一般在uboot里除了可以使用默认的env变量，还可以使用存自定义的env并且存储在外部存储介质（如flash）中，然后使能从存储介质读取加载env，当uboot加载env时候会检测env driver，若能成功读取存储介质的env分区并且crc校验成功后就会将env加载到uboot中。但是使用linux的mkenvimage生成的env镜像依旧是以明文形式存在flash中，若自定义了一些对于系统非常重要的env变量（如开机密码、一些key或者重要信息等），很容易从env窃取到重要的启动信息或其他内容。
下图是使用mkenvimage生成并写入flash的env镜像。cat进入查看内容仍可以看到全部的明文信息，保密性不强。
因此这里实现一种对mkenvimage生成的env镜像加密并且在uboot读取env镜像后先进行解密再进行校验加载。综合考虑后使用AES对称加密，AES加密安全性高且uboot有相关的AES的接口。
简要提一下uboot里env的初始化大概流程：
board_init_r→init_sequence_r→initr_env→env_relocate→env_load(若没有使能了外部存储加载env则使用env_default.h默认的env)→找到对应存储介质的env driver→调用env driver→load→调用spi_flash_read根据ENV_SIZE和ENV_OFFSET读取flash的env镜像到内存buf->最后env_import将buf进行crc检验，检验成功后拷贝到uboot的env映射表中。
下图使能了从spi flash加载env
在PC上编写AES加密程序：
int main(int argc,char**argv)
{
u8 commkey[] = { //128bits key，自行定义
0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78,
0x27, 0x7E, 0x1B, 0xFD,
0xEE, 0x0A, 0x45, 0x50,
0x41, 0X83, 0X22, 0xF1};
if(argc!=3)
{
printf("[./env_encrypt] [src_file] [dst_file]\n");
return -1;
}
u32 size=0;
int i;
if (access(argv[1], F_OK)!=0) //加密的源文件
{
printf("%s not found!\n",argv[1]);
return -1;
}
FILE *fp_src=fopen(argv[1],"r+");
FILE *fp_dst=fopen(argv[2],"w+");
if(fp_src==NULL||fp_dst==NULL)
{
printf("fp =NULL\n");
return -1;
}
struct stat file_info;
stat(argv[1] ,&file_info);
size=file_info.st_size; //获得源文件大小
printf("src_file size=%d\n",size);
char buf[size];
char encrypt_data[size];
char decrypt_data[size];
memset(buf,0,size);
memset(encrypt_data,0,size);
int pos=0;
fread(buf,1,size,fp_src);
fclose(fp_src);
u8 tin[16];
u8 tout[16];
u8 expand_key[256];
memset(expand_key,0x00,256*sizeof(u8));
aes_expand_key(commkey, expand_key);//初始化和拓展aes key
for(i=0;i<size;i=i+16)
{
memset(tin,0x00,16);
memset(tout,0x00,16);
memcpy(tin,(char *)buf+i,16);
aes_encrypt(tin,expand_key,tout); //分组加密
memcpy(encrypt_data+i,tout,16);
}
fwrite(encrypt_data,1,size,fp_dst);
printf("encrypt ok\n");
fclose(fp_dst);
return 0;
}
在uboot->env->sf.c->env_sf_load（使用的是qspi flash，若不同的flash找到对应的驱动文件）添加AES解密步骤：
static int env_sf_load(void)
{
int ret;
char *buf = NULL;
buf = (char *)memalign(ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN, CONFIG_ENV_SIZE);
if (!buf) {
set_default_env("malloc() failed", 0);
return -EIO;
}
ret = setup_flash_device();
if (ret)
goto out;
ret = spi_flash_read(env_flash,
CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET, CONFIG_ENV_SIZE, buf); //从spi flash的偏移读取env镜像，在上图设置了CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET=0x200000 CONFIG_ENV_SIZE=0x10000
if (ret) {
set_default_env("spi_flash_read() failed", 0);
goto err_read;
}
#if defined MY_ENVENCRYPT
puts("decrypting env\n");
int i;
u8 tin[16];
u8 tout[16];
u8 commkey[] = { //128bits key，自行定义，跟加密的key一样
0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78,
0x27, 0x7E, 0x1B, 0xFD,
0xEE, 0x0A, 0x45, 0x50,
0x41, 0X83, 0X22, 0xF1};
u8 *expand_key = NULL;
expand_key = (u8 *)malloc(sizeof(u8)*256);
memset(expand_key,0x00,sizeof(u8)*256);
aes_expand_key(commkey, expand_key);
for(i=0;i<CONFIG_ENV_SIZE;i=i+16){
memset(tin,0x00,16);
memset(tout,0x00,16);
memcpy(tin,(char *)buf+i,16);
aes_decrypt(tin, expand_key, tout);//分组解密
memcpy(buf+i,tout,16);
}
free(expand_key);
printf("decrypting env ok \n");
#endif
ret = env_import(buf, 1);//该接口将解密得到的buf传入env映射表
if (!ret)
gd->env_valid = ENV_VALID;//设置全局变量gd的标志表示env加载成功
err_read:
spi_flash_free(env_flash);
env_flash = NULL;
out:
free(buf);
return ret;
}
最后重新编译uboot,烧录uboot和加密后的env镜像到flash后重新启动uboot能正常加密和加载env，通过uboot命令行能查看到自定义变量。
举一反三，也可以用这种思路去加密kernel和rootfs，如果想进一步提高安全性，可以将秘钥写入CPU的硬件逻辑区域（前提是CPU支持，这里使用的xilinx zynq-7010是支持写入AES秘钥到可信硬件区域的EFUSE寄存器上（熔丝，只能写一次），然后加密二进制系统镜像并且在启动的时候使能硬解密引擎，解密后将镜像加载到内存实现安全启动的）。
附在uboot/lib/aes.c下有aes加解密源码
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
/*
* Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium OS Authors.
* (C) Copyright 2011 NVIDIA Corporation www.nvidia.com
*/
/*
* advanced encryption standard
* author: karl malbrain, malbrain@yahoo.com
*
* This work, including the source code, documentation
* and related data, is placed into the public domain.
*
* The orginal author is Karl Malbrain.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS-IS WITHOUT WARRANTY
* OF ANY KIND, NOT EVEN THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
* MERCHANTABILITY. THE AUTHOR OF THIS SOFTWARE,
* ASSUMES _NO_ RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY CONSEQUENCE
* RESULTING FROM THE USE, MODIFICATION, OR
* REDISTRIBUTION OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef USE_HOSTCC
#include <common.h>
#else
#include <string.h>
#endif
#include "uboot_aes.h"
/* forward s-box */
static const u8 sbox[256] = {
0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5,
0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76,
0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0,
0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0,
0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc,
0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15,
0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a,
0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75,
0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0,
0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84,
0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b,
0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf,
0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85,
0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8,
0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5,
0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2,
0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17,
0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73,
0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88,
0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb,
0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c,
0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79,
0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9,
0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08,
0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6,
0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a,
0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e,
0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e,
0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94,
0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf,
0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68,
0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16
};
/* inverse s-box */
static const u8 inv_sbox[256] = {
0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38,
0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb,
0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87,
0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb,
0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d,
0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e,
0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2,
0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25,
0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16,
0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92,
0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda,
0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84,
0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a,
0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06,
0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02,
0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b,
0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea,
0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73,
0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85,
0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e,
0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89,
0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b,
0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20,
0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4,
0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31,
0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f,
0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d,
0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef,
0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0,
0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26,
0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d
};
/* combined Xtimes2[Sbox[]] */
static const u8 x2_sbox[256] = {
0xc6, 0xf8, 0xee, 0xf6, 0xff, 0xd6, 0xde, 0x91,
0x60, 0x02, 0xce, 0x56, 0xe7, 0xb5, 0x4d, 0xec,
0x8f, 0x1f, 0x89, 0xfa, 0xef, 0xb2, 0x8e, 0xfb,
0x41, 0xb3, 0x5f, 0x45, 0x23, 0x53, 0xe4, 0x9b,
0x75, 0xe1, 0x3d, 0x4c, 0x6c, 0x7e, 0xf5, 0x83,
0x68, 0x51, 0xd1, 0xf9, 0xe2, 0xab, 0x62, 0x2a,
0x08, 0x95, 0x46, 0x9d, 0x30, 0x37, 0x0a, 0x2f,
0x0e, 0x24, 0x1b, 0xdf, 0xcd, 0x4e, 0x7f, 0xea,
0x12, 0x1d, 0x58, 0x34, 0x36, 0xdc, 0xb4, 0x5b,
0xa4, 0x76, 0xb7, 0x7d, 0x52, 0xdd, 0x5e, 0x13,
0xa6, 0xb9, 0x00, 0xc1, 0x40, 0xe3, 0x79, 0xb6,
0xd4, 0x8d, 0x67, 0x72, 0x94, 0x98, 0xb0, 0x85,
0xbb, 0xc5, 0x4f, 0xed, 0x86, 0x9a, 0x66, 0x11,
0x8a, 0xe9, 0x04, 0xfe, 0xa0, 0x78, 0x25, 0x4b,
0xa2, 0x5d, 0x80, 0x05, 0x3f, 0x21, 0x70, 0xf1,
0x63, 0x77, 0xaf, 0x42, 0x20, 0xe5, 0xfd, 0xbf,
0x81, 0x18, 0x26, 0xc3, 0xbe, 0x35, 0x88, 0x2e,
0x93, 0x55, 0xfc, 0x7a, 0xc8, 0xba, 0x32, 0xe6,
0xc0, 0x19, 0x9e, 0xa3, 0x44, 0x54, 0x3b, 0x0b,
0x8c, 0xc7, 0x6b, 0x28, 0xa7, 0xbc, 0x16, 0xad,
0xdb, 0x64, 0x74, 0x14, 0x92, 0x0c, 0x48, 0xb8,
0x9f, 0xbd, 0x43, 0xc4, 0x39, 0x31, 0xd3, 0xf2,
0xd5, 0x8b, 0x6e, 0xda, 0x01, 0xb1, 0x9c, 0x49,
0xd8, 0xac, 0xf3, 0xcf, 0xca, 0xf4, 0x47, 0x10,
0x6f, 0xf0, 0x4a, 0x5c, 0x38, 0x57, 0x73, 0x97,
0xcb, 0xa1, 0xe8, 0x3e, 0x96, 0x61, 0x0d, 0x0f,
0xe0, 0x7c, 0x71, 0xcc, 0x90, 0x06, 0xf7, 0x1c,
0xc2, 0x6a, 0xae, 0x69, 0x17, 0x99, 0x3a, 0x27,
0xd9, 0xeb, 0x2b, 0x22, 0xd2, 0xa9, 0x07, 0x33,
0x2d, 0x3c, 0x15, 0xc9, 0x87, 0xaa, 0x50, 0xa5,
0x03, 0x59, 0x09, 0x1a, 0x65, 0xd7, 0x84, 0xd0,
0x82, 0x29, 0x5a, 0x1e, 0x7b, 0xa8, 0x6d, 0x2c
};
/* combined Xtimes3[Sbox[]] */
static const u8 x3_sbox[256] = {
0xa5, 0x84, 0x99, 0x8d, 0x0d, 0xbd, 0xb1, 0x54,
0x50, 0x03, 0xa9, 0x7d, 0x19, 0x62, 0xe6, 0x9a,
0x45, 0x9d, 0x40, 0x87, 0x15, 0xeb, 0xc9, 0x0b,
0xec, 0x67, 0xfd, 0xea, 0xbf, 0xf7, 0x96, 0x5b,
0xc2, 0x1c, 0xae, 0x6a, 0x5a, 0x41, 0x02, 0x4f,
0x5c, 0xf4, 0x34, 0x08, 0x93, 0x73, 0x53, 0x3f,
0x0c, 0x52, 0x65, 0x5e, 0x28, 0xa1, 0x0f, 0xb5,
0x09, 0x36, 0x9b, 0x3d, 0x26, 0x69, 0xcd, 0x9f,
0x1b, 0x9e, 0x74, 0x2e, 0x2d, 0xb2, 0xee, 0xfb,
0xf6, 0x4d, 0x61, 0xce, 0x7b, 0x3e, 0x71, 0x97,
0xf5, 0x68, 0x00, 0x2c, 0x60, 0x1f, 0xc8, 0xed,
0xbe, 0x46, 0xd9, 0x4b, 0xde, 0xd4, 0xe8, 0x4a,
0x6b, 0x2a, 0xe5, 0x16, 0xc5, 0xd7, 0x55, 0x94,
0xcf, 0x10, 0x06, 0x81, 0xf0, 0x44, 0xba, 0xe3,
0xf3, 0xfe, 0xc0, 0x8a, 0xad, 0xbc, 0x48, 0x04,
0xdf, 0xc1, 0x75, 0x63, 0x30, 0x1a, 0x0e, 0x6d,
0x4c, 0x14, 0x35, 0x2f, 0xe1, 0xa2, 0xcc, 0x39,
0x57, 0xf2, 0x82, 0x47, 0xac, 0xe7, 0x2b, 0x95,
0xa0, 0x98, 0xd1, 0x7f, 0x66, 0x7e, 0xab, 0x83,
0xca, 0x29, 0xd3, 0x3c, 0x79, 0xe2, 0x1d, 0x76,
0x3b, 0x56, 0x4e, 0x1e, 0xdb, 0x0a, 0x6c, 0xe4,
0x5d, 0x6e, 0xef, 0xa6, 0xa8, 0xa4, 0x37, 0x8b,
0x32, 0x43, 0x59, 0xb7, 0x8c, 0x64, 0xd2, 0xe0,
0xb4, 0xfa, 0x07, 0x25, 0xaf, 0x8e, 0xe9, 0x18,
0xd5, 0x88, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x24, 0xf1, 0xc7, 0x51,
0x23, 0x7c, 0x9c, 0x21, 0xdd, 0xdc, 0x86, 0x85,
0x90, 0x42, 0xc4, 0xaa, 0xd8, 0x05, 0x01, 0x12,
0xa3, 0x5f, 0xf9, 0xd0, 0x91, 0x58, 0x27, 0xb9,
0x38, 0x13, 0xb3, 0x33, 0xbb, 0x70, 0x89, 0xa7,
0xb6, 0x22, 0x92, 0x20, 0x49, 0xff, 0x78, 0x7a,
0x8f, 0xf8, 0x80, 0x17, 0xda, 0x31, 0xc6, 0xb8,
0xc3, 0xb0, 0x77, 0x11, 0xcb, 0xfc, 0xd6, 0x3a
};
/*
* modular multiplication tables based on:
*
* Xtime2[x] = (x & 0x80 ? 0x1b : 0) ^ (x + x)
* Xtime3[x] = x^Xtime2[x];
*/
static const u8 x_time_9[256] = {
0x00, 0x09, 0x12, 0x1b, 0x24, 0x2d, 0x36, 0x3f,
0x48, 0x41, 0x5a, 0x53, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x7e, 0x77,
0x90, 0x99, 0x82, 0x8b, 0xb4, 0xbd, 0xa6, 0xaf,
0xd8, 0xd1, 0xca, 0xc3, 0xfc, 0xf5, 0xee, 0xe7,
0x3b, 0x32, 0x29, 0x20, 0x1f, 0x16, 0x0d, 0x04,
0x73, 0x7a, 0x61, 0x68, 0x57, 0x5e, 0x45, 0x4c,
0xab, 0xa2, 0xb9, 0xb0, 0x8f, 0x86, 0x9d, 0x94,
0xe3, 0xea, 0xf1, 0xf8, 0xc7, 0xce, 0xd5, 0xdc,
0x76, 0x7f, 0x64, 0x6d, 0x52, 0x5b, 0x40, 0x49,
0x3e, 0x37, 0x2c, 0x25, 0x1a, 0x13, 0x08, 0x01,
0xe6, 0xef, 0xf4, 0xfd, 0xc2, 0xcb, 0xd0, 0xd9,
0xae, 0xa7, 0xbc, 0xb5, 0x8a, 0x83, 0x98, 0x91,
0x4d, 0x44, 0x5f, 0x56, 0x69, 0x60, 0x7b, 0x72,
0x05, 0x0c, 0x17, 0x1e, 0x21, 0x28, 0x33, 0x3a,
0xdd, 0xd4, 0xcf, 0xc6, 0xf9, 0xf0, 0xeb, 0xe2,
0x95, 0x9c, 0x87, 0x8e, 0xb1, 0xb8, 0xa3, 0xaa,
0xec, 0xe5, 0xfe, 0xf7, 0xc8, 0xc1, 0xda, 0xd3,
0xa4, 0xad, 0xb6, 0xbf, 0x80, 0x89, 0x92, 0x9b,
0x7c, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x58, 0x51, 0x4a, 0x43,
0x34, 0x3d, 0x26, 0x2f, 0x10, 0x19, 0x02, 0x0b,
0xd7, 0xde, 0xc5, 0xcc, 0xf3, 0xfa, 0xe1, 0xe8,
0x9f, 0x96, 0x8d, 0x84, 0xbb, 0xb2, 0xa9, 0xa0,
0x47, 0x4e, 0x55, 0x5c, 0x63, 0x6a, 0x71, 0x78,
0x0f, 0x06, 0x1d, 0x14, 0x2b, 0x22, 0x39, 0x30,
0x9a, 0x93, 0x88, 0x81, 0xbe, 0xb7, 0xac, 0xa5,
0xd2, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xc9, 0xf6, 0xff, 0xe4, 0xed,
0x0a, 0x03, 0x18, 0x11, 0x2e, 0x27, 0x3c, 0x35,
0x42, 0x4b, 0x50, 0x59, 0x66, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x7d,
0xa1, 0xa8, 0xb3, 0xba, 0x85, 0x8c, 0x97, 0x9e,
0xe9, 0xe0, 0xfb, 0xf2, 0xcd, 0xc4, 0xdf, 0xd6,
0x31, 0x38, 0x23, 0x2a, 0x15, 0x1c, 0x07, 0x0e,
0x79, 0x70, 0x6b, 0x62, 0x5d, 0x54, 0x4f, 0x46
};
static const u8 x_time_b[256] = {
0x00, 0x0b, 0x16, 0x1d, 0x2c, 0x27, 0x3a, 0x31,
0x58, 0x53, 0x4e, 0x45, 0x74, 0x7f, 0x62, 0x69,
0xb0, 0xbb, 0xa6, 0xad, 0x9c, 0x97, 0x8a, 0x81,
0xe8, 0xe3, 0xfe, 0xf5, 0xc4, 0xcf, 0xd2, 0xd9,
0x7b, 0x70, 0x6d, 0x66, 0x57, 0x5c, 0x41, 0x4a,
0x23, 0x28, 0x35, 0x3e, 0x0f, 0x04, 0x19, 0x12,
0xcb, 0xc0, 0xdd, 0xd6, 0xe7, 0xec, 0xf1, 0xfa,
0x93, 0x98, 0x85, 0x8e, 0xbf, 0xb4, 0xa9, 0xa2,
0xf6, 0xfd, 0xe0, 0xeb, 0xda, 0xd1, 0xcc, 0xc7,
0xae, 0xa5, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x82, 0x89, 0x94, 0x9f,
0x46, 0x4d, 0x50, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0x61, 0x7c, 0x77,
0x1e, 0x15, 0x08, 0x03, 0x32, 0x39, 0x24, 0x2f,
0x8d, 0x86, 0x9b, 0x90, 0xa1, 0xaa, 0xb7, 0xbc,
0xd5, 0xde, 0xc3, 0xc8, 0xf9, 0xf2, 0xef, 0xe4,
0x3d, 0x36, 0x2b, 0x20, 0x11, 0x1a, 0x07, 0x0c,
0x65, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x78, 0x49, 0x42, 0x5f, 0x54,
0xf7, 0xfc, 0xe1, 0xea, 0xdb, 0xd0, 0xcd, 0xc6,
0xaf, 0xa4, 0xb9, 0xb2, 0x83, 0x88, 0x95, 0x9e,
0x47, 0x4c, 0x51, 0x5a, 0x6b, 0x60, 0x7d, 0x76,
0x1f, 0x14, 0x09, 0x02, 0x33, 0x38, 0x25, 0x2e,
0x8c, 0x87, 0x9a, 0x91, 0xa0, 0xab, 0xb6, 0xbd,
0xd4, 0xdf, 0xc2, 0xc9, 0xf8, 0xf3, 0xee, 0xe5,
0x3c, 0x37, 0x2a, 0x21, 0x10, 0x1b, 0x06, 0x0d,
0x64, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x79, 0x48, 0x43, 0x5e, 0x55,
0x01, 0x0a, 0x17, 0x1c, 0x2d, 0x26, 0x3b, 0x30,
0x59, 0x52, 0x4f, 0x44, 0x75, 0x7e, 0x63, 0x68,
0xb1, 0xba, 0xa7, 0xac, 0x9d, 0x96, 0x8b, 0x80,
0xe9, 0xe2, 0xff, 0xf4, 0xc5, 0xce, 0xd3, 0xd8,
0x7a, 0x71, 0x6c, 0x67, 0x56, 0x5d, 0x40, 0x4b,
0x22, 0x29, 0x34, 0x3f, 0x0e, 0x05, 0x18, 0x13,
0xca, 0xc1, 0xdc, 0xd7, 0xe6, 0xed, 0xf0, 0xfb,
0x92, 0x99, 0x84, 0x8f, 0xbe, 0xb5, 0xa8, 0xa3
};
static const u8 x_time_d[256] = {
0x00, 0x0d, 0x1a, 0x17, 0x34, 0x39, 0x2e, 0x23,
0x68, 0x65, 0x72, 0x7f, 0x5c, 0x51, 0x46, 0x4b,
0xd0, 0xdd, 0xca, 0xc7, 0xe4, 0xe9, 0xfe, 0xf3,
0xb8, 0xb5, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x8c, 0x81, 0x96, 0x9b,
0xbb, 0xb6, 0xa1, 0xac, 0x8f, 0x82, 0x95, 0x98,
0xd3, 0xde, 0xc9, 0xc4, 0xe7, 0xea, 0xfd, 0xf0,
0x6b, 0x66, 0x71, 0x7c, 0x5f, 0x52, 0x45, 0x48,
0x03, 0x0e, 0x19, 0x14, 0x37, 0x3a, 0x2d, 0x20,
0x6d, 0x60, 0x77, 0x7a, 0x59, 0x54, 0x43, 0x4e,
0x05, 0x08, 0x1f, 0x12, 0x31, 0x3c, 0x2b, 0x26,
0xbd, 0xb0, 0xa7, 0xaa, 0x89, 0x84, 0x93, 0x9e,
0xd5, 0xd8, 0xcf, 0xc2, 0xe1, 0xec, 0xfb, 0xf6,
0xd6, 0xdb, 0xcc, 0xc1, 0xe2, 0xef, 0xf8, 0xf5,
0xbe, 0xb3, 0xa4, 0xa9, 0x8a, 0x87, 0x90, 0x9d,
0x06, 0x0b, 0x1c, 0x11, 0x32, 0x3f, 0x28, 0x25,
0x6e, 0x63, 0x74, 0x79, 0x5a, 0x57, 0x40, 0x4d,
0xda, 0xd7, 0xc0, 0xcd, 0xee, 0xe3, 0xf4, 0xf9,
0xb2, 0xbf, 0xa8, 0xa5, 0x86, 0x8b, 0x9c, 0x91,
0x0a, 0x07, 0x10, 0x1d, 0x3e, 0x33, 0x24, 0x29,
0x62, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x75, 0x56, 0x5b, 0x4c, 0x41,
0x61, 0x6c, 0x7b, 0x76, 0x55, 0x58, 0x4f, 0x42,
0x09, 0x04, 0x13, 0x1e, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x27, 0x2a,
0xb1, 0xbc, 0xab, 0xa6, 0x85, 0x88, 0x9f, 0x92,
0xd9, 0xd4, 0xc3, 0xce, 0xed, 0xe0, 0xf7, 0xfa,
0xb7, 0xba, 0xad, 0xa0, 0x83, 0x8e, 0x99, 0x94,
0xdf, 0xd2, 0xc5, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xe6, 0xf1, 0xfc,
0x67, 0x6a, 0x7d, 0x70, 0x53, 0x5e, 0x49, 0x44,
0x0f, 0x02, 0x15, 0x18, 0x3b, 0x36, 0x21, 0x2c,
0x0c, 0x01, 0x16, 0x1b, 0x38, 0x35, 0x22, 0x2f,
0x64, 0x69, 0x7e, 0x73, 0x50, 0x5d, 0x4a, 0x47,
0xdc, 0xd1, 0xc6, 0xcb, 0xe8, 0xe5, 0xf2, 0xff,
0xb4, 0xb9, 0xae, 0xa3, 0x80, 0x8d, 0x9a, 0x97
};
static const u8 x_time_e[256] = {
0x00, 0x0e, 0x1c, 0x12, 0x38, 0x36, 0x24, 0x2a,
0x70, 0x7e, 0x6c, 0x62, 0x48, 0x46, 0x54, 0x5a,
0xe0, 0xee, 0xfc, 0xf2, 0xd8, 0xd6, 0xc4, 0xca,
0x90, 0x9e, 0x8c, 0x82, 0xa8, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xba,
0xdb, 0xd5, 0xc7, 0xc9, 0xe3, 0xed, 0xff, 0xf1,
0xab, 0xa5, 0xb7, 0xb9, 0x93, 0x9d, 0x8f, 0x81,
0x3b, 0x35, 0x27, 0x29, 0x03, 0x0d, 0x1f, 0x11,
0x4b, 0x45, 0x57, 0x59, 0x73, 0x7d, 0x6f, 0x61,
0xad, 0xa3, 0xb1, 0xbf, 0x95, 0x9b, 0x89, 0x87,
0xdd, 0xd3, 0xc1, 0xcf, 0xe5, 0xeb, 0xf9, 0xf7,
0x4d, 0x43, 0x51, 0x5f, 0x75, 0x7b, 0x69, 0x67,
0x3d, 0x33, 0x21, 0x2f, 0x05, 0x0b, 0x19, 0x17,
0x76, 0x78, 0x6a, 0x64, 0x4e, 0x40, 0x52, 0x5c,
0x06, 0x08, 0x1a, 0x14, 0x3e, 0x30, 0x22, 0x2c,
0x96, 0x98, 0x8a, 0x84, 0xae, 0xa0, 0xb2, 0xbc,
0xe6, 0xe8, 0xfa, 0xf4, 0xde, 0xd0, 0xc2, 0xcc,
0x41, 0x4f, 0x5d, 0x53, 0x79, 0x77, 0x65, 0x6b,
0x31, 0x3f, 0x2d, 0x23, 0x09, 0x07, 0x15, 0x1b,
0xa1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0xb3, 0x99, 0x97, 0x85, 0x8b,
0xd1, 0xdf, 0xcd, 0xc3, 0xe9, 0xe7, 0xf5, 0xfb,
0x9a, 0x94, 0x86, 0x88, 0xa2, 0xac, 0xbe, 0xb0,
0xea, 0xe4, 0xf6, 0xf8, 0xd2, 0xdc, 0xce, 0xc0,
0x7a, 0x74, 0x66, 0x68, 0x42, 0x4c, 0x5e, 0x50,
0x0a, 0x04, 0x16, 0x18, 0x32, 0x3c, 0x2e, 0x20,
0xec, 0xe2, 0xf0, 0xfe, 0xd4, 0xda, 0xc8, 0xc6,
0x9c, 0x92, 0x80, 0x8e, 0xa4, 0xaa, 0xb8, 0xb6,
0x0c, 0x02, 0x10, 0x1e, 0x34, 0x3a, 0x28, 0x26,
0x7c, 0x72, 0x60, 0x6e, 0x44, 0x4a, 0x58, 0x56,
0x37, 0x39, 0x2b, 0x25, 0x0f, 0x01, 0x13, 0x1d,
0x47, 0x49, 0x5b, 0x55, 0x7f, 0x71, 0x63, 0x6d,
0xd7, 0xd9, 0xcb, 0xc5, 0xef, 0xe1, 0xf3, 0xfd,
0xa7, 0xa9, 0xbb, 0xb5, 0x9f, 0x91, 0x83, 0x8d
};
/*
* Exchanges columns in each of 4 rows
* row0 - unchanged, row1- shifted left 1,
* row2 - shifted left 2 and row3 - shifted left 3
*/
static void shift_rows(u8 *state)
{
u8 tmp;
/* just substitute row 0 */
state[0] = sbox[state[0]];
state[4] = sbox[state[4]];
state[8] = sbox[state[8]];
state[12] = sbox[state[12]];
/* rotate row 1 */
tmp = sbox[state[1]];
state[1] = sbox[state[5]];
state[5] = sbox[state[9]];
state[9] = sbox[state[13]];
state[13] = tmp;
/* rotate row 2 */
tmp = sbox[state[2]];
state[2] = sbox[state[10]];
state[10] = tmp;
tmp = sbox[state[6]];
state[6] = sbox[state[14]];
state[14] = tmp;
/* rotate row 3 */
tmp = sbox[state[15]];
state[15] = sbox[state[11]];
state[11] = sbox[state[7]];
state[7] = sbox[state[3]];
state[3] = tmp;
}
/*
* restores columns in each of 4 rows
* row0 - unchanged, row1- shifted right 1,
* row2 - shifted right 2 and row3 - shifted right 3
*/
static void inv_shift_rows(u8 *state)
{
u8 tmp;
/* restore row 0 */
state[0] = inv_sbox[state[0]];
state[4] = inv_sbox[state[4]];
state[8] = inv_sbox[state[8]];
state[12] = inv_sbox[state[12]];
/* restore row 1 */
tmp = inv_sbox[state[13]];
state[13] = inv_sbox[state[9]];
state[9] = inv_sbox[state[5]];
state[5] = inv_sbox[state[1]];
state[1] = tmp;
/* restore row 2 */
tmp = inv_sbox[state[2]];
state[2] = inv_sbox[state[10]];
state[10] = tmp;
tmp = inv_sbox[state[6]];
state[6] = inv_sbox[state[14]];
state[14] = tmp;
/* restore row 3 */
tmp = inv_sbox[state[3]];
state[3] = inv_sbox[state[7]];
state[7] = inv_sbox[state[11]];
state[11] = inv_sbox[state[15]];
state[15] = tmp;
}
/* recombine and mix each row in a column */
static void mix_sub_columns(u8 *state)
{
u8 tmp[4 * AES_STATECOLS];
/* mixing column 0 */
tmp[0] = x2_sbox[state[0]] ^ x3_sbox[state[5]] ^
sbox[state[10]] ^ sbox[state[15]];
tmp[1] = sbox[state[0]] ^ x2_sbox[state[5]] ^
x3_sbox[state[10]] ^ sbox[state[15]];
tmp[2] = sbox[state[0]] ^ sbox[state[5]] ^
x2_sbox[state[10]] ^ x3_sbox[state[15]];
tmp[3] = x3_sbox[state[0]] ^ sbox[state[5]] ^
sbox[state[10]] ^ x2_sbox[state[15]];
/* mixing column 1 */
tmp[4] = x2_sbox[state[4]] ^ x3_sbox[state[9]] ^
sbox[state[14]] ^ sbox[state[3]];
tmp[5] = sbox[state[4]] ^ x2_sbox[state[9]] ^
x3_sbox[state[14]] ^ sbox[state[3]];
tmp[6] = sbox[state[4]] ^ sbox[state[9]] ^
x2_sbox[state[14]] ^ x3_sbox[state[3]];
tmp[7] = x3_sbox[state[4]] ^ sbox[state[9]] ^
sbox[state[14]] ^ x2_sbox[state[3]];
/* mixing column 2 */
tmp[8] = x2_sbox[state[8]] ^ x3_sbox[state[13]] ^
sbox[state[2]] ^ sbox[state[7]];
tmp[9] = sbox[state[8]] ^ x2_sbox[state[13]] ^
x3_sbox[state[2]] ^ sbox[state[7]];
tmp[10] = sbox[state[8]] ^ sbox[state[13]] ^
x2_sbox[state[2]] ^ x3_sbox[state[7]];
tmp[11] = x3_sbox[state[8]] ^ sbox[state[13]] ^
sbox[state[2]] ^ x2_sbox[state[7]];
/* mixing column 3 */
tmp[12] = x2_sbox[state[12]] ^ x3_sbox[state[1]] ^
sbox[state[6]] ^ sbox[state[11]];
tmp[13] = sbox[state[12]] ^ x2_sbox[state[1]] ^
x3_sbox[state[6]] ^ sbox[state[11]];
tmp[14] = sbox[state[12]] ^ sbox[state[1]] ^
x2_sbox[state[6]] ^ x3_sbox[state[11]];
tmp[15] = x3_sbox[state[12]] ^ sbox[state[1]] ^
sbox[state[6]] ^ x2_sbox[state[11]];
memcpy(state, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
}
/* restore and un-mix each row in a column */
static void inv_mix_sub_columns(u8 *state)
{
u8 tmp[4 * AES_STATECOLS];
int i;
/* restore column 0 */
tmp[0] = x_time_e[state[0]] ^ x_time_b[state[1]] ^
x_time_d[state[2]] ^ x_time_9[state[3]];
tmp[5] = x_time_9[state[0]] ^ x_time_e[state[1]] ^
x_time_b[state[2]] ^ x_time_d[state[3]];
tmp[10] = x_time_d[state[0]] ^ x_time_9[state[1]] ^
x_time_e[state[2]] ^ x_time_b[state[3]];
tmp[15] = x_time_b[state[0]] ^ x_time_d[state[1]] ^
x_time_9[state[2]] ^ x_time_e[state[3]];
/* restore column 1 */
tmp[4] = x_time_e[state[4]] ^ x_time_b[state[5]] ^
x_time_d[state[6]] ^ x_time_9[state[7]];
tmp[9] = x_time_9[state[4]] ^ x_time_e[state[5]] ^
x_time_b[state[6]] ^ x_time_d[state[7]];
tmp[14] = x_time_d[state[4]] ^ x_time_9[state[5]] ^
x_time_e[state[6]] ^ x_time_b[state[7]];
tmp[3] = x_time_b[state[4]] ^ x_time_d[state[5]] ^
x_time_9[state[6]] ^ x_time_e[state[7]];
/* restore column 2 */
tmp[8] = x_time_e[state[8]] ^ x_time_b[state[9]] ^
x_time_d[state[10]] ^ x_time_9[state[11]];
tmp[13] = x_time_9[state[8]] ^ x_time_e[state[9]] ^
x_time_b[state[10]] ^ x_time_d[state[11]];
tmp[2] = x_time_d[state[8]] ^ x_time_9[state[9]] ^
x_time_e[state[10]] ^ x_time_b[state[11]];
tmp[7] = x_time_b[state[8]] ^ x_time_d[state[9]] ^
x_time_9[state[10]] ^ x_time_e[state[11]];
/* restore column 3 */
tmp[12] = x_time_e[state[12]] ^ x_time_b[state[13]] ^
x_time_d[state[14]] ^ x_time_9[state[15]];
tmp[1] = x_time_9[state[12]] ^ x_time_e[state[13]] ^
x_time_b[state[14]] ^ x_time_d[state[15]];
tmp[6] = x_time_d[state[12]] ^ x_time_9[state[13]] ^
x_time_e[state[14]] ^ x_time_b[state[15]];
tmp[11] = x_time_b[state[12]] ^ x_time_d[state[13]] ^
x_time_9[state[14]] ^ x_time_e[state[15]];
for (i = 0; i < 4 * AES_STATECOLS; i++)
state[i] = inv_sbox[tmp[i]];
}
/*
* encrypt/decrypt columns of the key
* n.b. you can replace this with byte-wise xor if you wish.
*/
static void add_round_key(u32 *state, u32 *key)
{
int idx;
for (idx = 0; idx < 4; idx++)
state[idx] ^= key[idx];
}
static u8 rcon[11] = {
0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36
};
/* produce AES_STATECOLS bytes for each round */
void aes_expand_key(u8 *key, u8 *expkey)
{
u8 tmp0, tmp1, tmp2, tmp3, tmp4;
u32 idx;
memcpy(expkey, key, AES_KEYCOLS * 4);
for (idx = AES_KEYCOLS; idx < AES_STATECOLS * (AES_ROUNDS + 1); idx++) {
tmp0 = expkey[4*idx - 4];
tmp1 = expkey[4*idx - 3];
tmp2 = expkey[4*idx - 2];
tmp3 = expkey[4*idx - 1];
if (!(idx % AES_KEYCOLS)) {
tmp4 = tmp3;
tmp3 = sbox[tmp0];
tmp0 = sbox[tmp1] ^ rcon[idx / AES_KEYCOLS];
tmp1 = sbox[tmp2];
tmp2 = sbox[tmp4];
} else if ((AES_KEYCOLS > 6) && (idx % AES_KEYCOLS == 4)) {
tmp0 = sbox[tmp0];
tmp1 = sbox[tmp1];
tmp2 = sbox[tmp2];
tmp3 = sbox[tmp3];
}
expkey[4*idx+0] = expkey[4*idx - 4*AES_KEYCOLS + 0] ^ tmp0;
expkey[4*idx+1] = expkey[4*idx - 4*AES_KEYCOLS + 1] ^ tmp1;
expkey[4*idx+2] = expkey[4*idx - 4*AES_KEYCOLS + 2] ^ tmp2;
expkey[4*idx+3] = expkey[4*idx - 4*AES_KEYCOLS + 3] ^ tmp3;
}
}
/* encrypt one 128 bit block */
void aes_encrypt(u8 *in, u8 *expkey, u8 *out)
{
u8 state[AES_STATECOLS * 4];
u32 round;
memcpy(state, in, AES_STATECOLS * 4);
add_round_key((u32 *)state, (u32 *)expkey);
for (round = 1; round < AES_ROUNDS + 1; round++) {
if (round < AES_ROUNDS)
mix_sub_columns(state);
else
shift_rows(state);
add_round_key((u32 *)state,
(u32 *)expkey + round * AES_STATECOLS);
}
memcpy(out, state, sizeof(state));
}
void aes_decrypt(u8 *in, u8 *expkey, u8 *out)
{
u8 state[AES_STATECOLS * 4];
int round;
memcpy(state, in, sizeof(state));
add_round_key((u32 *)state,
(u32 *)expkey + AES_ROUNDS * AES_STATECOLS);
inv_shift_rows(state);
for (round = AES_ROUNDS; round--; ) {
add_round_key((u32 *)state,
(u32 *)expkey + round * AES_STATECOLS);
if (round)
inv_mix_sub_columns(state);
}
memcpy(out, state, sizeof(state));
}
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