用C语言搭建UDP服务器/客户端

UDP流程图

服务器

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>

#define ERR_MSG(msg)  do{\
    fprintf(stderr, "__%s__ __%s__  __%d__ ", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);\
    perror(msg);\
}while(0)

#define PORT 6666               //1024~49151
#define IP  "000.000.000.000"        //ifconfig


int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    //创建报式套接字
    int sfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if(sfd < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("socket");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("sfd = %d __%d__\n", sfd, __LINE__);

    //填充服务器的地址信息结构体， AF_INET: man 7 ip
    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family      = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port        = htons(PORT);      //1024~49151
    sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(IP);    //ifconfig

    //绑定服务器自身的地址信息
    if(bind(sfd, (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("bind");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("bind success __%d__\n", __LINE__);

    char buf[128] = "";
    struct sockaddr_in cin;     //存储客户端的地址信息
    socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(cin);

    ssize_t res = 0;
    while(1)
    {
        bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
        //接收
        res = recvfrom(sfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&cin, &addrlen);
        //res = recvfrom(sfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, NULL);
        //res = recv(sfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
        if(res < 0)
        {
            ERR_MSG("recvfrom");
            return -1;
        }                                                                             
        printf("[%s:%d] : %s __%d__\n", \
                inet_ntoa(cin.sin_addr), ntohs(cin.sin_port), buf, __LINE__);

        //发送 --> 谁发给我，我发还给谁
        strcat(buf, "*_*");

        if(sendto(sfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&cin, sizeof(cin)) < 0)
        {
            ERR_MSG("sendto");
            return -1;
        }
        printf("sendto success __%d__\n", __LINE__);

    }

    //关闭
    if(close(sfd) < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("close");
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

客户端

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>

#define ERR_MSG(msg)  do{\
    fprintf(stderr, "__%s__ __%s__  __%d__ ", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);\
    perror(msg);\
}while(0)

#define PORT 6666               //1024~49151
#define IP  "000.000.000.000"        //ifconfig


int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    //创建报式套接字
    int cfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if(cfd < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("socket");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("cfd = %d __%d__\n", cfd, __LINE__);

    //绑定客户端自身的地址信息---》非必须绑定
    //若不绑定则操作系统会自动给客户端绑定上一个可用IP以及随机端口。

    /*

    //绑定服务器自身的地址信息
    if(bind(cfd, (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("bind");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("bind success __%d__\n", __LINE__);
    */

    //填充服务器的地址信息结构体，给sendto函数使用
    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family      = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port        = htons(PORT);      //服务器的端口
    sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(IP);    //服务器的IP


    char buf[128] = "";
    struct sockaddr_in dstAddr;
    socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(dstAddr);

    ssize_t res = 0;
    while(1)
    {
        bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
        printf("请输入>>> ");
        fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin);                                                 
        buf[strlen(buf)-1] = 0;

        if(sendto(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0)
        {
            ERR_MSG("sendto");
            return -1;
        }
        printf("sendto success __%d__\n", __LINE__);

        //接收
        res = recvfrom(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&dstAddr, &addrlen);
        //res = recvfrom(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, NULL, NULL);
        //res = recv(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
        //res = read(cfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
        if(res < 0)
        {
            ERR_MSG("recvfrom");
            return -1;
        }
        printf("[%s:%d] : %s __%d__\n", \
                inet_ntoa(dstAddr.sin_addr), ntohs(dstAddr.sin_port), buf, __LINE__);
    }

    //关闭
    if(close(cfd) < 0)
    {
        ERR_MSG("close");
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

IP地址和端口号可自行修改