CC00060.spark——|Hadoop&Spark.V07|——|Spark.v07|Spark Streaming|DStream转换操作|

yanqi_vip

已于 2022-04-13 17:51:33 修改

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分类专栏： bigdatav017——spark.v002 文章标签： java hive spark python gson

于 2022-04-12 13:32:00 首次发布

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一、有状态转换

### --- 有状态转换

~~~     有状态的转换主要有两种：窗口操作、状态跟踪操作

### --- 窗口操作

~~~     Window Operations可以设置窗口大小和滑动窗口间隔来动态的获取当前Streaming的状态。
~~~     基于窗口的操作会在一个比 StreamingContext 的 batchDuration(批次间隔)更长的时间范围内，
~~~     通过整合多个批次的结果，计算出整个窗口的结果。

### --- 基于窗口的操作需要两个参数：

~~~     窗口长度(windowDuration)。控制每次计算最近的多少个批次的数据
~~~     滑动间隔(slideDuration)。用来控制对新的 DStream 进行计算的间隔
~~~     两者都必须是 StreamingContext 中批次间隔(batchDuration)的整数倍。

二、编程代码实现：

### --- 编程代码实现：每秒发送1个数字：

package cn.yanqi.streaming

import java.io.PrintWriter
import java.net.{ServerSocket, Socket}

object SocketLikeNCWithWindow {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val port = 1521
    val ss = new ServerSocket(port)
    val socket: Socket = ss.accept()
    println("connect to host : " + socket.getInetAddress)
    var i = 0

    // 每秒发送1个数
    while(true) {
      i += 1
      val out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream)
      out.println(i)
      out.flush()
      Thread.sleep(1000)
    }
  }
}

三、编程实现：案例一

1、需求
观察窗口的数据；
观察 batchDuration、windowDuration、slideDuration 三者之间的关系；
使用窗口相关的操作；

2、编程代码实现

package cn.yanqi.streaming

import org.apache.log4j.{Level, Logger}
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, StreamingContext}
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream

object WindowDemo {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    // 初始化
    Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.ERROR)
    val conf = new SparkConf().setAppName("FileDStream").setMaster("local[*]")
    val ssc = new StreamingContext(conf, Seconds(5))

    // 创建DStream
    val lines: DStream[String] = ssc.socketTextStream("localhost", 9999)

    // DStream转换和输出
    // foreachRDD输出
//    lines.foreachRDD{(rdd, time) =>
//      println(s"rdd = ${rdd.id}; time = $time")
//      rdd.foreach(println)
//    }

    // 窗口操作
    val res1: DStream[String] = lines.reduceByWindow(_ + " " + _, Seconds(20), Seconds(10))
    res1.print()

    val res2: DStream[String] = lines.window(Seconds(20), Seconds(10))
    res2.print()

    val res3: DStream[Int] = res2.map(_.toInt).reduce(_ + _)
    res3.print()

    val res4: DStream[Int] = lines.map(_.toInt).reduceByWindow(_+_, Seconds(20), Seconds(10))
    res4.print()

    // 启动作业
    ssc.start()
    ssc.awaitTermination()
  }
}

### --- 编译打印

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cn.yanqi.streaming.WindowDemo

-------------------------------------------
Time: 1634745115000 ms
-------------------------------------------

四、编程实现：案例二

### --- 编程代码实现：热点搜索词实时统计。每隔 10 秒，统计最近20秒的词出现的次数

package cn.yanqi.streaming

import org.apache.log4j.{Level, Logger}
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, StreamingContext}
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream

object HotWordStats {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    // 初始化
    Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.ERROR)
    val conf = new SparkConf().setAppName("FileDStream").setMaster("local[*]")
    val ssc = new StreamingContext(conf, Seconds(5))
    // 设置检查点，保存状态。在生产中目录应该设置到HDFS
    ssc.checkpoint("data/checkpoint")

    // 创建DStream
    val lines: DStream[String] = ssc.socketTextStream("localhost", 9999)

    // DStream转换&输出
    // 每隔 10 秒，统计最近20秒的词出现的次数
    // window1 = t1 + t2 + t3
    // window2 = t3 + t4 + t5
    val wordCounts1: DStream[(String, Int)] = lines.flatMap(_.split("\\s+"))
      .map((_, 1))
      .reduceByKeyAndWindow((x: Int, y: Int) => x+y, Seconds(20), Seconds(10))
    wordCounts1.print()

    // window2 = w1 - t1 - t2 + t4 + t5
    // 需要checkpoint支持
    val wordCounts2: DStream[(String, Int)] = lines.flatMap(_.split("\\s+"))
      .map((_, 1))
      .reduceByKeyAndWindow(_+_, _-_, Seconds(20), Seconds(10))
    wordCounts2.print()

    // 启动作业
    ssc.start()
    ssc.awaitTermination()
  }
}

### --- 编译打印

D:\JAVA\jdk1.8.0_231\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJIDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=52775:D:\IntelliJIDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath 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cn.yanqi.streaming.HotWordStats
Using Spark's default log4j profile: org/apache/spark/log4j-defaults.properties
-------------------------------------------
Time: 1634745260000 ms
-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------
Time: 1634745260000 ms
-------------------------------------------

五、updateStateByKey

### --- updateStateByKey(状态追踪操作)

~~~     UpdateStateByKey的主要功能：
~~~     为Streaming中每一个Key维护一份state状态，state类型可以是任意类型的，可以是自定义对象；
~~~     更新函数也可以是自定义的
~~~     通过更新函数对该key的状态不断更新，对于每个新的batch而言，
~~~     SparkStreaming会在使用updateStateByKey 的时候为已经存在的key进行state的状态更新
~~~     使用 updateStateByKey 时要开启 checkpoint 功能

### --- 源码提取说明
### --- 编程代码实现：流式程序启动后计算wordcount的累计值，将每个批次的结果保存到文件

package cn.yanqi.streaming

import org.apache.log4j.{Level, Logger}
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, StreamingContext}
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream

object StateTracker1 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    // 初始化
    Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.ERROR)
    val conf = new SparkConf().setAppName("FileDStream").setMaster("local[*]")
    val ssc = new StreamingContext(conf, Seconds(2))
    ssc.checkpoint("data/checkpoint/")

    // 创建DStream
    val lines: DStream[String] = ssc.socketTextStream("localhost", 9999)

    // DStream转换
    val pairsDStream: DStream[(String, Int)] = lines.flatMap(_.split("\\s+"))
      .map((_, 1))

    // updateFunc: (Seq[V], Option[S]) => Option[S]
    val updateFunc: (Seq[Int], Option[Int]) => Some[Int] = (currValues: Seq[Int], prevValues: Option[Int]) => {
      val currentSum = currValues.sum
      val prevSum: Int = prevValues.getOrElse(0)
      Some(currentSum + prevSum)
    }

    val resultDStream: DStream[(String, Int)] = pairsDStream.updateStateByKey[Int](updateFunc)
    resultDStream.cache()

    // DStream输出
    resultDStream.print()
    resultDStream
      .saveAsTextFiles("data/output1/")

    // 启动作业
    ssc.start()
    ssc.awaitTermination()
  }
}

### --- 编译打印

D:\JAVA\jdk1.8.0_231\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJIDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=64065:D:\IntelliJIDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath 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cn.yanqi.streaming.StateTracker1
Using Spark's default log4j profile: org/apache/spark/log4j-defaults.properties
-------------------------------------------
Time: 1634745550000 ms
-------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------
Time: 1634745552000 ms
-------------------------------------------

六、编程代码实现

### --- 编程代码实现说明

~~~     统计全局的key的状态，但是就算没有数据输入，也会在每一个批次的时候返回之前的key的状态。
~~~     这样的缺点：如果数据量很大的话，checkpoint 数据会占用较大的存储，而且效率也不高。
~~~     mapWithState：也是用于全局统计key的状态。如果没有数据输入，
~~~     便不会返回之前的key的状态，有一点增量的感觉。
~~~     这样做的好处是，只关心那些已经发生的变化的key，对于没有数据输入，
~~~     则不会返回那些没有变化的key的数据。即使数据量很大，checkpoint也不会像
~~~     updateStateByKey那样，占用太多的存储。

### --- 编程代码实现

package cn.yanqi.streaming

import org.apache.log4j.{Level, Logger}
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, State, StateSpec, StreamingContext}

object StateTracker2 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    // 初始化
    Logger.getLogger("org").setLevel(Level.ERROR)
    val conf = new SparkConf().setAppName("FileDStream").setMaster("local[*]")
    val ssc = new StreamingContext(conf, Seconds(2))
    ssc.checkpoint("data/checkpoint/")

    // 创建DStream
    val lines: DStream[String] = ssc.socketTextStream("localhost", 9999)

    // DStream转换
    val pairsDStream: DStream[(String, Int)] = lines.flatMap(_.split("\\s+"))
      .map((_, 1))

    // (KeyType, Option[ValueType], State[StateType]) => MappedType
    def mappingFunction(key: String, one: Option[Int], state: State[Int]): (String, Int) = {
      // 计算value
      val sum = one.getOrElse(0) + state.getOption().getOrElse(0)
      // 保存状态
      state.update(sum)
      // 输出值
      (key, sum)
    }
    val spec = StateSpec.function(mappingFunction _)
    val resultDStream: DStream[(String, Int)] = pairsDStream.mapWithState[Int, (String, Int)](spec)
      // 显示快照(显示所有相关的key-value)
      .stateSnapshots()
    resultDStream.cache()

    // DStream输出
    resultDStream.print()
    resultDStream.saveAsTextFiles("data/output2/")

    // 启动作业
    ssc.start()
    ssc.awaitTermination()
  }
}

### --- 编译打印

D:\JAVA\jdk1.8.0_231\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJIDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=64174:D:\IntelliJIDEA\IntelliJ IDEA 2019.3.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath 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cn.yanqi.streaming.StateTracker2
Using Spark's default log4j profile: org/apache/spark/log4j-defaults.properties
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Time: 1634745726000 ms
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Time: 1634745728000 ms
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yanqi_vip

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CC00060.spark——|Hadoop&Spark.V07|——|Spark.v07|Spark Streaming|DStream转换操作|

一、有状态转换### --- 有状态转换~~~ 有状态的转换主要有两种：窗口操作、状态跟踪操作### --- 窗口操作~~~ Window Operations可以设置窗口大小和滑动窗口间隔来动态的获取当前Streaming的状态。~~~ 基于窗口的操作会在一个比 StreamingContext 的 batchDuration(批次间隔)更长...
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