linux c++ 实用工具函数

1.Linux时间戳

#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

std::string get_time()
{
    time_t tt = time(NULL);//这句返回的只是一个时间cuo
    tm* t= localtime(&tt);
    char ti[128];
    sprintf(ti,"%d-%02d-%02d_%02d-%02d-%02d",t->tm_year + 1900, t->tm_mon + 1, t->tm_mday, t->tm_hour, t->tm_min, t->tm_sec);
    std::string ttt = ti;
    printf("time: %s\n",ti);
    return ttt;
}

2.字符串分割（非常实用）头文件不列，win,linux均测试

void SplitString(const string& s, vector<string>& v, const string& c)
{
    string::size_type pos1, pos2;
    pos2 = s.find(c);
    pos1 = 0;
    while (string::npos != pos2)
    {
        v.push_back(s.substr(pos1, pos2 - pos1));

        pos1 = pos2 + c.size();
        pos2 = s.find(c, pos1);
    }
    if (pos1 != s.length())
        v.push_back(s.substr(pos1));
}

3.string2*,win linux均测试

int str2int(const string str)
{
    int temp;
    stringstream stream(str);
    stream>>temp;
    return temp;
}

如果要2其他（float double等），直接将int换成其他

4.opencv Rect按中心点外扩Size

Rect rectCenterScale(Rect rect, Size size)
{
    rect = rect + size;
    Point pt;
    pt.x = cvRound(size.width/2.0);
    pt.y = cvRound(size.height/2.0);
    return (rect-pt);
}

5.创建文件夹(Linux 系统命令创建文件)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <mutex>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

int creat_dir(std::string dir)
{
    if (access(dir.c_str(), 0) == -1)
    {
        std::cout << dir << " is not existing" << std::endl;
        cout << "now make it" << endl;
#ifdef WIN32  
        int flag=mkdir(dir.c_str());
#endif
#ifdef LINUX   
        int flag=mkdir(dir.c_str(), 0777);
#endif
        if (flag == 0)
        {
            std::cout << "make successfully" << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "make errorly" << std::endl;
        }
    }
    /*如果dir为文件名*/
    if (access(dir.c_str(), 0) == -1)
        system("touch license.lic");
    return 0;
}

这个头文件还真忘了，应该就是其中几个(Linux)。win加预处理器定义或者修改mkdir为_mkdir，头文件为direct.h

6.base642Mat（base64码转opencv Mat）

static const std::string base64_chars =
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
"0123456789+/";

std::string base64_decode(std::string const &encoded_string) {
    int in_len = encoded_string.size();
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    int in_ = 0;
    unsigned char char_array_4[4], char_array_3[3];
    std::string ret;

    while (in_len-- && (encoded_string[in_] != '=')) {
        char_array_4[i++] = encoded_string[in_]; in_++;
        if (i == 4) {
            for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                char_array_4[i] = base64_chars.find(char_array_4[i]);

            char_array_3[0] = (char_array_4[0] << 2) + ((char_array_4[1] & 0x30) >> 4);
            char_array_3[1] = ((char_array_4[1] & 0xf) << 4) + ((char_array_4[2] & 0x3c) >> 2);
            char_array_3[2] = ((char_array_4[2] & 0x3) << 6) + char_array_4[3];

            for (i = 0; (i < 3); i++)
                ret += char_array_3[i];
            i = 0;
        }
    }

    if (i) {
        for (j = i; j < 4; j++)
            char_array_4[j] = 0;

        for (j = 0; j < 4; j++)
            char_array_4[j] = base64_chars.find(char_array_4[j]);

        char_array_3[0] = (char_array_4[0] << 2) + ((char_array_4[1] & 0x30) >> 4);
        char_array_3[1] = ((char_array_4[1] & 0xf) << 4) + ((char_array_4[2] & 0x3c) >> 2);
        char_array_3[2] = ((char_array_4[2] & 0x3) << 6) + char_array_4[3];

        for (j = 0; (j < i - 1); j++) ret += char_array_3[j];
    }

    return ret;
}

cv::Mat base64ToMat(string &base64) {
    string decoded_string = base64_decode(base64);
    std::vector<uchar> data(decoded_string.begin(), decoded_string.end());
    cv::Mat image = cv::imdecode(data, CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);
    return image;
}

7.Mat2Base64（opencv Mat 转base64码）

static const std::string base64_chars =
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
"0123456789+/";

std::string base64_encode(const char* bytes_to_encode, int in_len) {
    std::string ret;
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    unsigned char char_array_3[3];
    unsigned char char_array_4[4];

    while (in_len--) {
        char_array_3[i++] = *(bytes_to_encode++);
        if (i == 3) {
            char_array_4[0] = (char_array_3[0] & 0xfc) >> 2;
            char_array_4[1] = ((char_array_3[0] & 0x03) << 4) + ((char_array_3[1] & 0xf0) >> 4);
            char_array_4[2] = ((char_array_3[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + ((char_array_3[2] & 0xc0) >> 6);
            char_array_4[3] = char_array_3[2] & 0x3f;

            for (i = 0; (i <4); i++)
                ret += base64_chars[char_array_4[i]];
            i = 0;
        }
    }

    if (i)
    {
        for (j = i; j < 3; j++)
            char_array_3[j] = '\0';

        char_array_4[0] = (char_array_3[0] & 0xfc) >> 2;
        char_array_4[1] = ((char_array_3[0] & 0x03) << 4) + ((char_array_3[1] & 0xf0) >> 4);
        char_array_4[2] = ((char_array_3[1] & 0x0f) << 2) + ((char_array_3[2] & 0xc0) >> 6);
        char_array_4[3] = char_array_3[2] & 0x3f;

        for (j = 0; (j < i + 1); j++)
            ret += base64_chars[char_array_4[j]];

        while ((i++ < 3))
            ret += '=';

    }
    return ret;
}

std::string matToBase64(cv::Mat img)
{
    std::vector<uchar> data_encode;
    cv::imencode(".jpg", img, data_encode);
    std::string str_encode(data_encode.begin(), data_encode.end());
    string base64String = base64_encode(str_encode.c_str(), str_encode.length());
    return base64String;
}

8.json读和取，需要jsoncpp.cpp和json.h。网上一搜一大把

写

std::string getJsonString(parameter *P) {
    Json::FastWriter writer;
    Json::Value root;
    root["flage"] = P->flage;
    //root["ID_base64"] = P->ID_base64;
    //root["img_base64"] = P->img_base64;
    root["up_img_base64"] = P->up_img;
    root["db"] = P->db;

    //root["Compare_image"] = P->Compare_image;
    //root["Feature"] = P->Feature;
    //root["Score"] = P->Score;
    std::string jsonString = writer.write(root);
    return jsonString;
}

读

Json::Reader reader;
Json::Value root;
string ID_base64;
string base_image_base64;
if (reader.parse(postResponseStr, root)) {
    ID_base64 =  root["ID_Base64"].asString();
    base_image_base64 = root["Compare_image"].asString();
}

---

未完待续

---

9.Linux 下UDP发送接收图片

/*
clinet.c
by cwf
*/
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
#include <fcntl.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/socket.h>  
#include <netinet/in.h>  
#include <arpa/inet.h>  

#define    FINISH_FLAG    "FILE_TRANSPORT_FINISH"  
#define    MAXLINE        1024


int Fun_send(char *ip, char *port, char *jpg_path, char *jpg_name)
{
    FILE                   *fp;  
    struct sockaddr_in     serv_addr;  
    char                   buf[MAXLINE];  
    int                    sock_id;  
    int                    read_len;  
    int                    send_len;  
    int                    serv_addr_len;  
    int                    i_ret;  
    char                   file_name[256];
    struct linger          m_sLinger;
    int                    n = 0;

      /* 建立udp套接字*/ 
      memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));  
      serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
      serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(port));  
      inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &serv_addr.sin_addr);  
      serv_addr_len = sizeof(serv_addr);

      if ((sock_id = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {  
          perror("Create socket failed");  
          close(sock_id);  
          return -1;    
      }  
      m_sLinger.l_onoff=1;
      m_sLinger.l_linger=5;//(容许逗留的时间为5秒)
      setsockopt(sock_id,SOL_SOCKET,SO_LINGER,(const char*)&m_sLinger,sizeof(m_sLinger));

      i_ret = connect(sock_id, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr));  
      if (-1 == i_ret) {  
          printf("Connect socket failed!\n");  
          close(sock_id);  
          return -1;
      }  


      /*打开要发送的图片文件*/  
      sprintf(file_name, "%s%s", jpg_path, jpg_name);
      printf("file_name = %s\n", file_name);
      if ((fp = fopen(file_name,"r")) == NULL) {  
          printf("Open file failed\n");  
          fclose(fp); 
          close(sock_id);  
          return -1;    
      } 

      /*报文头*/ 
      bzero(buf, MAXLINE); 
      sprintf(buf, "name=%s", jpg_name);  
      buf[strlen(buf)] = '\0';  
      send_len = send(sock_id, buf, strlen(buf)+1, 0);  
      if ( send_len < 0 ) 
      {  
          printf("Finish send the end string\n");  
          fclose(fp); 
          close(sock_id);  
          return -1;    
      } 


      /*报文体*/
      bzero(buf, MAXLINE);  
      while ( (read_len = fread(buf, sizeof(char), MAXLINE, fp)) > 0 ) 
      {  
          send_len = send(sock_id, buf, read_len, 0);  
          if ( send_len < 0 ) {  
              printf("Send data failed\n");  
              fclose(fp); 
              close(sock_id);  
              return -1;    
          }  
          bzero(buf, MAXLINE);  

          n++;
          if(n == 5)
          {
              n = 0;
              usleep(1);
          }
      }  
      fclose(fp);  

      /*报文结束标志*/  
      bzero(buf, MAXLINE);  
      strcpy(buf, FINISH_FLAG);  
      buf[strlen(buf)] = '\0';  
      send_len = send(sock_id, buf, strlen(buf)+1, 0);  
      if ( send_len < 0 ) {  
          printf("Finish send the end string\n");  
          fclose(fp); 
          close(sock_id); 
          return -1;
      }  


      close(sock_id);  
      printf("Send finish\n");  

      return 0;
}

//./client 192.168.1.61 8000 /opt/renlian/103/ 3_192.168.1.103.jpg
int main(int argc,char **argv)  
{  
    int  i;  

    if (argc != 5) {  
        printf("usage :%s ipaddr portnum filename\n", argv[0]);  
        exit(0);
    }  


    i = Fun_send(argv[1], argv[2], argv[3], argv[4]);

    return 0;  
}  

/*
server.c
by cwf
*/

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <string.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/socket.h>  
#include <netinet/in.h>  
#include <arpa/inet.h>  

#define    FINISH_FLAG    "FILE_TRANSPORT_FINISH"  
#define    MAXLINE        1024  


void Fun_recv(char *jpg_path, char *port)
{
    struct sockaddr_in     serv_addr;  
    struct sockaddr_in     clie_addr;  
    char                   buf[MAXLINE];  
    int                    sock_id;  
    int                    recv_len;  
    int                    clie_addr_len;  
    FILE                   *fp; 
    int nRecvBuf = 32*1024;
    char file_name[256];
    char file_path[256];
    int Port = atoi(port);
    char Jpg_path[256];

    strcpy(Jpg_path, jpg_path);

    while(1)
    {
        //创建套接字
        if ((sock_id = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) < 0) {  
           printf("Create socket failed\n");    
           close(sock_id); 
            exit(0);  
        }  
        setsockopt(sock_id,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,(const char*)&nRecvBuf,sizeof(int));

        /*绑定套接字*/    
        memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));  
        serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
        serv_addr.sin_port = htons(Port);  
        serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);   
        if (bind(sock_id,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0 ) {  
            printf("Bind socket faild\n");
            close(sock_id); 
            exit(0);  
        }  

        /* 接收一张图片*/    
        clie_addr_len = sizeof(clie_addr);  
        bzero(buf, MAXLINE);   
        while (recv_len = recvfrom(sock_id, buf, MAXLINE, 0,(struct sockaddr *)&clie_addr, &clie_addr_len)) {  
            if(recv_len < 0) {  
                printf("Recieve data from client failed!\n");  
                break;  
            }  
            //printf("#");

             /*报文结束标志*/ 
            if ( strstr(buf, FINISH_FLAG) != NULL ) {  
                printf("\nFinish receiver finish_flag\n");  
                break;  
            }  

            /*解析报文头*/ 
            if ( strstr(buf, "name=") != NULL ) {  
                printf("\n%s \n",buf);  
                bzero(file_name, 256); 
                sscanf(buf, "name=%s", file_name);
                printf("file_name = %s\n", file_name);
                sprintf(file_path, "%s%s", Jpg_path, file_name);
                printf("file_path = %s\n", file_path);

                /* 创建收到名字的图片文件*/  
                if ((fp = fopen(file_path, "w")) == NULL) 
                {  
                    printf("Creat file failed");
                    fclose(fp);   
                    close(sock_id); 
                    exit(0);  
                } 
                continue;  
            } 

            /*报文体*/
            int write_length = fwrite(buf, sizeof(char), recv_len, fp);  
            if (write_length < recv_len) {  
                printf("File write failed\n");  
                break;  
            }  
            bzero(buf, MAXLINE);  
        }  

        printf("Finish recieve\n");  
        fclose(fp);   
        close(sock_id);  
    }
    return;
}


//./server /opt/renlian/recv/ 8000 
int main(int argc,char **argv)  
{    
    if (argc != 3) {  
        printf("usage :%s portnum filename\n", argv[0]);  
        exit(0); 
    } 

    Fun_recv(argv[1], argv[2]);

    return 0;  
}  

10.Linux 下获取IP及Mac地址

#include <net/if.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
#define ETH_NAME    "eth0"  //如果要获取其他网卡的地址，将这个换为其他网卡名称，比如eth0

std::string get_ip()
{
    int                 sockfd;
    struct sockaddr_in  sin;
    struct ifreq        ifr;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (sockfd == -1) {
        perror("socket error");
        exit(1);
    }
    strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ETH_NAME, IFNAMSIZ);      //Interface name

    if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == 0) {    //SIOCGIFADDR 获取interface address
        memcpy(&sin, &ifr.ifr_addr, sizeof(ifr.ifr_addr));
        return inet_ntoa(sin.sin_addr);
    }
}

void get_mac(char * mac_a)
{
    int                 sockfd;
    struct ifreq        ifr;

    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (sockfd == -1) {
        perror("socket error");
        exit(1);
    }
    strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ETH_NAME, IFNAMSIZ);      //Interface name

    if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == 0) {  //SIOCGIFHWADDR 获取hardware address
        memcpy(mac_a, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, 6);
    }
}