord=2)      

X = np.random.normal(size = (20,10))  

b = np.random.normal(size = (10, 1))  

z = np.random.normal(size = (20,1))  

y = np.dot(X, b) + z    

b0 = np.zeros((10,1))     

b1 = p.x  

p = minimize(func, b0, args=(X,y)) 

x1 = np.linspace(0, 9, 10)  

fig = plt.figure()  

p1 = plt.scatter(x1, b, c = 'c')  

p2 = plt.scatter(x1, b1, c = 'm')    

plt.xlabel('index')    

plt.ylabel('value')    

plt.legend([p1, p2], ['Ture coeffiients', 'Estimated coefficients'])    

plt.show()  

Exercise 11.3: Histogram and density estimation 

    Generate a vector z of 10000 observations from your favorite exotic distribution. Then make a plot that shows a histogram of z (with 25 bins), along with an estimate for the density, using a Gaussian kernel density estimator (see scipy.stats). See Figure 2 for an example plot.

x = np.linspace(-10,30,10000)

plot(x,stats.norm.pdf(x=x,loc=10,scale=5),color='red')

hist(stats.norm.rvs(loc=10,scale=5,size=1000),bins-25,normed=true,color='blue',alpha=0.6)

show()